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Ineffective Ways of Handling Stress> Defence Mechanisms of the Ego

CISCE: Class 12

Defence Mechanisms and Stress

People experience stress, anxiety, and guilt when their desires or thoughts conflict with reality or social rules.
The ego uses defence mechanisms as unconscious psychological strategies to protect a person from such uncomfortable feelings.
These mechanisms can help in coping with stress when used in a balanced way, but excessive use may stop realistic problem-solving and healthy adjustment.

CISCE: Class 12

Sublimation is a defence mechanism in which unacceptable sexual or aggressive urges are transformed into socially approved, creative, or productive activities.
In sublimation, the basic energy of the drive is not blocked but is redirected to a new goal that society values.
Sublimation helps reduce inner tension and stress by providing a healthy and constructive outlet for these urges.
This mechanism is considered mature and successful because it promotes personal growth and benefits society.
Examples of sublimation include expressing strong emotions through art, literature, music, or using aggressive energy in sports and adventure activities.

CISCE: Class 12

Rationalisation explains failures or unacceptable behaviour with logical-sounding reasons or excuses.
It reduces guilt and stress for a short time but can block honest self-correction if overused.

CISCE: Class 12

Ego defence mechanisms like sublimation and rationalisation help the individual manage inner conflicts and external pressures.
Sublimation is generally a healthy way of coping with stress because it converts unacceptable impulses into socially useful activities.
Rationalisation can be helpful in the short term by protecting self-esteem, but it may become harmful if it replaces realistic problem-solving.
Effective stress management requires awareness of these mechanisms and a preference for constructive strategies over repeated excuses.

CISCE: Class 12