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Applications of Psychology > Clinical and Counselling Psychology

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Estimated time: 7 minutes
CISCE: Class 12

Definition: Counselling

  • According to the British Association for Counselling, Counselling is the skilled and principled use of relationship to facilitate self-knowledge, emotional acceptance, and growth, and the optimal development of personal resources.
  • Counselling is a relationship between the counsellor and the counsellee or the client, characterised by trust and openness in an individual or small group relationship.
CISCE: Class 12

Key Points: Applications of Psychology > Clinical and Counselling Psychology

  • Meaning: Counselling is a helping relationship between a counsellor and a client, based on trust, openness, and understanding.
  • Purpose: It helps individuals solve day-to-day problems related to education, career, marriage, family, profession, and mild mental issues like anxiety and depression.
  • Modern Need: In today’s competitive and stressful world, counselling is necessary to manage confusion, pressure, and adjustment problems.
  • Use of Scientific Methods: Counsellors use psychological tests (aptitude, intelligence, personality tests) and discussions to give scientific and objective guidance.
  • Career Guidance: Counselling is especially important during transitional stages like career selection to help individuals make proper decisions according to their abilities.
  • Historical Background: Counselling was part of Freudian psychoanalysis and was used in the Hawthorne studies; today it has wide application in many fields.
  • Main Aim: The aim of counselling is to promote self-understanding, emotional growth, better adjustment, and a happier and more satisfying life.
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