SCERT Maharashtra solutions for Science and Technology 1 [English] 10 Standard SSC chapter 8 - Metallugy [Latest edition]

Bronze is an alloy of ______.

_______ is an alloy made from iron, carbon and chromium.

_______ is basic oxide.

In electrolytic reduction of alumina _______ is used as a cathode.

Iron is _______.

If Cu, Fe, Zn, Al elements are arranged in increasing order of their reactivity then the correct order would be which of the following?

Which of the following method is used to prevent the accumulation of greenish layer on brass due to corrosion?

In Wilfley table method to separate particles of gangue _______ method is used.

Aluminium oxide is _______ oxide.

Atomic number of aluminium is _______ and its electronic configuration is _______.

The chemical formula of zinc blend is _______.

Extraction of moderately reactive elements is done by _______ and _______ method.

Corrosion of silver causes a black layer of _______.

To prevent corrosion of iron and steel _______ method is used.

In preparation of Aqua regia hydrochloric acid and _______ acid are mixed.

The sound of one metal colliding with another makes a noise, this property is called as _______.

Ionic compounds are electrically _______.

_______ is good conductor of heat but bad conductor of electricity.

_______ is the least reactive metal.

 _______ forms a green colour in the water.

Stainless steel is an alloy of _______.

When one of the metals in an alloy is mercury the alloy is called _______.

The minerals from which the metal can be separated economically are called _______.

Brass : Aluminium and zinc : : Bronze : ______

Pressure cooker : Anodizing : : Silver plated spoons : _______

In Electrolytic reduction of alumina, Anode : _______ : : Cathode : Graphite lining

Sulphide ores : Roasting : : Carbonate ores : _______

Bauxite : Aluminium ore : : Cassiterite : _______

Metal sheets : Malleable : : Electric wires : _______

Zinc sulphide : Roasting : : zinc carbonate : _______

Rusting of iron : Fe₂O₃ : : corrosion of copper : ______

Diamond : electric insulator : : _______ : electric conductor

Soft metal : Na : : hard metal : _______

Aluminium: _______: gold : : electric insulator

Bronze : _______ : : Stainless steel : Fe + Cr + C

Find the odd one out and give its explanation.

Find the odd one out and give its explanation.

Find the odd one out and give its explanation.

Find the odd one out and give its explanation.

Find the odd one out and give its explanation.

Find the odd one out and give its explanation.

Find the odd one out and give its explanation.

Make pairs of substances and their properties

Identify the pairs of metals and their ores from the following.

Match the columns.

Match the columns.

Match the columns.

Match the columns.

Write the name.

The molecular formula of main ore of aluminium –

Write name.

The device used for grinding an ore.

Write the name.

Nonmetal which is a good conductors of electricity.

Write the name.

The reagent which dissolves noble metals.

Write the name.

Metals which are amphoteric in nature.

Write the name.

An alloy of copper and tin-

Write the name.

Two highly reactive metals-

Write the name.

The process of strong heating of carbonate ores in insufficient air–

Write the name.

The process of extraction of aluminium from alumina-

Write the name.

Method used to prevent corrosion of copper.

Electrolysis is used to obtain pure metal from impure metal.

Ionic compounds are soluble in kerosene.

In solid state, ionic compounds conduct electricity.

Mercury, silver, gold are highly reactive metals.

In the electrolytic method, a layer of highly active metal is applied to a less active metal.

In the electrolytic reduction of alumina, the lining of graphite acts as an anode.

The electrolysis of alumina involves the use of fluorspar and cryolite to increase the melting point.

Cassiterite is a copper ore.

Diamond is a hard substance.

Gold and silver are active metals.

Halogen reacts with acid.

Bauxite reacts with sodium hydroxide in the Bayer’s process.

Identify who I am!

Carbon allotropes- _______

Identify who I am!

Amphoteric oxide forming metal- _______

Identify who I am!

Ore of Aluminum- ______

Identify who I am!

Metal in Liquid state- _______

Write scientific reason.

Sodium is always kept in kerosene.

Write scientific reason.

Pine oil is used in froth flotation.

Write scientific reasons.

Lemon or tamarind is used for cleaning copper vessels turned greenish.

Write scientific reason.

Anodes need to be replaced from time to time during the electrolysis of alumina.

Write scientific reason.

Generally the ionic compounds have high melting points.

Write scientific reason.

Anodization method is useful for prevention of the corrosion of the aluminium.

Write scientific reason.

On exposure to air, silver articles turn blackish after some time.

Write scientific reason.

Magnetic separation method is used to separate the magnetic ingredients in the ores.

Write scientific reason.

Coins are made from metals and alloys.

Write scientific reason.

Meena’s mother uses lemon or tamarind for cleaning copper vessels turned greenish.

Write scientific reason.

Sodium is always kept in kerosene.

When a copper coin is dipped in the solution of silver nitrate, it shows a lustre on its surface. Explain this process with the help of a chemical equation.

Electronic configuration of metal A is 2,8,1. Electronic configuration of metal B is 2,8,8,2. Which of the above metals is more reactive? Explain with reason.

Classify the following metals based on their reactivity.
Cu, Zn, Ca, Mg, Fe, Na, Li, Hg

Write the molecular formulae of the following compound.

Cryolite

Write the molecular formulae of the following compound.

Fluorspar

Write the molecular formulae of the following compound.

Sodium aluminate

Write the molecular formulae of the following compound.

Copper pyrite

Write the molecular formulae of the following compound.

Stannic oxide

Write the molecular formulae of the following compound.

Ferrous tungstate

Explain the concept of Roasting.

Explain the concept of Calcination.

What is an alloy? 

Give two examples of alloy.

Explain Bayer’s process.

What is the difference between calcination and roasting?

Draw a neat and labelled diagram for Froth Floatation Process.

Explain the reactions of nonmetals with water with the help of examples.

Explain the characteristics of ionic compounds.

What are amphoteric oxides?

Give two examples of amphoteric oxides.

Distinguish between:

Metals - Nonmetals (physical characteristics)

Compare roasting and calcination.

Distinguish between:

Froth floatation - Leaching

Explain the following reaction with the balanced equation.

Sodium burns in air

Explain the following reaction with the balanced equation.

Reaction of aluminium with oxygen

Explain the following reaction with the balanced equation.

Magnesium reacts with dil HCl

Explain the following reaction with the balanced equation.

Sulphur burns in air

Explain the following reaction with the balanced equation.

Chlorine dissolved in water

Explain the following reaction with the balanced equation.

Sodium aluminate reacts with water

Write chemical equation for the event.

Iron filings are dropped in aqueous solution of copper sulphate.

Explain the following reaction with the balanced equation.

Ferric oxide is reacted with aluminium.

Write chemical equation for the event.

Electrolysis of alumina is done.

Explain the following reaction with the balanced equation.

Dry aluminium hydroxide is ignited at 1000 °C

Explain the following reaction with the balanced equation.

Zinc sulphide is heated strongly in excess of air

Explain the following reaction with the balanced equation.

Zinc carbonate is heated strongly in limited supply of air

Explain the following reaction with the balanced equation.

Zinc oxide is treated with carbon

Explain concept with example/explain with the help of a balanced equation.

Ionic bond and ionic compounds

Explain concept with example/explain with the help of a balanced equation.

Gangue

Explain concept with example/explain with the help of a balanced equation.

Ores

Explain concept with example/explain with the help of a balanced equation.

Roasting

Explain concept with example/explain with the help of a balanced equation.

Calcination

Explain concept with example/explain with the help of a balanced equation.

Corrosion

Explain concept with example/explain with the help of a balanced equation.

Minerals

Draw a neat labelled diagram.

Magnetic separation method.

Draw a neat labelled diagram.

Froth floatation method.

Draw a neat labelled diagram.

Electrolytic reduction of alumina.

Draw a neat labelled diagram.

Hydraulic separation method.

Draw a neat labelled diagram.

Electroplating

Draw a neat labelled diagram.

Anodizing

Complete flow chart given below.

Complete flow chart given below.

Complete flow chart given below.

What is corrosion?

What is rust?

Write a molecular formula for rust.

Observe the following diagram and identify the type of reaction and write observation.

Observe the following diagram and give answers.

1. Name this method of prevention of corrosion.
2. For prevention of which metal this method is used?
3. What is used as anode in this method?

Explain the hydraulic separation method with a neat labelled diagram.

Observe the following diagram and write answers.

1. Name the method.
2. Explain the method.
3. Give two examples of this method.

Observe the following diagram and write answers.

1. Name the method.
2. Write anode reaction and cathode reaction.
3. Why fluorspar and cryolite are added in the mixture?

Identify the following method of concentration of ores and explain briefly.

Observe the given figure of reactivity series of metals and answer the following questions:

                    Reactivity series of metals

1. Name two metals which react with water.
2. Name two moderately reactive metals.
3. Name the most highly reactive metal and the most less reactive metal.

Explain the froth floatation method with a neat labelled diagram.

Read the following passage and answer the questions.

According to the reactivity series, zinc is more reactive than iron, iron is more reactive than silver. During study of this, a student dipped the iron nails in silver nitrate solution.

1. What is reactivity series?
2. What will happen when iron nails are dipped in silver nitrate solution?
3. Which type of reaction happens when iron metal reacts with silver nitrate solution?
4. What will happen if a zinc rod is used instead of iron nail?

Complete the following flowchart.

Complete the following flowchart.

Complete the following flow chart.

Write the properties of ionic compounds.

Explain in brief types of extraction of highly reactive metals according to their reactivity.

Explain in brief types of extraction of moderately reactive metals according to their reactivity.

Explain in brief types of extraction of less reactive metals according to their reactivity.

Explain Bayer’s process of concentration of bauxite with a chemical equation.

Explain in brief electrolytic reduction of alumina with a neat labelled diagram.

Observe the figure and answer the following.

1. Write the name of the method.
2. What is used as anode and cathode in this method?
3. Write the molecular formula and use of cryolite.
4. Write anode reaction.
5. Write cathode reaction.

Observe the figure and name and explain in brief the following method:

Observe the figure and name and explain in brief the following method:

Answer the questions on the following passage.

The minerals from which the metal can be separated economically are called ores. Ores contain many types of impurities such as soil, sand and rocky substances along with metal compounds. These impurities are called gangue.
Metals can be extracted from their ores by means of various methods of separation. The process of extraction of metal in a pure state from the ores is also a part of metallurgy.
Ores are taken out from the mines and the gangue is usually separated from the ore at the site itself by various methods. Then the ores are carried out to the place where metals are produced. Here metals are extracted in pure form. Then metals are further purified by different methods of purification. This entire process is called metallurgy. Most metals being reactive do not occur in nature in the free state but are found in combined state as their salts such as oxides, carbonates, sulphides, and nitrates. however, the most unreactive metals that are not affected by air, water and other natural factors like silver, gold, platinum, generally occur in a free state. The compounds of metals that occur in nature along with the impurities are called minerals.

1. What are ores?
2. Which processes are involved in the branch of metallurgy? What is metallurgy?
3. Which metals are found in a free state?
4. In what forms are metals found in combined state?
5. What is gangue?

Explain the difference between Bayer’s process and Hall’s process by explaining the Bayer’s process.

What is corrosion?

Give preventive methods by giving examples of corrosion?