Methods of Separation - Evaporation Method

Topics

World of Living
Matter in Our Surroundings
- Matter (Substance)
- Characteristics of Particles (Molecules) of Matter
- The Solid State
- The Liquid State
- The Gaseous State
- Plasma
- Bose-einstein Condensate
- Change of State
- Concept of Evaporation
- Concept of Melting (Fusion)
- Vaporisation or Boiling
- Sublimation
- Concept of Freezing (Solidification)
- Concept of Condensation (Liquefaction)
- Concept of Desublimation (Deposition)
Exploration: Entering the World of Secondary Science
Cell: The Building Block of Life
Is Matter Around Us Pure
- Matter (Substance)
- Natural substances
- Mixture
- Types of Mixtures
- Introduction to Solutions
- Concentration of a Solution
- Suspension Solution
- Colloidal Solution
- Evaporation Method
- Solvent Extraction (Using a Separating Funnel Method)
- Sublimation
- Chromatography Method
- Simple Distillation Method
- Fractional Distillation Method
- Crystallisation Method
- Classification of Change: Physical Changes
- Chemical Reaction
- Pure Substances
- Compound
- Elements
Matter - Its Nature and Behaviour
Tissues in Action
Motion, Force, Work and Sound
Atoms and Molecules
- History of Atom
- Laws of Chemical Combination
- Law of Conservation of Mass
- Law of Constant Proportions (Law of Definite Proportions)
- Dalton's Atomic Theory
- Atoms: Building Blocks of Matter
- Symbols Used to Represent Atoms of Different Elements
- Atomic Mass
- Relative Atomic Mass (RAM)
- Molecules
- Classification of Molecules
- Difference Between Atoms and Molecules
- Ions (Radicals) and Its Types
- Chemical Formula or Molecular Formula
- Molecular Mass
- Formula Unit Mass
- Mole Concept
- Atoms and Molecules Numericals
Earth as a system
Structure of the Atom
- Existence of Charged Particles in Matter
- Atoms: Building Blocks of Matter
- Discovery of Charged Particles in Matter
- Protons
- Electrons
- Neutrons
- J. J. Thomson’s Atomic Model
- Advantage and Limitations of Thomson’s Atomic Model
- Rutherford’s Atomic Model
- Limitations of Rutherford’s Atomic Model
- Neils Bohr’s Model of an Atom
- Electronic Configuration of Atom
- Periodic Trends in the Modern Periodic Table
- Different Ways to Determine Valency
- Atomic Number (Z) and Mass Number (A)
- Atomic Mass
- Uses of Radioactive Isotopes
- Isotopes
- Atoms and Molecules Numericals
Reproduction: How Life Continues
The Fundamental Unit of Life
- The Invention of the Microscope and the Discovery of Cell
- Cell Theory
- Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell
- Cell Organelles
- Structure of the Cell > Plasma Membrane / Cell Membrane
- Structure of the Cell > Cell Wall: “Supporter and Protector”
- Structure of the Cell > Nucleus: “Brain” of the Cell
- Structure of the Cell > Cytoplasm: “Area of Movement”
- Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
- Golgi Apparatus - "The delivery system of the cell"
- Lysosome - “Suicidal Bag”
- Mitochondria - “Power House of the Cell”
- Plastids
- Non-living Substances Or Cell Inclusion
- Plant Cell Vs Animal Cell
- Cell Division: an Essential Life Process
Patterns in Life: Diversity and Classification
Tissues
- Tissues - “The Teams of Workers”
- Plant and Animals Tissue
- Plant Tissues
- Meristems or Meristematic Tissues
- Permanent Tissue
- Simple Permanent Tissues (Supporting Tissue)
- Complex Permanent Tissues
- Complex Permanent Tissue: Xylem Structure and Function (Conducting Tissue)
- Complex Permanent Tissue: Phloem Structure and Function (Conducting Tissue)
- Animal Tissues
- Epithelial Tissue
- Connective Tissue
- Muscular Tissue
- Nervous Tissue
Exploring Mixtures and their Separation
Diversity in Living Organisms
- Introduction of Biological Classification
- Classification of Living Organisms
- Taxonomic Hierarchy of Living Organisms: Unit of Classification
- Five Kingdom Classification
- Kingdom Monera
- Kingdom Protista
- Kingdom Fungi
- Kingdom Plantae
- Kingdom Animalia
- Differences Between Plantae (Plants) and Animalia (Animals)
- Kingdom Plantae
- Sub-division Algae
- Kingdom Plantae: Thallophyta (Fungi)
- Cryptogams > Division II- Bryophytes
- Cryptogams > Division III- Pteridophytes
- Phanerogams > Division I-Gymnosperms
- Phanerogams > Division II- Angiosperms
- Kingdom Animalia
- Phylum: Porifera
- Phylum: Cnidaria/Coelenterata
- Phylum: Platyhelminthes
- Invertebrate: Phylum Nematoda
- Phylum: Annelida
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Phylum: Mollusca
- Phylum: Echinodermata
- Subphylum: Prochordata
- Subphylum: Vertebrata/Craniata
- Invertebrata and Vertebrata
- Taxonomy and Systematics
- Nomenclature
Motion
- Describing Motion
- Motion Along a Straight Line
- Types of Motion
- Measuring the Rate of Motion - Speed with Direction
- Rate of Change of Velocity
- Distance and Displacement
- Displacement - Time Graph Or Distance - Time Graph
- Velocity - Time Graphs
- Equations of Motion by Graphical Method
- Derivation of Velocity - Time Relation by Graphical Method
- Derivation of Displacement - Time Relation by Graphical Method
- Derivation of Displacement - Velocity Relation by Graphical Method
- Uniform Circular Motion (UCM)
- Motion (Numerical)
Journey Inside the Atom
Force and Laws of Motion
- Force
- Force - Push or Pull
- Effect of Force
- Types of Forces>Contact and Non-Contact Forces
- Balanced and Unbalanced Forces
- Newton's First Law of Motion
- Inertia and Mass
- Newton’s Second Law of Motion
- Newton's Third Law of Motion
- Conservation of Momentum
- Newton’s Laws of Motion
Atomic Foundations of Matter
Describing Motion Around Us
Gravitation
- Concept of Gravitation
- Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation
- Free Fall
- Acceleration Due to Gravity (Earth’s Gravitational Acceleration)
- Mass and Weight
- Thrust and Pressure
- Pressure of liquid
- Buoyancy Force (Upthrust Force)
- Density of the Fluid
- Archimedes Principle
- Relative Density and Its Unit
How Forces Affect Motion
Work and Energy
- Concept of Work
- Concept of Energy
- Forms of Energy > Mechanical Energy
- Mechanical Energy > Kinetic Energy (K)
- Mechanical Energy > Potential Energy (U)
- Potential Energy of an Object at a Height
- Conversion of Energies
- Principle of Conservation of Energy
- Rate of Doing Work
- Work and Energy (Numericals)
Work, Energy, and Simple Machines
Sound
- Sound Waves
- Production of Sound
- Propagation of Sound
- Sound Need a Medium to Travel
- Sound Waves Are Longitudinal Waves
- Characteristics of Sound
- Speed of Sound (Velocity of Sound)
- Reflection of Sound Waves
- Echo
- Reverberation
- Uses of Multiple Reflection of Sound
- Range of Hearing in Humans
- Ultrasonic Sound Or Ultrasound
- SONAR
- Sound (Numerical)
Sound Waves: Characteristics and Applications
Improvement in Food Resources
- Improvements in Food Resources
- Improvement in Crop Yields
- Crop Variety Improvement
- Crop Production Improvement
- Crop Protection Management
- Methods to Replenish Nutrients in Your Soil
- Manuring (Biomanuring)
- Fertilizers
- Improved methods of agriculture
- Agricultural Assistance Programme
- Animal Husbandry (Livestock) > Poultry Farm Management
- Animal Husbandry (Livestock) > Pisciculture (Fish Farming)
- Animal Husbandry (Livestock) > Apiculture (Bee Farming)
Why Do We Fall ill
- Categories of Disease
- Acute and Chronic Diseases
- Causes of Disease
- Infectious Agents
- Manifestation of Diseases
- Modes of Transmission of Diseases
- Organ-specific and Tissue-specific Manifestations
- Principles of Prevention of Diseases
- Principles of Treatment of Diseases
Earth as a System: Energy, Matter, and Life
Natural Resources
- Natural Resources
- Biosphere: The Domain of Life
- Air is a Mixture
- Atmosphere and Its Layers
- Rain
- Water: Our Lifeline
- Where Do We Get Water From?
- Availability of Water
- Importance of Water
- Mineral Riches in the Soil
- Water Cycle
- The Oxygen Cycle

Definition

Evaporation: Evaporation is a process which is used to separate a solid substance dissolved in liquid. It is based on the fact that liquids vaporize easily whereas solids do not.

Notes

Evaporation Method:

Evaporation is a process which is used to separate a solid substance dissolved in liquid. It is based on the fact that liquids vaporize easily whereas solids do not.

Application:

Separation of salt from seawater
Crude petroleum refinery

Experiment

Experiment to obtain coloured component (dye) from blue /black ink.

The blue ink (or black ink) used; in fountain pens is a liquid mixture. It is a mixture of a dye in water. This dye is the colored component of the ink (which gives it a blue or black color). We can separate the colored component of ink (or dye from ink) by the process of evaporation.

Aim: To separate the colored component from the ink.

Requirements: Beaker, watch-glass, water, ink, burner, etc

Principle: The volatile substance will be evaporated due to the low boiling point and the non-volatile substance will remain.

Procedure:

Fill half a beaker with water.
Put a watch glass on the mouth of the beaker.
Put few drops of ink on the watch glass.
Now start heating the beaker. We do not want to heat the ink directly as it is decomposed by the high temperature, so we use a water bath for evaporating ink. You will see that evaporation is taking place from the watch glass.
Continue heating as the evaporation goes on and stop heating when you do

not see any further change on the watch glass.

Observation:

Water evaporates from the watch glass. This is because on heating water changes into its vapour state. The ink does not evaporate or sublime.
There is a residue on the glass in form of a bluish or violet color. This is ink that has precipitated and settled at the bottom of the watch glass.
Ink is not a single substance and not pure. Ink is a mixture and is formed by mixing water with a dye.

Result/Inference: The non-volatile matter was separated from the volatile matter because of the difference in the boiling point.