NCERT solutions for केमिस्ट्री पार्ट १ एण्ड २ [अंग्रेजी] कक्षा १२ chapter 6 - Haloalkanes and Haloarenes [Latest edition]

Write the structure of the following compound:

2-Chloro-3-methylpentane

Write the structure of the following compound:

1-Chloro-4-ethylcyclohexane

Write the structure of the following compound:

4-tert. Butyl-3-iodoheptane

Write the structure of the following compound:

1,4-Dibromobut-2-ene

Write the structure of the following compound:

1-Bromo-4-sec. butyl-2-methylbenzene

Why is sulphuric acid not used during the reaction of alcohols with KI?

Write structures of different dihalogen derivatives of propane.

Among the isomeric alkanes of molecular formula C₅H₁₂, identify the one that on photochemical chlorination yields a single monochloride.

Among the isomeric alkanes of molecular formula C₅H₁₂, identify the one that on photochemical chlorination yields three isomeric monochlorides.

Among the isomeric alkanes of molecular formula C₅H₁₂, identify the one that on photochemical chlorination yields four isomeric monochlorides.

Draw the structure of major monohalo products in the following reaction:

Draw the structure of major monohalo products in the following reaction:

Draw the structure of major monohalo products in the following reaction:

Draw the structure of major monohalo products in the following reaction:

Draw the structure of major monohalo products in the following reaction:

\[\ce{CH3CH2Br + NaI ->}\]

Draw the structure of major monohalo products in the following reaction:

Arrange the set of compounds in order of increasing boiling points.

Bromomethane, Bromoform, Chloromethane, Dibromomethane.

Arrange the set of compounds in order of increasing boiling points.

1-Chloropropane, Isopropyl chloride, 1-Chlorobutane.

Which alkyl halide from the following pair would you expect to react more rapidly by an S_N2 mechanism? Explain your answer.

CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂Br or \[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3CH2CHCH3}\\
\phantom{...}|\\
\phantom{....}\ce{Br}\ 
\end{array}\]

Which alkyl halide from the following pair would you expect to react more rapidly by an S_N2 mechanism? Explain your answer.

\[\begin{array}{cc}\ce{CH3CH2CHCH3}\\\phantom{...}|\\\phantom{....}\ce{Br}\end{array}\] or \[\begin{array}{cc}\phantom{.....}\ce{CH3}\\\phantom{..}|\\\ce{H3C - C - Br}\\\phantom{..}|\\\phantom{....}\ce{CH3}\end{array}\]

Which alkyl halide from the following pair would you expect to react more rapidly by an S_N2 mechanism? Explain your answer.

\[\begin{array}{cc}\ce{CH3CHCH2CH2Br}\\|\phantom{.........}\\\ce{CH3}\phantom{......}\end{array}\] or \[\begin{array}{cc}\ce{CH3CH2CHCH2Br}\\\phantom{}|\\\phantom{...}\ce{CH3}\end{array}\]

In the following pair of halogen compounds, which compound undergoes a faster S_N1 reaction?

In the following pair of halogen compounds, which compound undergoes a faster S_N1 reaction?

Identify A, B, C, D, E, R and R¹ in the following:

Name the following halide according to the IUPAC system and classify it as an alkyl, allyl, benzoyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halide:

(CH₃)₂CHCH(Cl)CH₃

Name the following halide according to the IUPAC system and classify it as an alkyl, allyl, benzoyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halide:

CH₃CH₂CH(CH₃)CH(C₂H₅)Cl

Name the following halide according to the IUPAC system and classify it as an alkyl, allyl, benzoyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halide:

CH₃CH₂C(CH₃)₂CH₂I

Name the following halide according to the IUPAC system and classify it as an alkyl, allyl, benzoyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halide:

(CH₃)₃CCH₂CH(Br)C₆H₅

Name the following halide according to the IUPAC system and classify it as an alkyl, allyl, benzoyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halide:

CH₃CH(CH₃)CH(Br)CH₃

Name the following halide according to the IUPAC system and classify it as an alkyl, allyl, benzoyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halide:

CH₃C(C₂H₅)₂CH₂Br

Name the following halide according to the IUPAC system and classify it as an alkyl, allyl, benzoyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halide:

CH₃C(Cl)(C₂H₅)CH₂CH₃

Name the following halide according to the IUPAC system and classify it as an alkyl, allyl, benzoyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halide:

CH₃CH = C(Cl)CH₂CH(CH₃)₂

Name the following halide according to the IUPAC system and classify it as an alkyl, allyl, benzoyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halide:

CH₃CH = CHC(Br)(CH₃)₂

Name the following halide according to the IUPAC system and classify it as an alkyl, allyl, benzoyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halide:

p-ClC₆H₄CH₂CH(CH₃)₂

Name the following halide according to the IUPAC system and classify it as an alkyl, allyl, benzoyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halide:

m-ClCH₂C₆H₄CH₂C(CH₃)₃

Name the following halide according to the IUPAC system and classify it as an alkyl, allyl, benzoyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halide:

o-Br-C₆H₄CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₃

Give the IUPAC name of the following compound:

CH₃CH(Cl)CH(Br)CH₃

Give the IUPAC name of the following compound:

CHF₂CBrClF

Give the IUPAC name of the following compound:

ClCH₂C≡CCH₂Br

Give the IUPAC name of the following compound:

(CCl₃)₃CCl

Give the IUPAC name of the following compound:

CH₃C(p-ClC₆H₄)₂CH(Br)CH₃

Give the IUPAC name of the following compound:

(CH₃)₃CCH=CClC₆H₄I-p

Write the structure of the following compound:

2-Chloro-3-methylpentane

Write the structure of the following organic halogen compound.

p-Bromochlorobenzene

Write the structure of the following compound:

1-Chloro-4-ethylcyclohexane

Write the structure of the following organic halogen compound.

2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-1-iodooctane

Write the structure of the following organic halogen compound.

2-Bromobutane

Write the structure of the following compound:

4-tert. Butyl-3-iodoheptane

Write the structure of the following compound:

1-Bromo-4-sec. butyl-2-methylbenzene

Write the structure of the following compound:

1,4-Dibromobut-2-ene

Which one of the following has the highest dipole moment?

A hydrocarbon C₅H₁₀ does not react with chlorine in dark but gives a single monochloro compound C₅H₉Cl in bright sunlight. Identify the hydrocarbon.

Write the isomers of the compound having the formula C₄H₉Br.

Write the equation for the preparation of 1-iodobutane from 1-butanol.

Write the equation for the preparation of 1-iodobutane from 1-chlorobutane.

Write the equation for the preparation of 1-iodobutane from but-1-ene.

What are ambident nucleophiles? Explain with an example.

Which compound in the following pair will react faster in S_N2 reaction with OH⁻?

CH₃Br or CH₃I

Which compound in the following pair will react faster in S_N2 reaction with OH⁻?

(CH₃)₃CCl or CH₃Cl

Predict all the alkenes that would be formed by dehydrohalogenation of the following halide with sodium ethoxide in ethanol and identify the major alkene:

1-Bromo-1-methylcyclohexane

Predict all the alkenes that would be formed by dehydrohalogenation of the following halide with sodium ethoxide in ethanol and identify the major alkene:

2-Chloro-2-methylbutane

Predict all the alkenes that would be formed by dehydrohalogenation of the following halide with sodium ethoxide in ethanol and identify the major alkene:

2, 2, 3-Trimethyl-3-bromopentane

How will you bring about the following conversion?

Ethanol to but-1-yne

How will you bring about the following conversion?

Ethane to bromoethene

How will you bring about the following conversion?

Propene to 1-nitropropane

How will you bring about the following conversion?

Toluene to benzyl alcohol

How will you bring about the following conversion?

Propene to propyne

How will you bring about the following conversion?

Ethanol to ethyl fluoride

How will you bring about the following conversion?

Bromomethane to propanone

How will you bring about the following conversion?

But-1-ene to but-2-ene

How will you bring about the following conversion?

1-Chlorobutane to n-octane

How will you bring about the following conversion?

Benzene to biphenyl

Give reasons:

The dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexyl chloride.

Explain why alkyl halides, though polar, are immiscible with water?

Explain why Grignard reagents should be prepared under anhydrous conditions?

Give the uses of freon 12.

Give the uses of DDT.

Give the uses of carbon tetrachloride.

Give the uses of iodoform.

Write the structure of the major organic product in the following reaction:

\[\ce{CH3CH2CH2Cl + NaI ->[acetone][heat]}\]

Write the structure of the major organic product in the following reaction:

\[\ce{(CH3)3CBr + KOH ->[ethanol][heat]}\]

Write the structure of the major organic product in the following reaction:

\[\ce{CH3CH(Br)CH2CH3 + NaOH ->[water]}\]

Write the structure of the major organic product in the following reaction:

\[\ce{CH3CH2Br + KCN ->[aq.ethanol]}\]

Write the structure of the major organic product in the following reaction:

\[\ce{C6H5ONa + C2H5Cl ->}\]

Write the structure of the major organic product in the following reaction:

\[\ce{CH3CH2CH2OH + SOCl2 ->}\]

Write the structure of the major organic product in the following reaction:

\[\ce{CH3CH2CH = CH2 + HBr->[peroxide]}\]

Write the structure of the major organic product in the following reaction:

\[\ce{CH3CH = C(CH3)2 + HBr ->}\]

Write the mechanism of the following reaction:

\[\ce{{n}BuBr + KCN ->[EtOH-H2O] {n}BuCN}\]

Arrange the compounds of the following set in order of reactivity towards S_N2 displacement:

2-Bromo-2-methylbutane, 1-Bromopentane, 2-Bromopentane

Arrange the compounds of the following set in order of reactivity towards S_N2 displacement:

1-Bromo-3-methylbutane, 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane, 2-Bromo-3-methylbutane

Arrange the compounds of the following set in order of reactivity towards S_N2 displacement:

1-Bromobutane, 1-Bromo-2, 2-dimethylpropane, 1-Bromo-2-methylbutane, 1-Bromo-3-methylbutane

Out of C₆H₅CH₂Cl and C₆H₅CHClC₆H₅, which is more easily hydrolysed by aqueous KOH.

p-Dichlorobenzene has higher m.p. and lower solubility than those of o- and m-isomers. Discuss.

How the following conversion can be carried out?

Propene to propan-1-ol

How will you bring about the following conversion?

Ethanol to but-1-yne

How the following conversion can be carried out?

1-Bromopropane to 2-bromopropane

How will you bring about the following conversion?

Toluene to benzyl alcohol

How the following conversion can be carried out?

Benzene to 4-bromonitrobenzene

How the following conversion can be carried out?

Benzyl alcohol to 2-phenylethanoic acid

How do you convert the following:

Ethanol to propanenitrile

How the following conversion can be carried out?

Aniline to chlorobenzene

How the following conversion can be carried out?

2-Chlorobutane to 3, 4-dimethylhexane

How the following conversion can be carried out?

2-Methyl-1-propene to 2-chloro-2-methylpropane

How the following conversion can be carried out?

Ethyl chloride to propanoic acid.

How the following conversion can be carried out?

But-1-ene to n-butyliodide

How the following conversion can be carried out?

2-Chloropropane to 1-propanol

How the following conversion can be carried out?

Isopropyl alcohol to iodoform

How the following conversion can be carried out?

Chlorobenzene to p-nitrophenol

How the following conversion can be carried out?

2-Bromopropane to 1-bromopropane

How the following conversion can be carried out?

Chloroethane to butane

How the following conversion can be carried out?

Benzene to diphenyl

How the following conversion can be carried out?

tert-Butyl bromide to isobutyl bromide

How the following conversion can be carried out?

Aniline to phenylisocyanide

The treatment of alkyl chlorides with aqueous KOH leads to the formation of alcohols but in the presence of alcoholic KOH, alkenes are major products. Explain.

Primary alkyl halide C₄H₉Br (a) reacted with alcoholic KOH to give compound (b). Compound (b) is reacted with HBr to give (c) which is an isomer of (a). When (a) is reacted with sodium metal it gives compound (d), C₈H₁₈ which is different from the compound formed when n-butyl bromide is reacted with sodium. Give the structural formula of (a) and write the equations for all the reactions.

Write the main products when n-butyl chloride is treated with alcoholic KOH.

What happens when bromobenzene is treated with Mg in the presence of dry ether?

What happens when chlorobenzene is subjected to hydrolysis?

What happens when ethyl chloride is treated with aqueous KOH?

What happens when methyl bromide is treated with sodium in the presence of dry ether?

What happens when methyl chloride is treated with KCN?