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Karnataka Board PUCPUC Science 2nd PUC Class 12
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पाठ्यक्रम

Processes of Recombinant DNA Technology

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CISCE: Class 12

Key Points: Processes of Recombinant DNA Technology

  1. Isolation of DNA:
    Genetic material (DNA) is extracted and purified from the source organism by removing proteins, RNA, lipids, and other impurities.
  2. Cutting and Separation of DNA:
    DNA is cut at specific sites using restriction endonucleases, and desired fragments are separated by gel electrophoresis and isolated by elution.
  3. Amplification of Gene (PCR):
    The gene of interest is amplified using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to produce millions of copies for effective cloning.
  4. Ligation and Gene Transfer:
    The desired DNA fragment is ligated into a vector and introduced into a host cell by methods such as transformation, electroporation, or gene gun.
  5. Expression and Production:
    The host cells expressing the recombinant gene are cultured on a large scale in bioreactors to produce the desired recombinant protein.
  6. Downstream Processing:
    The final product is separated, purified, and processed to obtain a market-ready product.

Related QuestionsVIEW ALL [37]

Can you list 10 recombinant proteins which are used in medical practice? Find out where they are used as therapeutics (use the internet).

Explain briefly:

Chitinase

Rising of dough is due to ______.

Prepare a flow chart in formation of recombinant DNA by the action of restriction endonuclease enzyme EcoRI.

In a pathological lab, a series of steps were undertaken for finding the gene of interest. Describe the steps, or make a flow chart showing the process of amplification of this gene of interest.

Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow:

Biotechnology revolves around the "gene of interest", with an objective to open various avenues for human welfare in health, medicine, pharma, agriculture etc. using different techniques, tools and processes. One of the breakthroughs of biotechnology in medicine is the gene therapy.
  1. Name the human disease for which the gene therapy was used for the first time.
  2. Explain the steps of gene therapy carried to cure the disease using the lymphocytes of the patient. Why is this therapy not a permanent cure of the disease?
  3. Write the possible permanent cure of the disease by the gene therapy that is in progress. 

Suggest and describe a technique to obtain multiple copies of a gene of interest in vitro.

Assertion (A): Synthetic oligonucleotide polymers are used during Annealing in a PCR.

Reason (R): The primers bind to the double stranded DNA at their complementary regions.

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