CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus - Free PDF Download
CBSE Syllabus 2025-26 Class 10: The CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus for the examination year 2025-26 has been released by the Central Board of Secondary Education, CBSE. The board will hold the final examination at the end of the year following the annual assessment scheme, which has led to the release of the syllabus. The 2025-26 CBSE Class 10 Science Board Exam will entirely be based on the most recent syllabus. Therefore, students must thoroughly understand the new CBSE syllabus to prepare for their annual exam properly.
The detailed CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus for 2025-26 is below.
Academic year:
CBSE Class 10 Science Revised Syllabus
CBSE Class 10 Science Course Structure 2025-26 With Marking Scheme
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Syllabus
1 Chemical Reactions and Equations [Revision]
- Chemical Reactions in Daily Life
- Introduction
- Activity 1
- Activity 2
- Activity 3
- Chemical Equations
- Definition: Chemical Equation
- Key Points: Chemical Equations
- Balancing Chemical Equation
- Key Points: Balancing Chemical Equations
- Types of Chemical Reactions > Combination Reaction
- Definition: Combination Reaction
- Chemical Equations: Combination Reaction
- Key Points: Combination Reaction
- Types of Chemical Reactions > Decomposition Reaction
- Definition: Decomposition Reaction
- Definition: Thermal Decomposition
- Key Points: Decomposition Reaction
- Types of Chemical Reactions > Single Displacement Reaction
- Definition: Single Displacement Reaction
- Key Points: Single Displacement Reactions
- Types of Chemical Reactions > Double Displacement Reaction
- Definition: Double Displacement Reaction
- Chemical Properties of Carbon Compounds > Oxidation
- Definition: Oxidation Reaction
- Definition: Oxidants or Oxidising Agents
- Key Points: Oxidation
- The Effects of Oxidation Reactions in Everyday Life
- Definition: Corrosion
- Definition: Rancidity
2 Acids, Bases and Salts [Revision]
- Acids and Bases in Daily Life
- Acids and Bases in the Laboratory
- Definition: Olfactory Indicators
- Activity 1
- Activity 2
- Acids and Bases React with Metals
- Activity 1
- Activity 2
- Reaction of Metal Carbonates with Acids
- Activity
- Acids and Bases Reaction with each other
- Definition: Neutralisation Reaction
- Activity
- Reaction of Metallic Oxides with Acids
- Activity
- Reaction of a Non-metallic Oxide with Base
- Common Properties of Acids and Bases
- Introduction
- Definition: Dilution
- Activity 1
- Activity 2: Acid or a Base in a Water Solution
- Activity 3: Acid or a Base in a Water Solution
- The pH Scale
- Importance of pH in Everyday Life
- Key Points: Importance of pH in Everyday Life
- Salts > Family of Salts
- Activity
- Salts > pH of Salts
- Activity
- Salts > Chemicals from Common Salt
- Introduction
- Definition: Sodium Chloride
- A raw material for chemicals
- Sodium hydroxide
- Chemical Equation: Sodium Hydroxide
- Bleaching powder
- Chemical Equation: Bleaching powder
- Baking soda
- Chemical Equation: Baking soda
- Washing soda
- Chemical Equation: Washing soda
- Key Points: Chemicals from Common Salt
- Salts > Water in Salt Crystals
- Definition: Plaster of Paris
- Activity
- Chemical Equation: Plaster of Paris
- Key Points: Water in Salt Crystals
3 Metals and Non-metals [Revision]
- Physical Properties of Metals
- Key Points: Physical Properties of Metals
- Physical Properties of Non-metal
- Key Points: Physical Properties of Non-metal
- Electronic Configurations
- Introduction
- Definition: Ionic Compounds
- Table: Electronic Configurations
- Key Points: Electronic Configurations
- Chemical Properties of Metal
- Definition: Electropositive Elements
- Key Points: Chemical Properties of Metal
- Properties of Ionic Compounds
- Key Points: Properties of Ionic Compounds
- Occurrence of Metals
- Definition: Minerals
- Definition: Ores
- Key Points: Occurrence of Metals
- Corrosion of Metals
- Definition: Corrosion
- Prevention of Corrosion
- Key Points: Prevention of Corrosion
4 Carbon and its Compounds [Revision]
- Importance of Carbon
- Introduction
- Activity
- The Covalent Bond
- Definition: Covalent Compound
- Definition: Covalent Molecule
- Key Points: The Covalent Bond
- Allotropes of Carbon > Diamond
- Crystalline Forms
- Diamond
- Uses of Diamond
- Allotropes of Carbon > Graphite
- Graphite
- Experiment
- Uses of Graphite
- Allotropes of Carbon > Fullerene
- Fullerene
- Uses of Fullerene
- Carbon: A Versatile Element
- Definition: Tetravalency of Carbon
- Definition: Catenation
- Key Points: Carbon-A Versatile Element
- Organic Compounds
- Definition: Organic Compounds
- Key Points: Organic Compounds
- Classification of Hydrocarbons
- Carbon Compounds: Chains, Branches, Rings
- Introduction
- Definition: Structural Isomers
- Definition: Hydrocarbons
- Definition: Alkanes
- Definition: Alkenes
- Definition: Alkynes
- Definition: Functional Groups
- Table: Saturated Compounds of Carbon and Hydrogen
- Explanation
- Carbon: Friendly Element
- Homologous Series
- Definition: Homologous Series
- Key Points: Homologous Series
- Nomenclature
- Definition: Nomenclature
- Key Points: Nomenclature of Carbon Compounds
- Chemical Properties of Carbon Compounds > Combustion
- Key Points: Combustion
- Ethanol
- Key Points: Ethanol
- Ethanoic Acid
- Key Points: Ethanoic Acid
- Soaps and Detergents
- Activity 1
- Micelles
- Activity 2
- Activity 3
- Key Points: Soaps and Detergents
5 Life Processes [Revision]
- Life Processes in Living Organisms
- Key Points: Life Processes in Living Organisms
- Nutrition
- Definition: Nutrition
- Definition: Enzymes
- Autotrophic Nutrition
- Definition: Autotrophic Nutrition
- Key Points: Autotrophic Nutrition
- Heterotrophic Nutrition
- Definition: Heterotrophic Nutrition
- Nutrition in Human Beings
- Definition: Saliva
- Definition: Salivary Amylase
- Key Points: Nutrition in Human Beings
- Dental Caries
- Cellular Respiration
- Definition: Aerobic Respiration
- Definition: Anaerobic Respiration
- Key Points: Cellular Respiration
- Human Respiratory System
- Respiratory System
- Exchange of Gases in Lungs
- Significance of Respiration
- Key Points: Respiratory System
- Production of ATP
- Definition: ATP
- Key Points: ATP
- Blood Circulatory System
- Human Heart
- Structure of the Heart
- Layers of the Heart Wall
- Chambers of the Heart
- Definition: Pericardium
- Key Points: The Heart
- Blood Vessels Entering and Leaving The Heart
- Key Points: Blood Vessels Entering and Leaving the Heart
- Valves of the Heart
- Key Points: Valves of the Heart
- Blood Pressure (B.P.)
- Introduction
- Definition: Blood Pressure
- Definition: Systolic Pressure
- Definition: Diastolic Pressure
- Definition: Hypertension
- Definition: Sphygmomanometer
- Blood Vessels
- Blood Vessels: Structure and Functions
- Capillaries
- Definition: Artery
- Definition: Vein
- Definition: Arteriole
- Definition: Venule
- Composition of Blood > Cellular Elements: Blood Platelets (Thrombocytes)
- Definition: Thrombokinase
- Definition: Clot
- Blood Platelets
- Function of Blood Platelets
- Key Points: Blood Platelets
- Pulmonary and Systemic Circulation (Double Circulation)
- Tissue Fluid (Or Intercellular Fluid)
- Definition: Tissue Fluid
- Lymph and Lymphatic System
- Definition: Lymph
- Key Points: Lymph and Lymphatic System
- Tissue Fluid (Or Intercellular Fluid)
- Transportation in Plants
- Transportation of Water
- Root Pressure
- Definition: Transpiration
- Transpiration Pull
- Experiment
- Key Points: Transportation of Water
- Transportation of Food and Other Substances
- Introduction
- Definition: Translocation
- Working of Translocation
- Transportation of Water
- Excretion
- Definition: Excretion
- Definition: Excretory System
- Introduction
- Experiment
- Excretion in Human Beings
- Kidney and Its Internal Structure
- Definition: Nephrons
- Definition: Papilla
- Key Points: Kidneys
- Structure of a Kidney Tubule (Nephrons)
- Definition: Bowman's Capsule
- Definition: Glomerulus
- Definition: Malpighian Capsule (Renal Capsule)
- Key Points: Structure and Function of a Nephron
- Dialysis and Artificial Kidney
- Dialysis
- Definition: Dialysis
- Definition: Artificial Kidney
- Types of Dialysis
- Excretion in Plants
- Introduction
- Excretory Products in Plants
- Key Points: Excretion in Plants
- Organ and Body Donation
- Key Points: Key Points: Organ and Body Donation
6 Control and Co-ordination [Revision]
- Human Nervous System
- Introduction
- Components of Nervous System
- Need of Nervous System
- Key Points: Human Nervous System
- Neuron (Or Nerve Cell)
- Definition: Neuron (Nerve Cell)
- Definition: Neurolemma (Neurilemma)
- Definition: Nodes of Ranvier
- Definition: Synaptic Cleft
- Definition: Stimulus
- Definition: Response
- Definition: Nerve Impulse
- Definition: Receptors
- Definition: Effectors
- Key Points: Neuron
- Synapse
- Definition: Synapse
- Nerves
- Definition: Nerve
- Reflex Action
- Definition: Reflex Action
- Key Points: Reflex Action
- Reflex Arc
- Definition: Reflex Arc
- Key Points: Reflex Arc
- The Human Brain
- Definition: Meninges
- Definition: Meningitis
- Key Points: Human Brain
- The Spinal Cord
- Key Points: Spinal Cord
- Mechanism of Muscle Action Under Nervous Control
- Coordination and Response to Stimuli in Plants
- Key Points: Coordination and Response to Stimuli in Plants
- Tropic Movements in Plants
- Definition: Tropism
- Definition: Tropic
- Definition: Tropic Movements
- Phototropism
- Definition: Phototropism
- Definition: Positive Phototropism
- Definition: Negative Phototropism
- Geotropism
- Definition: Geotropism / Gravitropism
- Definition: Positive Geotropism
- Definition: Negative Geotropism
- Hydrotropism
- Definition: Hydrotropism
- Definition: Positive Hydrotropism
- Definition: Negative Hydrotropism
- Thigmotropism
- Definition: Thigmotropism
- Chemotropism
- Definition: Chemotropism
- Hormonal Regulation in Animals
- Key Points: Hormonal Regulation in Animals
7 How do Organisms Reproduce? [Revision]
- DNA Copying and Variation in Reproduction
- Definition: Reproduction
- Definition: Variation
- Key Points: DNA Copying and Variation in Reproduction
- Sexual Reproduction in Plants
- Definition: Bisexual Flower
- Definition: Unisexual Flower
- Definition: Pedicellate Flower
- Definition: Sessile Flower
- Key Points: Sexual Reproduction in Plants
- Concept of Reproductive Health
- Key Points: Reproductive Health
8 Heredity [Revision]
- DNA Copying and Variation in Reproduction
- Definition: Reproduction
- Definition: Variation
- Key Points: DNA Copying and Variation in Reproduction
- Gregor Johann Mendel – Father of Genetics
- Father of Genetics
- Key Points: Gregor Johann Mendel – Father of Genetics
9 Light – Reflection and Refraction [Revision]
- Light and Its Straight-Line Propagation
- Introduction
- Key Points: Light and Its Straight-Line Propagation
- Reflection of Light
- Introduction
- Activity
- Experiment
- Key Points: Reflection of Light
- Spherical Mirrors
- Definition: Spherical Mirror
- Definition: Concave Mirror
- Definition: Convex Mirror
- Definition: Pole
- Definition: Centre of Curvature
- Definition: Radius of Curvature
- Definition: Principal Axis
- Introduction
- Types of Spherical Mirrors
- Activity
- Key Points: Spherical Mirrors
- Image Formation by Spherical Mirrors
- Introduction
- Activity
- Table: Image Formation
- Key Points: Image Formation by Spherical Mirrors
- Representation of Images Formed by Spherical Mirrors
- Introduction
- Image Formation by Concave Mirror
- Experiment
- Image Formation by Concave Mirror
- Image Formation by a Convex Mirror
- Introduction
- Activity 1
- Ray Diagrams
- Activity 2
- Uses of convex Mirrors
- Sign Convention for Reflection by Spherical Mirrors
- Key Points: Sign Convention
- Ray Optics - Mirror Formula
- Introduction
- Definition: Object Distance
- Definition: Image Distance
- Definition: Focal Length
- Formula: Mirror Formula
- Formula: Magnification
- Example 1
- Example 2
- Refraction of Light
- Definition: Refraction
- Definition: Refracted Light
- Definition: Refraction of Light
- Key Points: Refraction of Light
- Refraction through a Rectangular Glass Slab
- Introduction
- Law: Snell's Law
- Activity
- The Refractive Index
- Definition: Refractive Index
- Formula: Refractive Index
- Law: Snell's Law
- Refraction by Spherical Lenses
- Introduction
- Definition: Spherical lens
- Definition: Convex Lens
- Definition: Concave Lens
- Definition: Principal Axis of a Lens
- Definition: Optic Centre
- Activity
- Image Formation by Lenses
- Introduction
- Activity 1
- Table: Image Formation by Convex Lens at Different Object Positions
- Activity 2
- Key Points: Image Formation by Lenses
- Image Formation in Lenses Using Ray Diagrams
- Key Points: Image Formation in Lenses Using Ray Diagrams
- Sign Convention for Spherical Lenses
- Lens Formula
- Formula: lens Formula
- Formula: Lens Magnification
- Power of a Lens
- Definition: Power of a Lens
- Formula: Power of a Lens
10 The Human Eye and the Colourful World [Revision]
- The Human Eye
- Key Points: The Human Eye
- Defects of Vision and Their Correction
- Defects of Vision and Their Corrections > Myopia
- Key Points: Myopia
- Defects of Vision and Their Corrections > Hypermetropia
- Key Points: Hypermetropia
- Defects of Vision and Their Corrections > Presbyopia
- Key Points: Presbyopia
- Refraction of Light Through a Prism
- Dispersion of Light
- Definition: Dispersion
- Definition: Spectrum
- Key Points: Dispersion of Light
- Atmosphere Refraction
- Introduction
- Twinkling of Stars
- Advance Sunrise and Delayed Sunset
- Key Points: Atmosphere Refraction
- Scattering of Light
- Definition: Scattering of Light
- Key Points: Scattering of Light
11 Electricity [Revision]
- Electric Current
- Definition: Current
- Definition: Electric Current
- Key Points: Electric Current
- Electric Potential and Potential Difference
- Introduction
- Definition: Potential Difference
- Formula: Potential Difference
- Example
- Circuit Diagram
- Introduction
- Table: Symbols of Components
- Ohm's Law
- Definition: Conductance
- Law: Ohm's Law
- Factors of Resistance
- Formula: Resistance of Conductor
- Activity
- Table: Electrical Resistivity
- Example 1
- Example 2
- Example 3
- Example 4
- Resistance of a System of Resistors
- Resistors in Series
- Key Points: Series Combination of Resistors
- Resistors in Parallel
- Key Points: Parallel Combination of Resistors
- Resistors in Series
- Heating Effect of Electric Current
- Definition: Heating Effect of Electric Current
- Key Points: Heating Effect of Electric Current
- Electrical Power
- Definition: Electric Power
- Formula: Electric Power
- Key Points: Electric Power
12 Magnetic Effects of Electric Current [Revision]
- Magnetic Effect of Electric Current
- Key Points: Magnetic Effect of Electric Current
- Applications of Biot-Savart's Law > Magnetic Field due to a Finite Straight Current-Carrying Wire
- Introduction
- Expertiment
- Activity 1
- Activity 2
- Magnetic Field Due to a Current-Carrying Conductor
- Activity
- Right-hand Thumb Rule
- Definition: Right Hand Thumb Rule
- Applications of Biot-Savart's Law > Magnetic Field at the Centre of a Circular Loop
- Applications of Ampere’s Circuital Law > Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Solenoid
- Definition: Solenoid
- Force on a Current Carrying Conductor in a Magnetic Field
- Key Points: Force on a Current Carrying Conductor in a Magnetic Field
- Fleming’s Left Hand Rule
- Definition: Fleming's Left Hand Rule
- Magnetism in Medicine
- Domestic Electric Circuits
- Introduction
- Explanation
- Key Points: Domestic Electric Circuits
13 Our Environment [Revision]
- Food Chain
- Definition: Food Chain
- Concept of Food Chain
- Advantages of Food Chain
- Food Web
- Definition: Food Web
- Concept of Food Web
- Advantages of Food Web
- Waste Management
- Key Points: Waste Management
