Diseases Caused by Protozoa > Amoebiasis (Amoeboic dysentery)

Entamoeba histolytica Life Cycle Stages:

• It spreads through contaminated food and water.
• Infection occurs by the faeco-oral route.
• Houseflies act as mechanical carriers and help in transmission.

• Common symptoms include diarrhoea, abdominal pain, abdominal cramps, and constipation.
• Blood and mucus may be present in the stool.
• Flatulence may also occur.
• In more severe cases, the liver may be affected, leading to hepatomegaly or a liver abscess.
• Fever and weight loss may be seen in such cases.

Diagnosis:

• Diagnosis is made by microscopic examination of the stool.

Treatment:

• It is treated with antiamoebic drugs.
• Commonly used drugs include metronidazole and tinidazole.
• In severe liver involvement, aspiration may be required.

• Maintain personal hygiene.
• Drink safe water such as boiled, filtered, or chlorinated water.
• Eat clean and properly covered food.
• Ensure proper sanitation and sewage disposal.