Topics
Introduction to ICT
Creating Textual Communication
- Purpose of Creating Textual Documents
- Word Processor Basics
- Keyboard Functions
- Creating and Formatting a Document
- Saving and Opening Documents
- Text Formatting
- Error Detection Tools
- Cut, Copy and Paste
- Bullets and Numbering
- Tables in LibreOffice
- Inserting Images in LibreOffice
- Headers and Footers
- Print Preview and Printing
- Protecting Documents
Creating Visual Communication
Creating Audio-Video Communication
Presenting Ideas
Getting Connected: Internet
Safety and Security in the Cyber World
Fun with Logic
Introduction to Scratch Programming
Scratch programming is a visual programming language designed primarily for children and beginners to help them learn the basics of coding in a simple and engaging way.
Key Features :
- Developed by MIT (2005): Designed to make coding easy and fun for beginners, especially children.
- Block-Based Coding: Uses drag-and-drop blocks to create programs; no need to write code manually.
- Sprites and Stage: Sprites are characters or objects; the stage is where they perform actions.
- Script Area: Instructions are arranged in sequence to control sprite behaviour.
- Creative and Interactive: Enables the creation of stories, games, and animations with sound, motion, and visuals.
- Free and Accessible: Scratch is open-source and can be used both online and offline via scratch.mit.edu.
Steps to Create a Square Path in Scratch :
Step 1: Scratch Interface
- Stage : Area where the output (animation or action) is displayed.
- Cat Sprite : The default character that performs actions in the project.
- Sprite Area : Shows all sprites in the project; allows adding or selecting sprites.
- Script Categories : Lists different types of blocks like Motion, Looks, Events, etc.
- Instruction Blocks : Blocks used to give commands to the sprite.
- Script Area : Where blocks are arranged in sequence to create the program.
Step 2: Open Scratch and go to the Events category. 
Drag the block "when green flag clicked" to the script area. This block starts the execution when the green flag 
is clicked.
Step 3: Click on the Pen category to access drawing commands. Drag blocks like "pen down" to the script area. This makes the sprite draw while moving.
Step 4: Go to the Motion category. Drag movement blocks like move 100 steps or turn 90 degrees. Repeat and arrange them in a proper sequence to form a square path.
Step 5: Click the green flag (top right of the stage) to see the result.
Step 6: Similarly, drag more instruction blocks in the correct sequence so that the cat sprite can complete a square path.
