Physics 11th HSC Science (Computer Science) Maharashtra State Board Topics and Syllabus

1. Fundamental Quantities and Units
2. Derived Quantities and Units
3. Conventions for the use of SI Units

1. Measurements of Large Distance
2. Measurement of Distance to Stars
3. Measurement of the Size of a Planet or a Star
4. Measurement of Very Small Distances

• Range of Masses

• Dimensions and Dimensional Analysis
• Uses of Dimensional Analysis
• Limitations of Dimensional Analysis

• Types of errors in measurement:

1. Systematic errors
    (i) Instrumental error
   (ii) Error due to imperfection in experimental technique
   (iii) Personal error
2. Random errors

• Significant figures
• Rules for determining significant figures

1. Scalars
2. Vectors

1. Multiplication of a Vector by a Scalar
2. Addition and Subtraction of Vectors
3. Triangle Law for Vector Addition
4. Law of parallelogram of vectors

• Resolution of a Vector in a Plane
• Unit Vector

1. Scalar Product (Dot Product)
2. Vector Product (cross product)

• Characteristics of Vector Product

1. Differential Calculus
2. Integral calculus

1. Displacement
2. Path length
3. Average velocity
4. Average speed
5. Instantaneous velocity
6. Instantaneous speed
7. Acceleration

1. Average and Instantaneous Velocities
2. Average and Instantaneous Acceleration
3. Equations of Motion for an Object travelling a Plane with Uniform Acceleration
4. Relative Velocity
5. Projectile Motion

• Period, Radius Vector and Angular Speed
• Expression for Centripetal Acceleration

• Importance of Newton’s First Law of Motion
• Importance of Newton’s Second Law of Motion
• Importance of Newton’s Third Law of Motion

• Fundamental Forces in Nature
• Contact and Non-Contact Forces
• Real and Pseudo Forces
• Conservative and Non-Conservative Forces and Concept of Potential Energy
• Work Done by a Variable Force

• Elastic and inelastic collisions
• Perfectly Inelastic Collision
• Coefficient of Restitution e

1. One dimensional or head-on collision
2. Coefficient of  restitution during a head-on, elastic collision

• Expressions for final velocities after a head-on, elastic collision
• Loss in the kinetic energy during a perfectly inelastic head-on collision
• Collision in two dimensions, i.e., a nonhead-on collision

• Necessity of defining impulse

• To prove that the moment of a couple is independent of the axis of rotation

• Stable, unstable and neutral equilibrium

• Mathematical understanding of centre of mass
• Velocity of centre of mass
• Acceleration of the centre of mass
• Characteristics of centre of mass

• Centre of Gravity
• Centre of gravity of regular – shaped objects
• Real-Life Applications of Centre of Gravity

1. Law of orbit
2. Law of areas
3. Law of periods

• Newton’s universal law of gravitation
• Importance of the Universal Law of Gravitation
• Application of Newton’s law of gravitation

• Acceleration due to gravity
• Relationship between g and G
• Mass of the Earth (M)
• Value of g on the surface of the earth
• Variation of acceleration due to gravity (g)

1. Variation in g with Altitude
2. Variation in g with Depth
3. Variation in g with Latitude and Rotation of the Earth

• Expression for Gravitational Potential Energy
• Connection of potential energy formula with mgh
• Concept of Potential
• Escape Velocity

• Projection of Satellite
• Weightlessness in a Satellite
• Time Period of a Satellite
• Binding Energy of an orbiting satellite

• Stress

1. Tensile stress or compressive stress
2. Volume stress or hydraulic stress
3.  Shearing stress

• Strain

1. Tensile strain
2. Volume strain
3. Shearing strain

1. Young’s modulus (Y)
2. Bulk modulus (K)
3. Modulus of rigidity (η)
4. Poisson’s ratio

• Origin of friction
• Types of friction

1. Static friction
2. Kinetic friction
3. Rolling friction

• Introduction
• Meaning of heat
• Meaning of work
• Meaning of temperature

• Celsius scale
• Fahrenheit scale

• Absolute zero and absolute temperature
• Ideal Gas Equation

• Linear Expansion
• Areal Expansion
• Volume expansion
• Relation between Coefficients of Expansion

• Specific Heat Capacity
• Units of specific heat capacity
• Measurement of specific heat: (mixing method) and calorimeter
• Specific Heat Capacity of some common substance

• Analysis of observations

1. From point A to B
2. From point B to D

• Sublimation
• Phase Diagram

1. Vapourisation curve l - v
2. Fusion curve l - s
3. Sublimation curve s - v
4. Triple point

• Gas and Vapour
• Latent Heat

• Conduction  

1. Thermal Conductivity
2. Coefficient of Thermal Conductivity
3. Thermal Resistance (RT)
4. Applications of Thermal Conductivity

• Convection

1. Applications of Convection
2. Free and Forced Convection

• Radiation

1. Mechanical waves
2. EM waves
3. Matter waves

• Amplitude (A)
• Wavelength
• Period (T)
• Double periodicity
• Frequency (n)
• Velocity (v)
• Phase and phase difference
• Characteristics of progressive wave

• The speed of transverse waves
• The speed of longitudinal waves
• Newton’s formula for velocity of sound
• Laplace’s correction
• Factors affecting speed of sound

1. Effect of pressure on velocity of sound
2. Effect of temperature on speed of sound
3. Effect of humidity on speed of sound

1. Acoustics observed in nature
2. Medical applications of acoustics
3. Other applications of acoustics

• Audible sound or human response to sound

1. Pitch
2. Timbre (sound quality)
3. Loudness

• Source Moving and Listener Stationary
• Listener Approaching a Stationary Source with Velocity v_L
• Both Source and Listener are Moving
• Common Properties between Doppler Effect of Sound and Light
• Major Differences between Doppler Effects of Sound and Light

• Corpuscular Nature
• Wave Nature
• Dual Nature of Light

1. Ray optics or geometrical optics
2. Wave optics or physical optics
3. Particle nature of light

Cartesian sign convention

• Reflection from a plane surface
• Reflection from curved mirrors

• Total Internal Reflection
• Essential conditions for the total internal reflection
• Total internal reflection in nature
• Rainbow production
• Refraction and total internal reflection of light rays at different angles of incidence
• Consequences of total internal refraction

• Mirage
• Rainbow

• Chromatic aberration
• Spherical aberration

• Magnifying power
• Simple microscope or a reading glass
• Limiting cases
• Compound microscope
• Telescope
• Magnifying power of a telescope

• Additive Nature of Charge
• Quantization of Charge
• Conservation of Charge
• Forces between Charges

• Scalar form of Coulomb’s Law
• Relative Permittivity or Dielectric Constant
• Definition of Unit Charge from the Coulomb’s Law
• Coulomb’s Law in Vector Form

• Electric Field Intensity due to a Point Charge in a Material Medium
• Practical Way of Calculating Electric Field
• Electric Lines of Force

•  Couple Acting on an Electric Dipole in a Uniform Electric Field
• Electric Intensity at a Point due to an Electric Dipole

• Electric Current and Electrical Resistance
• Conventional Current
• Drift velocity
• Microscopic model of current

• Ohm's law
• Statement of Ohm's law
• Unit of resistance
• Conductance
• I-V graph
• Slope of I-V graph
• Limitation of Ohm's law

• Electrical power
• Units of electrical power

• Rheostat
• Combination of Resistors

1. Series combination of Resistors
2. Parallel Combination of Resistors

• Prokaryotic cells
• Eukaryotic Cells 
• Mesokaryotes Cells

• Earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements
• Basic properties of magnets

• Magnetic Field Lines
• Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid
• The dipole in a uniform magnetic field
• The electrostatic analog

• Earth’s Magnetic Field and Magnetic Elements
• Magnetic declination and dip

1. Sources of EM waves
2. Characteristics of EM waves

• Electromagnetic spectrum
• Approximate ranges of wavelength and frequency
• Properties common to all the electromagnetic waves

1. Propagation of EM Waves
2. Space wave
3. Skywave propagation

1. Elements of a communication system
2. Commonly used terms in electronic communication system

• Amplitude Modulation (AM)
• Frequency Modulation (FM)
• Phase Modulation (PM)

• Conductors (Metals)
• Insulators
• Semiconductors

• n-type semiconductor
• p-type semiconductor
• Charge neutrality of extrinsic semiconductors