Classification of Matter

• Classification of Matter

1. Pure Substances: Elements and Compounds
2. Mixture: Homogeneous and Heterogeneous mixture

Classification of Matter:-
Based on the chemical composition of various substances.

Elements:

• It is the simplest form of the matter. 
• The smallest unit of an element is known as an atom.
• The total number of known elements is 118 out of which 98 elements occur naturally and 20 are formed by artificial transmutation.
• Examples: Na, K, Mg. Al, Si, P, C, F, Br etc.

Compound:

• It is a non-elemental pure compound.
• Formed by a chemical combination of two or more atoms of different elements in a fixed ratio.
• Examples: H2O, CO2, C6H12O6 etc.

Mixture:

• Formed by the physical combination of two or more pure substances in any ratio.
• The chemical identity of the pure components remains maintained in mixtures.
• Homogeneous mixtures are those whose composition for each part remains constant.
• For example, Aqueous and gaseous solutions.
• Heterogeneous mixtures are those whose composition may vary for each and every part. For example, Soil and concrete mixtures.