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Bonding in Coordination Compounds - Valence Bond Theory (VBT)

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Topics

Estimated time: 6 minutes
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12

Key Points: Valence Bond Theory (VBT)

Postulates:

  • A covalent bond forms when orbitals of two atoms, each containing one unpaired electron, overlap with each other.
  • The overlapping of two atomic orbitals produces a localised molecular orbital called a bonding orbital, occupied by two electrons with opposite spins.
  • Maximum electron density lies between the two nuclei (internuclear region).
  • The greater the overlap, the stronger the bond and the greater the bond energy — but the shorter the bond length.
  • Electrostatic attraction between the nuclei and the accumulated electron cloud between them provides the binding force of the covalent bond.

Types of Orbital Overlap

Axial (head-on) overlap → forms σ (sigma) bond:

  • s-s overlap: Two half-filled s orbitals overlap along the internuclear axis
  • s-p overlap: Half-filled s and half-filled p orbital overlap along internuclear axis
  • p-p overlap (axial): Two half-filled p orbitals overlap along the internuclear axis

Lateral (side-on) overlap → forms π (pi) bond:

  • p-p overlap (lateral): Two half-filled p orbitals overlap side-ways (perpendicular to internuclear axis)

Video Tutorials

We have provided more than 1 series of video tutorials for some topics to help you get a better understanding of the topic.

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Series 2


Shaalaa.com | Coordination Compounds part 13 (Valence bond theory)

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Coordination Compounds part 13 (Valence bond theory) [00:16:50]
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Coordination Compounds part 13 (Valence bond theory)
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Coordination Compounds part 14 (Valence bond theory numerical)
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Coordination Compounds part 15 (Valence bond theory: limitation)
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Related QuestionsVIEW ALL [27]

Write the hybridisation and number of unpaired electrons in the complex `[CoF_6]^(3-)`. (Atomic No. of Co = 27)

Discuss the nature of bonding in the following coordination entity on the basis of valence bond theory:

[Co(C2O4)3]3−

In a coordination entity, the electronic configuration of the central metal ion is t2g3 eg1

Is the coordination compound a high spin or low spin complex?

Discuss the nature of bonding in the following coordination entity on the basis of valence bond theory:

[Fe(CN)6]4−

The type of hybridization involved in Octahedral complexes is ______.

Using valence bond theory, predict the hybridization and magnetic character of the following:

[CoF6]3– [Atomic number of Co = 27]

Using valence bond theory, explain the following in relation to the complexes given below:

\[\ce{[FeCl6]^{4-}}\]

(i) Type of hybridisation.
(ii) Inner or outer orbital complex.
(iii) Magnetic behaviour.
(iv) Spin only magnetic moment value.

Using valence bond theory, explain the following in relation to the complexes given below:

\[\ce{[Mn(CN)6]^{3-}}\]

(i) Type of hybridisation.
(ii) Inner or outer orbital complex.
(iii) Magnetic behaviour.
(iv) Spin only magnetic moment value.

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