मराठी

Concept of Attribution - Influence of Feedback on Attribution

Estimated time: 12 minutes

CISCE: Class 12

Meaning and Role of Feedback in Attribution

Attribution is the process of assigning causes to events and behaviours.
Feedback (positive or negative outcome) shapes how people assign these causes.
Feedback can produce bias — people may assign causes incorrectly based on outcomes.

CISCE: Class 12

People: If a person organises an event well, others credit his ability; if it fails, the same person is blamed.
Objects: A student who scores high marks with a particular pen calls it "lucky"; low marks make it "unlucky." The same applies to a "lucky dress" worn to an interview.
Situations: A person meets an unexpected visitor before an interview, performs poorly, and blames the failure on the visitor — even without any real connection.

CISCE: Class 12

Environmental (External): Responsibility is attributed to things and the environment, not to the person involved.
Personal (Internal): Responsibility is attributed to the person involved, focusing on their behaviour and the impressions formed from it.
Impression formation is usually based on personal causes.

CISCE: Class 12

Participants heard a fake heartbeat while viewing photographs; photos linked with changed heartbeats were rated more attractive.
This proved that even false feedback can alter perception and attribution.
The type of responsibility attributed to others depends on the feedback or impression formed through interactions.

CISCE: Class 12

Attribution: It is the process of assigning causes to events and behaviours.
Role of Feedback: Positive or negative feedback influences how people explain or attribute causes of behaviour.
Effect on People, Objects, and Situations: People may credit success to ability, call objects “lucky” or “unlucky,” or blame situations for outcomes.
Two Causes of Attribution: According to Davis and Kelley, causes can be personal (internal) or environmental (external).
Valins’ Experiment (1966): The study showed that even false feedback can change perception and attribution.