मराठी
CBSEScience (English Medium) Class 12
प्रश्नपत्रिका२६५९
पाठ्यपुस्तक उत्तरे२५९९९
MCQ ऑनलाइन सराव परीक्षा४३
महत्वाचे प्रश्न आणि उत्तरे२६९८३
संकल्पना स्पष्टीकरण आणि व्हिडिओ६१९
टाइम टेबल२४
अभ्यासक्रम

Capacitors and Capacitance

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Topics

Estimated time: 15 minutes
  • Capacitance
  • Redistribution of charges and concept of common potential
  • Capacitance of an isolated spherical conductor
  • Capacitor
  • Principle of a capacitor
  • Types of capacitor
    1) Parallel plate capacitor
    2) Spherical capacitor
    3) Cylindrical capacitor
  • Applications of capacitors
Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Definition: Capacitor

A system consisting of two conductors having equal and opposite charges separated by an insulator or dielectric is called a capacitor.

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Definition: Capacity of Conductor

The ability of a conductor to store charge is called the capacity of conductor.

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Definition: Energy Stored in Capacitor

The work done while charging a capacitor, which is stored in the form of electrostatic energy between the plates and can later be recovered by discharging the capacitor, is called the energy stored in a capacitor.

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Definition: Capacitance

The ratio of the charge Q given to one of the conductors of a capacitor to the potential difference V between the conductors is called its capacitance, given by C = Q/V.

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Definition: Parallel Plate Capacitor

A capacitor that consists of two large plane parallel conducting plates separated by a small distance is called a parallel plate capacitor.

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Definition: Dielectric Strength

The maximum electric field that a dielectric medium can withstand without breakdown (of its insulating property) is called its dielectric strength.

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Formula: Basic Capacitance

C = Q/V

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Formula: Parallel plate capacitor

C = \[\frac {kε_0A}{d}\]; Cm = k · Cair

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Formula: Spherical Capacitor

C = 4πkε₀ · [\[\frac {ab}{(b − a)}\]]

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Formula: Cylindrical Capacitor

C = \[\frac {2πkε₀ l}{2.303 log(b/a)}\]

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Formula: Capacitors in Series

\[\frac {1}{C_{eq}}\] = \[\frac {1}{C_1}\] + \[\frac {1}{C_2}\] + \[\frac {1}{C_3}\]

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Formula: Capacitors in Parallel

Ceq = C₁ + C₂ + C₃

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Key Points: Capacitors

  • Capacitance depends on the geometry (shape, size, separation) of the conductors and on the dielectric between them.
  • In a series, the charge on each capacitor is the same, but the voltage across each is different.
  • A series combination divides high voltage — the capacitor with the smallest capacitance gets the largest P.D., and it cannot store much charge.
  • In parallel, the voltage across each capacitor is the same, but the charge on each is different, and it handles only low voltage.
  • A parallel combination is used when a large capacitance at low potential is needed, as it can store a large amount of charge.

Video Tutorials

We have provided more than 1 series of video tutorials for some topics to help you get a better understanding of the topic.

Series 1


Series 2


Shaalaa.com | Capacitor and Capacitance part 1 (Introduction)

Shaalaa.com


Next video


Shaalaa.com


Capacitor and Capacitance part 1 (Introduction) [00:14:03]
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Series: 1
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Capacitor and Capacitance part 1 (Introduction)
00:14:03  undefined
apacitor and Capacitance part 2 (Behaviour of Conductor in Electric Field)
00:14:26  undefined
Capacitor and Capacitance part 3 (Behaviour of Conductor in Electric Field)
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Capacitor and Capacitance part 4 (Electrical Shielding)
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Capacitor and Capacitance part 5 (Electrical capacitance)
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Capacitor and Capacitance part 6 (How capacitor Works)
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Capacitor and Capacitance part 13 (Numericals)
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Capacitor and Capacitance part 14 (Numericals)
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Capacitor and Capacitance part 16 (Equivalent Capacitance)
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Capacitor and Capacitance part 17 (Numericals :- Equivalent Capacitance)
00:13:41  undefined
Capacitor and Capacitance part 18 (Numericals :- Equivalent Capacitance)
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Capacitor and Capacitance part 22 (Problem: Wheatstone Bridge Numericals)
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Capacitor and Capacitance part 23 (Kirchoff Law)
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Capacitor and Capacitance part 24 (Numericals)
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Capacitor and Capacitance part 25 (Numericals)
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Capacitor and Capacitance part 26 (Open Circuit Problem)
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Capacitor and Capacitance part 27 (Infinite Capacitor problems)
00:11:54  undefined

Related QuestionsVIEW ALL [99]

A parallel-plate capacitor with the plate area 100 cm2 and the separation between the plates 1⋅0 cm is connected across a battery of emf 24 volts. Find the force of attraction between the plates.

Obtain an expression for equivalent capacitance when three capacitors C1, C2 and C3 are connected in series.

Consider the situation shown in figure. The plates of the capacitor have plate area A and are clamped in the laboratory. The dielectric slab is released from rest with a length a inside the capacitor. Neglecting any effect of friction or gravity, show that the slab will execute periodic motion and find its time period.

Derive the expression for resultant capacitance, when the capacitor is connected in parallel.

A capacitor has capacitance C. Is this information sufficient to know what maximum charge the capacitor can contain? If yes, what is this charges? If no, what other information is needed?

Figure shows two parallel plate capacitors with fixed plates and connected to two batteries. The separation between the plates is the same for the two capacitors. The plates are rectangular in shape with width b and lengths l1 and l2. The left half of the dielectric slab has a dielectric constant K1 and the right half K2. Neglecting any friction, find the ration of the emf of the left battery to that of the right battery for which the dielectric slab may remain in equilibrium.

The outer cylinders of two cylindrical capacitors of capacitance 2⋅2 µF each, are kept in contact and the inner cylinders are connected through a wire. A battery of emf 10 V is connected as shown in figure . Find the total charge supplied by the battery to the inner cylinders.

Suppose the space between the two inner shells is filled with a dielectric of dielectric constant K. Find the capacitance of the system between A and B.

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