Topics
Renaissance in Europe and Development of Science
European Colonialism
India and European Colonialism
Colonialism and the Marathas
India: Social and Religious Reforms
Indian Struggle Against Colonialism
- Struggle before 1857
- Early Resistance to British Rule in India
- Background of Founding the Indian National Congress
- Foundation of the Indian National Congress
- 'Moderates' and 'Extremists'
- Armed Revolutionaries in India
- Mahatma Gandhi: Non-violent Resistance Movement
- Indian National Army (INA)
- 'Quit India' Movement of 1942
- Overview of Indian Struggle Against Colonialism
Decolonisation to Political Integration of India
World Wars and India
World : Decolonisation
Cold War
India Transformed - Part 1
India Transformed - Part 2
Key Points: Portuguese Colonialism in India
|
Aspect |
Period |
Major Actions |
Method of Control |
Result/Impact |
|
Arrival |
1498 |
Vasco da Gama reached Calicut |
Sea route discovery |
Beginning of Portuguese rule |
|
Expansion |
16th century |
Colonies on west and east coast |
Forts at Goa, Diu, Daman |
Large coastal control |
|
Naval Power |
16th–17th century |
Strong navy and shipbuilding |
Control of Indian Ocean |
Portuguese dominance at sea |
|
Cartaz System |
16th century |
Compulsory license for ships |
Seizure of unlicensed ships |
Trade monopoly |
|
Administration and Religion |
16th–17th century |
Viceroy system; Christianisation |
Religious restrictions |
Portuguese influence in Goa |
Key Points: British Colonialism in India
|
Aspect |
Period |
British Action |
Method/System |
Result |
|
Establishment |
1600 |
East India Company formed |
Royal charter by Queen Elizabeth |
Start of British trade in India |
|
Trade System |
Early 17th century |
Trade with eastern countries |
Factories (emporiums) |
Permanent trading centres |
|
Administrative Powers |
1623 onwards |
Authority over staff |
Civil and military law |
Company gained control |
|
Expansion of Control |
17th century |
Forts and armies built |
Treaties with Indian rulers |
Political influence increased |
|
Mumbai and Chennai |
1661–1669 |
Forts and mints established |
Governors appointed |
British strongholds formed |
Key Points: Dutch Colonialism in India
|
Aspect |
Period |
Dutch Action |
Method of Control |
Result |
|
Establishment |
1602 |
United East India Company formed |
Government licence |
Start of Dutch trade |
|
Trading Rights |
17th century |
Factories and forts built |
Treaties and military force |
Strong trading network |
|
Expansion |
Mid-17th century |
Colonies from Africa to Japan |
Governor-General appointed |
Vast overseas empire |
|
Indian Factories |
17th century |
Factories at Pulicat, Nagapattinam |
Fortification and cannons |
Dutch dominance in trade |
|
Naval Power |
Early 17th century |
Strong navy |
Licensing of ships |
Control over sea trade |
Key Points: French Colonialism in India
|
Aspect |
Period |
French Action |
Method/Policy |
Result |
|
Establishment |
1664 |
French East India Company formed |
Initiative of Colbert |
Start of French trade in India |
|
Trading Rights |
1666–1668 |
Permission from Mughal court |
Diplomatic relations |
Factory at Surat established |
|
Expansion |
Late 17th century |
Factories set up |
Trading centres |
Pondicherry, Chandranagar, Mahe |
|
Political Involvement |
18th century |
Interference in local politics |
Support to Nawab of Karnataka |
Conflict with British |
|
Carnatic Wars |
1744–1763 |
Battles with British |
Military confrontation |
French defeat; British supremacy |
