Topics
Basic Concepts in Economics
- Branches of Science
- Natural Science
- Social Science
- Concept of Economics
- Kautilya's Views on Economics
- Types of Economic Systems
- Capitalism
- Socialism
- Mixed Economy
- Branches of Economics
- Microeconomics
- Basic Concepts of Microeconomics > Want
- Basic Concepts of Microeconomics > Goods and Services
- Basic Concepts of Microeconomics > Utility
- Basic Concepts of Microeconomics > Value
- Basic Concepts of Microeconomics > Wealth
- Microeconomics > Personal Income
- Basic Concepts of Microeconomics > Personal Disposable Income
- Microeconomics > Economic Activity
- Types of Income
- Concept of Economic Good
- Macroeconomics
- Cyclical Unemployment
- Difference Between Economic Growth and Economic Development
Money
Partition Values
The Economy of Maharashtra
- Formation and Economic Progress of Maharashtra
- Administrative Divisions of Maharashtra
- Important Features of the Economy of Maharashtra
- Economic Development of Maharashtra
- Agricultural Sector
- Industrial Growth in Maharashtra
- Service Sector
- Core Areas of Service Sector
- Economic Infrastructure of Maharashtra
- Social Infrastructure of Maharashtra
- Measures for Social Infrastructure: Education
- Measures for Social Infrastructure: Health Services
- Co – operative Movement in Maharashtra
- Symbols of Educational Schemes in India
- Tourism in Maharashtra
- Hospitality
- Entertainment Industry
Rural Development in India
Population in India
- Concept of Population in India
- Trends in Population Growth
- Theories of Population Growth
- Population Explosion in India
- Types of Population Based on Resource Availability
- Birth Rate
- Death Rate
- Survival Rate
- Legal Age of Marriage for Males and Females in Different Countries
- The Population as a Human Resource
- Role of Human Resources in Economic Development
Unemployment in India
- Concept of Unemployment
- Important Terms of Employment and Unemployment
- Types of Unemployment
- Rural Unemployment
- Urban Unemployment
- Extent of Unemployment in India
- State-Wise Unemployment Rates in India
- Causes of Unemployment
- General Measures to Reduce Unemployment
- Effects of Unemployment
- Government Measures for Employment Generation
Poverty in India
- Concept of Poverty in India
- Prof. Amartya Sen’s Views on Poverty
- Multi-dimensional Poverty
- Key Concepts of Poverty
- Countries with Highest Extreme Poverty Rates
- Poverty Line
- Informal Sector and Related Activities
- Income Pyramid
- Types of Poverty
- Extent of Poverty in India
- Estimates of Poverty
- Causes of Poverty
- Effects of Poverty
- Sustainable Development Goals
- Understanding Maharashtra’s Tri Colour Family Ration Cards
- Eradication of Poverty
- Poverty Alleviation Programmes and Their Target Sectors
- Tracking Anti-Poverty Efforts
Economic Policy of India since 1991
- Economic Transition of India
- Main Objectives of the Economic Policy of 1991
- Features of the Economic Policy of 1991
- Public Bank Vs Private Banks Vs Foreign Banks
- Components of New Economic Policy
- Liberalisation
- Privatisation
- Globalisation
- Evaluation of the Economic Policy of 1991
- Corporate Social Responsibility
Economic Planning in India
- India’s Planning Commission
- Economic Planning in India
- Overview of the Bombay, People’s, and Gandhian Plans
- Features of Economic Planning
- Five Year Plans (FYP)
- 12th Five Year Plan (2012-2017)
- Levels of National Family Health Survey (NFHS)
- NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India)
- Planning Commission VS NITI Aayog
- Government Measures
- Key Point Summary
Maharashtra State Board: Class 11
Government Measures
- Employment Guarantee Scheme (EGS)
A scheme first started in Maharashtra (1972) to offer work to rural people, aiming to reduce poverty and joblessness.
Key Point: Promised minimum wage jobs for every rural family; later adopted by other states. - Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY)
A 1999 program to help rural poor become self-employed and form groups called SHGs (Self Help Groups)
Key Point: Main rural self-employment scheme after IRDP. - Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY)
Started in 1997 for the urban unemployed, with a special focus on women and street workers.
Funding: 75% by Centre, 25% by State. - Pradhan Mantri Rozgar Yojana (PMRY)
Launched in 1993; gives loans and support to educated youth to help them start small businesses. - TRYSEM (Training Rural Youth for Self-employment)
1979 scheme to train 2 lakh rural youth every year, later merged with SGSY. - Jawahar Rozgar Yojana (JRY) / Jawahar Gram Samrudhi Yojana (JGSY)
1989 rural job scheme for backward districts, renamed in 1999.
Key Point: Focus on wage jobs in villages. - Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS)
Gives every rural family the right to 100 days of paid work every year; if work isn’t given, payment is still made.
Key Point: India’s largest job guarantee scheme—focus on women, transparency, and village works. - DDU-GKY (2014)
Trains young people from poor rural families (ages 15–35) to help them get modern jobs with regular pay. - National Policy for Skill Development & Start-up India
These policies spread skill training, entrepreneurship, and start-up culture, aiming to make self-employment easier. - PMKVY (Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana)
Offers monetary rewards to young people who complete skill training (2016–20).
Maharashtra State Board: Class 11
Key Point Summary
- India’s anti-unemployment schemes range from direct job guarantee (EGS, MGNREGS) to skill training (DDU-GKY, PMKVY).
- MGNREGS is unique—legally guaranteed jobs for rural families.
- Modern policies focus on both wage jobs and self-employment in rural and urban areas.
Test Yourself
Related QuestionsVIEW ALL [4]
Answer the following in detail:
Explain the measures taken by the government to reduce unemployment.
Find out Q1 and Q3 using unemployment rates as numerical data:
| Year | Unemployment Rate % |
| 2009 | 3.75 |
| 2010 | 3.54 |
| 2011 | 3.53 |
| 2012 | 3.62 |
| 2013 | 3.46 |
| 2014 | 3.41 |
| 2015 | 3.49 |
| 2016 | 3.51 |
| 2017 | 3.52 |
