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प्रश्न
Many sentences and paragraphs in the excerpt begin with the word ‘And’. To what extent does this contribute to the rhetorical style of the lecture?
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उत्तर
John Ruskin gave ‘What is a Good Book’ as a public lecture in the nineteenth century. His style of speaking is more fluid and conversational as compared to an essay. His repetitive use of ‘And’ or ‘but’ helps in explaining an idea even further. It is more spontaneous like an interaction rather than written and rewritten like an essay.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Complete the following table :
Read the following passage and complete the activities given below:
Comment on the graphic detail with which the various passengers who took Iona's cab are described.
The story begins and ends with Iona and his horse. Comment on the significance of this to the plot of the story.
How do Shahid and the writer react to the knowledge that Shahid is going to die?
‘The Tale of Melon City’ has been narrated in a verse form. This is a unique style which lends extra charm to an ancient tale. Find similar examples in your language. Share them in the class.
Discuss in pairs or groups of four.
Replacing old machines with new is better than getting them repaired.
'Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world'.
'On reading Shelley's A Defence of Poetry, the question insistently occurs why there is no similar A Defence of Science written of equal endowment.'
What, according to Ruskin, are the limitations of the good book of the hour?
How does Forster trace the human interest in the story to primitive times?
How does the banyan tree stand out as different from other trees? What details of the tree does the poet highlight in the poem?
Think and answer in your own words.
What exactly does the speaker in the poem crave for?
The drone is given a death sentence because he ______.
Dos and Don'ts for Email Etiquettes. Discuss and add one or two Dos and Don'ts on your own.
| Sr. No. | Dos | Don'ts |
| 1. | Have a clear subject line. | Don’t forget your signature. |
| 2. | Use a professional salutation. | Don’t use humour and sarcasm. |
| 3. | Recheck your e-mail. | Don’t assume the recipient knows what you are talking about. |
| 4. | Keep private material confidential. | Don’t punctuate poorly. |
| 5. | Keep your email short and flawless. Stay concise. | Don't hit 'Reply All'. |
| 6. | Check your attachments before sending them. | Don’t think that no one but the intended recipient will see your email. (No predictions) |
| 7. | Include your name or a signature with additional details and contact information. | Don't forward emails without permission. |
What is described in the poem?
Choose any one of the objects we use daily and find out how it is made. Present the information in the form of a chart.
Name the type of fabric closely associated with Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation. Why did Gandhiji want all of us to use this fabric?
Discuss and write 1-2 lines about the following,
The lesson that Bushi learned.
Write a short note on the following:
Utilization of animal by-products in the ancient world.
Write a conversation between a donkey and a dog.
Listen and complete:
Close your books. The teacher will dictate some lines from the poem. She will say the first half and you have to write the entire line/verse.
- I know a funny ____________ As quiet as a ____________ Who does the mischief that is done ____________.
- There’s no one ever sees his face, And yet we all ____________ That every plate we break was ____________ By ____________.
Prepare a short note on sea turtles with the help of the information given in the passage.
Explain the idea of ‘Conservation of Nature through Livelihood’ briefly, using the example given here.
Suggest at least one method of creating something useful or beautiful from waste.
Find the names of the exotic musical instruments and animals mentioned in the poem.
Choose the appropriate phrase to insert in the gap, to make the sentence meaningful. Use the appropriate form of the verb.
Before we ______ let us stand in attention for the National Anthem.
Write in your own words.
What message does the poem convey?
The story has a very heart-warming and touching end. Now try to change the end of the story to make it sound very funny.
Read aloud a couple of stanzas of the poem ‘Invictus’ and ‘Please Listen’. In what ways do they differ? Think and fill up the table with ‘Yes’ or ‘No’.
| Invictus | Please Listen | |
| Rhyming lines | ______ | ______ |
| Steady rhythm | ______ | ______ |
| Uniformity in the length of lines | ______ | ______ |
| Uniformity of the number of lines in each stanza. | ______ | ______ |
| Figurative language | ______ | ______ |
Note that we say 'its appetite', 'its manners' and not 'it’s appetite' or 'it’s manners’. It’s means 'It is' and its means 'belonging to it'.
- Form groups of 5–8. Then make pairs of groups. Decide which group will be hosts and which will be guests. Arrange mock parties in the classroom so that the roles of hosts and guests can actually be played out.
- Later on, hold groupwise discussions on how your party went. Make lists of the tips you followed and those you forgot to follow.
Read the poem aloud in groups.
Identify the speaker/character.
A man fell into the sea. Please save him.
When Amma said,'Don’t upset our foreign visitor' she meant______.
Identify and write the sport's name respectively.
- ______
- ______
- ______
- ______
Why did Muthu and his friends step out of the train?
The people were making all kinds of sounds because ______.
The little bird broadened the hole with her______.
Read the lines and answer the questions given below.
Autumn is English
in red, yellow and brown
Autumn is Indian
Whenever leaves fell down
- How is autumn in India?
- Compare the English autumn with the Indian autumn.
The man destroyed ______.
Which line tells you that the girl was faster than the boy?
They rode back home quickly.
Where did the space shuttle land?
How do we work?
_______ broke out in the near by villages.
Vicky pleaded his father to buy a robot.
Look at the picture and Choose the correct word.
Robinson named the boy______.
Fill in the blank
He has bat ______ ball.
Fill in the blank
He is rich ______ he looks simple.
People ran off when the seawater receded.
What were the people excited about?
Write a paragraph on the topic ‘Park’.
Try your own.
What will you do if you have a gold plate?
What would you like to learn in school? why?
Choose the right word.
Tansen was a famous ______.
From where did the naughty boy come?
Read the passage below:
| 1. | Our history makes it evident that the Indian Plastics Industry made a vigorous beginning in 1957 but it took more than 30 years for it to pervade Indian lifestyles. In 1979, "the market for plastics' was just being seeded by the state-owned Indian Petro-Chemicals and it was only in 1994 that plastic soft drink bottles became a visible source of annoyance. |
| 2. | In the same year, people in other cities were concerned about the state of public sanitation and also urged regulatory bodies to ban the production, distribution and use of plastic bags. However, the challenge was greater than it appeared at first. |
| 3. |
The massive generation of plastic waste in India is due to rapid urbanisation, spread of retail chains, plastic packaging from grocery to food and vegetable products, to consumer items and cosmetics. The projected high growth rates of GDP and continuing rapid urbanisation suggest that India's trajectory of plastic consumption and plastic waste is likely to increase.
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| 4. | According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) report of 2018, India stands among few other countries like France, Mongolia and several African countries that have initiated total or partial nationallevel bans on plastics in their jurisdictions. On World Environment Day in 2018, India vowed to phase out single-use plastics by 2022, which gave a much needed impetus to bring this change |
| 5. | In this context, thereafter ten states (Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya, Odisha, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu) are currently sending their collected waste to cement plants for co-processing, twelve other states/UTs are using plastic waste for polymer bitumen road construction and still four other states are using the plastic waste for waste-to-energy plants and oil production. A world of greater possibilities has now opened up to initiate appropriate and concrete actions to build up the necessary institutions and systems before oceans turn, irreversibly into a thin soup of plastic. |
| 6. | However there is no one single masterstroke to counter the challenges witnessed by the staggering plastic waste management in the country. The time is now to formulate robust and inclusive National Action Plans and while doing so, the country will establish greater transparency to combat the plastic jeopardy in a more sustainable and holistic way. |
Based on your understanding of the passage answer any six out of the seven questions given below:
- What does the writer mean by 'visible source of annoyance'?
- Why did people demand a ban on plastics?
- What created a demand for plastics in India?
- With reference to the graph write one conclusion that can be drawn about the production of plastics in 2019 (approximately).
- What does the upward trend of the graph indicate?
- What does the line, oceans turning 'irreversibly into a thin soup of plastic', suggest?
- What step must be taken to combat the challenges of plastic waste management? What will be its impact?
