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प्रश्न
Many sentences and paragraphs in the excerpt begin with the word ‘And’. To what extent does this contribute to the rhetorical style of the lecture?
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उत्तर
John Ruskin gave ‘What is a Good Book’ as a public lecture in the nineteenth century. His style of speaking is more fluid and conversational as compared to an essay. His repetitive use of ‘And’ or ‘but’ helps in explaining an idea even further. It is more spontaneous like an interaction rather than written and rewritten like an essay.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Read the following passage and do the activities:
A1 True or False:
Rewrite the following statements and state whether they are ‘true’ or ‘false’.
(i) Mashelkar’s mother did menial work to bring him up.
(ii) Mashelkar’s father died when he was twelve.
(iii) Mashelkar was born in a very rich family.
(iv) Tatas added much value to Mashelkar’s life.
I start with my greatest guru-my mother. I was born in a very poor family and my father died when I was six. We moved to Mumbai and my mother did menial work to bring me up. Two meals a day was a tough challenge. I studied under street lights and I walked barefoot until, I think, I was twelve. I remember when I passed the seventh standard and I wanted to go into the eighth standard, our poverty was such that even to secure 21 rupees for secondary school admission became a big challenge. We had to borrow from a lady, who was a housemaid in Chaupati in Mumbai. That was the tough life I had.
In fact, I remember, my passing the SSC Examination-i.e. 11th standard. Those days it used to be not 10th standard or 12th standard but 11th standard. I stood 11th among 1,35,000 but I was about to leave higher education and find a job. What helped me was the scholarship by Sir Dorab Tata Trust. It was just 60 rupees per month and would you believe that 60 rupees per month from Tatas added so much value to my life that I have been able to stand here today before you to speak to you.
I am on the Board of Tatas now and it is very interesting that the same Bombay House where I used to go to collect that 60 rupees per month now one goes and sits there like a Director on the Board of Tata Motors. The turn that these 40 years have taken is very interesting. It has all been possible because of the chance I got to do higher studies at the insistence of my mother. She gave me the values of my life. She was one of the noblest parents I have met in my life.
So, my greatest guru was my mother. My second guru was Principal Bhave, about whom I made a mention earlier. He taught us Physics. Because it was a poor school, I remember, it had to innovate to convey to the young students the message of Science.
A2 Complete:
Complete the following sentences and write:
(i) Mashelkar was inspired by his greatest guru _______
(ii) Mashelkar studied under _______
(iii) Principal Bhave taught _______
(iv) The scholarship by _______ Trust helped him in higher education.
A3 Find the meaning:
Choose the appropriate meaning of the underlined words from the given alternatives:
(i) We moved to Mumbai and my mother did menial work.
(a) skilled
(b) hard
(c) unskilled
(d) of low status
(ii) Because it was a poor school, it had to innovate to convey to the young students the message of science.
(a) do a cheap experiment
(b) introduce new things
(c) avoid
(d) try hard
(iii) I got to do higher studies at the insistence of my mother.
(a) firm saying
(b) being inspired
(c) being inspected
(d) being instigated
(iv) That was the tough life I had.
(a) difficult
(b) soft
(c) cheap
(d) simple
A4 Match:
Match the following sentences with their tags:
| 'A' | 'B' | ||
| (i) | I stood 11th among 1,35,000 |
(a) | aren’t I? |
| (ii) | I am on the Board of Tatas | (b) | didn’t we? |
| (iii) | It was a poor school | (c) | didn’t I? |
| (iv) | We moved to Mumbai | (d) | wasn’t it? |
A5 Personal Response:
“Mother is the greatest Guru.” Discuss.
Briefly explain the following statement from the text.
“You neither travelled to the past nor the future. You were in the present experiencing a different world.”
Why did the narrator of the story want to forget the address?
Why did the author finally give up on his watch?
The text is an excerpt from Sesame and Lilies which consists of two essays, primarily, written for delivery as public lectures in 1864. Identify the features that fit the speech mode. Notice the sentence patterns.
The power of poetry lies in suggestion and understatement. Discuss this with reference to the poem.
Discuss the following in pairs or in small groups.
“Before you begin experimenting you need to perfect the technique with which you experiment.”
The significance of reading an autobiography lies in drawing lessons from another life. What is the significance of Kumudini's account for us as readers?
Read the extract and state whether the following statement is true or false. Correct the false statement.
The aroma of the ‘desi’ rice would spread around the village.
The best punishment is ‘forgiveness’. Discuss the sentence in light of the text you have read. You can make use of the following points.
(a) Forgiveness provides an opportunity to change the behaviour.
(b) Forgiveness leads to repentance.
(c) A person may commit a mistake/crime impulsively or under the force of strong emotions.
(d) ________________________
(e) ________________________
Think and answer in your own words in your notebook.
‘Live and let live’ is a famous proverb. Which lines from the poem support this proverb?
Find evidence from the lesson and write in your own words.
India has many amazing success stories.
The poem expresses feelings of serenity. Pick out expressions from the above poem that express the same.
‘Never mind faded forests, Austin’. The word ‘faded’ means to become dim or faint. The word describes the forests that have become faint or dim in appearance. Now go through the poem again and complete the table.
| Describing word | Object | Explanation |
| 1. faded | forests | The forests have become faint or dim in appearance. |
| 2. silent | ||
| 3. unfading | ||
| 4. bright |
How do we realize that animals are not feeling well?
Expansion of Idea:
Expand the following idea in about 100-150 words by using the points.
'Beauty is truth, truth beauty'.
- Meaning of the proverb
- Significance of the proverb
- Add your own points.
Expand the idea inherent in the following proverb :
Fools rush in where angels fear to tread - Alexander Pope.
Say WHY. . . . . .
Ramanujan had to be hospitalized.
Form groups and discuss the following question:
Why are the clothes compared to living things?
How are fabrics used in our daily life? List all the things that are made up of fabrics in your home. (At least 25)
Can you name different types of fabrics? Which is the most expensive fabric you know? Talk to your parents or to a textile shop assistant. Collect samples of as many types as you can and paste them into your scrapbook. Name each type.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Lysander and Demetrius fall in love with Helena as a result of the love potion.
Can you imagine life without wheels? Try and think of what life would be like if there were no wheels around.
Write about the various wheel-like objects you see at home, in school, and on the road.
Have you seen a newborn young one of an animal?
Visit a library:
Find and read stories and poems written by Edith Nesbit.
Discuss:
Is it necessary to develop a good accent? Why? What efforts can you take to improve your pronunciation? With your teacher’s help, find out how to use online dictionaries for the purpose.
Correct the following sentence using facts from the passage.
Achilles was killed by an arrow that pierced his heart.
Pick out words from the poem that describe the following. List them in Column ‘A’. Substitute each of those describing words with another word/phrase of the same meaning.
| A (Poetic words) | B (Your own words) | |
| the ‘Autumn’ | a maiden fair | |
| stars | ||
| moonlight | ||
| cooing of birds |
From the passage, find all the words and phrases used to describe the ‘monster’.
Write in your own words.
How does the poet describe his home in the second stanza?
Read: ‘The Open Window’ by H. H. Munro (Saki).
How was Gulliver taken to the city?
Discuss the following in group.
What can we do to get rid of bad habits?
List all the pairs of antonyms you find in the passage.
Identify the character or speaker.
I will tie you neck and feet together.
Answer the following question in about 100-150 word.
Describe the funny incident that caused the confusion in the house.
Based on your reading, rearrange the following sentences in the correct sequence.
- Since all her methods failed, finally she gave him a pain-killer.
- He told his aunt that Peter had no aunt, so he gave him the medicine.
- The pain-killer triggered adverse reactions on Peter.
- It jumped out of the open window.
- Tom was dull and depressed.
- This incident upset Aunt Polly and she questioned him.
- But, Tom gave that painkiller to the cat Peter.
- So, Aunt Polly tried different types of remedies on him.
Read the poem aloud in pairs
Neerja was sent to London based on______.
Grandmother had wanted the peepul tree cut down because______.
Mother called ______.
Find the rhyming word from the poem.
alike – _________
Anitha shares her experience about______.
Write the rhyming word.
Bird - ______.
The bird-catcher had a pigeon in his _______.
Every ______ they would go fishing.
Look at the picture and tick Choose the correct word.
What is the name of the girl?
Choose the correct answer.
Name the character or speaker.
"Do you have a fever?"
If we didn’t have boundaries, we don’t need _______.
Moles dig ______ to catch earth worms.
Join the word with the correct prefix.
| paid | un |
| send | dis |
| able | re |
| continue | pre |
Name the animal and sound it makes.
If the fisher draws his net soon, he won’t get ______ in the net.
Match the rhyming words.
| 1. | earn | day |
| 2. | fend | learn |
| 3. | glow | end |
| 4. | play | slow |
The fir tree was not happy with the gold leaves ______.
Enact any one anecdote in the classroom.
