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प्रश्न
Many sentences and paragraphs in the excerpt begin with the word ‘And’. To what extent does this contribute to the rhetorical style of the lecture?
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उत्तर
John Ruskin gave ‘What is a Good Book’ as a public lecture in the nineteenth century. His style of speaking is more fluid and conversational as compared to an essay. His repetitive use of ‘And’ or ‘but’ helps in explaining an idea even further. It is more spontaneous like an interaction rather than written and rewritten like an essay.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
B1. What does the poet want us to do in the following situation?
(a) While struggling ………..
(b) While making money ………
(c) While dreaming ………………
(d) While losing …………..
It's doing your job the best you can,
And being just to your fellow man;
It's making money-but holding friends,
And being true to your aims and ends.
It's figuring how and learning why,
And looking forward and thinking high;
And dreaming a little and doing much,
It's keeping always in closest touch.
With what is finest in word and deed,
It's being through, yet making speed;
It's daring blithely the field of chance,
While making labour a brave romance.
It’s going onward despite defeat
And fighting staunchly, but keeping sweet;
It's struggling on with the will to win,
But taking loss with a cheerful grin.
B2. Achieving Success
Hints given by the poet to become successful are
(a) Doing your job the best
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
B3. Poetic Device
Select the appropriate rhyme scheme for the 3rd stanza.
(1) abab
(2) aabb
(3) aaba
Chimps making their own fishing rods is an indication that
Read the following extract and do the given activities:
B.1) Fill in the Balloons with suitable ideas from the poem:
“Oh, the value of the elderly! How could anyone not know?
They hold so many keys, so many things they can show.
We all will read the other side this I firmly believe
And the elderly are closest oh what clues we could retrieve.
For their characters are closest to how we’ll be on high.
They are the ones most developed, you can see it if you try.
They’ve let go of the frivolous and kept things that are dear
The memories of so sweet, of loved ones that were near.
As a nation, we are missing our greatest true resource,
To get to know our elders and let them guide our course.”
B.2) Find Evidence:
Pick out the line from the extract which supports the given ideas:
(i) The elders have many things to share.
(ii) Everybody knows the value of elderly people.
(iii) The elderly people have vast experience.
(iv) The elderly people are a boon to the nation.
B.3) Write a pair from the extract that rhymes with the given word:
| Fear | ........................... | .......................... |
Answer the following in 200-250 words :
What are Helen's opinions about examinations?
Read the text below and summarise it.
The Great Desert Where Hippos Once Wallowed
The Sahara sets a standard for dry land. It’s the world’s largest desert. Relative humidity can drop into the low single digits. There are places where it rains only about once a century. There are people who reach the end of their lives without ever seeing water come from the sky.
Yet beneath the Sahara are vast aquifers of fresh water, enough liquid to fill a small sea. It is fossil water, a treasure laid down in prehistoric times, some of it possibly a million years old. Just 6,000 years ago, the Sahara was a much different place.
It was green. Prehistoric rock art in the Sahara shows something surprising: hippopotamuses, which need year-round water.
“We don’t have much evidence of a tropical paradise out there, but we had something perfectly liveable,” says Jennifer Smith, a geologist at Washington University in St Louis.
The green Sahara was the product of the migration of the paleo-monsoon. In the same way that ice ages come and go, so too do monsoons migrate north and south. The dynamics of earth’s motion are responsible. The tilt of the earth’s axis varies in a regular cycle — sometimes the planet is more tilted towards the sun, sometimes less so. The axis also wobbles like a spinning top. The date of the earth’s perihelion — its closest approach to the sun — varies in cycle as well.
At times when the Northern Hemisphere tilts sharply towards the sun and the planet makes its closest approach, the increased blast of sunlight during the north’s summer months can cause the African monsoon (which currently occurs between the Equator and roughly 17°N latitude) to shift to the north as it did 10,000 years ago, inundating North Africa.
Around 5,000 years ago the monsoon shifted dramatically southward again. The prehistoric inhabitants of the Sahara discovered that their relatively green surroundings were undergoing something worse than a drought (and perhaps they migrated towards the Nile Valley, where Egyptian culture began to flourish at around the same time).
“We’re learning, and only in recent years, that some climate changes in the past have been as rapid as anything underway today,” says Robert Giegengack, a University of Pennsylvania geologist.
As the land dried out and vegetation decreased, the soil lost its ability to hold water when it did rain. Fewer clouds formed from evaporation. When it rained, the water washed away and evaporated quickly. There was a kind of runaway drying effect. By 4,000 years ago the Sahara had become what it is today.
No one knows how human-driven climate change may alter the Sahara in the future. It’s something scientists can ponder while sipping bottled fossil water pumped from underground.
“It’s the best water in Egypt,” Giegengack said — clean, refreshing mineral water. If you want to drink something good, try the ancient buried treasure of the Sahara.
Staff Writer, Washington Post
Tick the item that is closest in meaning to the following phrase.
to stand on one's feet
This short story revolves around a single important event. Discuss how the narrative is woven around this central fact.
Examine the communication channels in the story between Paul and his mother.
How has the author linked the symbol of the rocking-horse to Paul's triumphs at the races?
'The author's treatment of the subject matter makes the readers identify themselves with the experience.' Comment on the statement.
Explain the contradiction in the similies, ‘Like a child from the womb, like a ghost from the tomb’.
Discuss the following in pairs or in groups of four:
Because India's tribal communities are basically bilingual there is a danger of dismissing their languages as dialects of India's major tongues.
How does 'A Kondh Song' substantiate the tribal urge to gain domination over time by conversing with their dead ancestors?
The peacock is the national bird of India. Why do you think the peacock has been chosen?
The lecture was delivered in 1864. What are the shifts in style and diction that make the language different from the way it is used today?
Interpret these phrases in the context of the essay
- Mist of protection
- At a crossroads
- It came with strings attached
Answer in your own words.
Why did the old man have no need to build the bridge, across the chasm?
Some poets do not use uniformity in rhyming words, nor a steady rhythm. Such poems with no uniformity in rhyme, rhythm, length of lines or stanzas are called Free Verse. Walt Whitman, Ezra Pound, T.S. Eliot, Rabindranath Tagore are some famous poets who have composed poems in Free Verse.
A quick glance at the poem ‘Vocation' reveals that the style used by Tagore is Free Verse.
Now turn the pages of your textbook and see if you can find other poems in Free Verse.
Read the following words :
Brigadier, Commander, capture, evicting, enemy, defense
All these words are related to war affairs and war.
Find more such words from the passage.
Make a list of words related to agriculture.
Read the poem below and fill in the gaps, choosing appropriate pairs of rhyming words, to make them meaningful.
|
Little things Little drops of water, Thus the little minutes, Little deeds of kindness, |
(love - above / sand - land / be - eternity)
Pick out a word from the poem to complete the sentence meaningfully.
Stephen Hawking was a ______ (famous) Astrophysicist.
Read the lesson and name the following.
The First successful Cardiac Surgeon ______
Discuss in groups and think about it.
List a few occasions on which you had become angry. What do you do when you are angry?
Write a short note on the following:
The living world on Rakata
Discuss and write 1-2 lines about the following,
Yonamine’s ideas about marriage.
Form groups and hold debates on the following topics. Make bulleted lists of points in favour of the topic (pros) and those against it (cons). (3-6 points each)
You should admit your mistakes.
Read the passage and answer the following:
Which book is introduced in the passage?
We find the following in the script of a skit or play. Rearrange these steps in the proper order and write them down in the form of a flow chart.
List the names of body parts used in the passage.
Form groups of 5-8. This passage tells us only what the compère says. Try to visualize and write what the other people on the dais must have said in their speeches (Write only the main points.)
- The School Principal
- The Chief Guest
- The Art teacher who offered a vote of thanks
Which lines are repeated in the poem? What do they mean?
Say whether you agree or disagree.
The children showed disinterest even in the bachelor’s story-telling, throughout.
Which season would you say is the hardest in your locality? What help would the poor and homeless people need in that season?
Name the following.
Third-time winners of the Olympic gold medal for hockey.
Think of other funny names for imaginary creatures. Write any 3 of them.
List and say whether the following statement agrees with the passage or not.
You should try to talk most of the time whenever there is a discussion.
What did the important-looking man tell Gulliver?
How did the bird try to reach its parents without having to fly?
‘ If only her son were there, it would have been a different kind of Eid’! What had happened to her son?
What did Suresh ask Usha? Why?
Imagine you are a marketing executive for a company in a specific industry (toothpaste, soup, hair care products, automobiles, etc) and are developing a product with a brand name that refers to a character from the story.
For example: You want to sell bandages that have little pictures of Don Quixote on them. Your company’s name is Kure-All and you decide to call them “Kure-All Quixote Bandages”.
The slogan might be: “Had a tough day with windmills? When you take a fall, use Kure-All.”
You can use exciting words, a catchy new slogan and a jingle among other things to promote sales of your item.
Read the story on your own. Discuss in a group and complete the story map below.
| A story map is the main events of the story given in a flow chart. |
Mother called ______.
The man destroyed ______.
What is the setting of the story?
Work in groups. Discuss and have a debate on life in bustling cities and life in calm towns.
Match the rhyming words.
| filth | farmer |
| cook | harm |
| charm | wealth |
| armour | look |
What are the three parts of a robot
Why should we read?
Write the rhyming word.
Bird - ______.
Mother nature gives everything for all ______.
At the end of the festival , Kamali and Senthil saved______.
Whose word are these? Name the character.
“Utensils made of brass and tin for sale!”
Name the things that good merchant offered for the plate
Recite the poem The Painter with correct intonation.
What was the truth finally learned by Chris?
Which creatures wake up in the morning before the child does?
Being a bachelor, the stranger had no patience with children.
William Shakespeare was one of the greatest playwrights of all time. He lived in the 16th century. Many Shakespearean plays have been written in the short-story form. Find out the names of at least 5 of Shakespearean plays.
Example: Romeo and Juliet
