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Question
Explain briefly:
Restriction enzymes and DNA
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Solution
Restriction enzymes belong to a larger class of enzymes called nucleases. They are mainly classified into two types:
- Exonucleases: They remove nucleotides from the terminal ends of the DNA molecule.
- Endonucleases: They make cuts at specific positions anywhere within the DNA molecule.
Restriction endonucleases are a specific class of endonucleases that recognise palindromic nucleotide sequences and cleave DNA at specific sites. They cut both strands of the DNA double helix at specific points to generate sticky or blunt ends, which are essential for creating recombinant DNA.
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CTTAAG
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\[\ce{5' C - T - G - C - A \overset{\downarrow}{-}{G 3'}}\]
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