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प्रश्न
Explain briefly:
Restriction enzymes and DNA
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उत्तर
Restriction enzymes belong to a larger class of enzymes called nucleases. They are mainly classified into two types:
- Exonucleases: They remove nucleotides from the terminal ends of the DNA molecule.
- Endonucleases: They make cuts at specific positions anywhere within the DNA molecule.
Restriction endonucleases are a specific class of endonucleases that recognise palindromic nucleotide sequences and cleave DNA at specific sites. They cut both strands of the DNA double helix at specific points to generate sticky or blunt ends, which are essential for creating recombinant DNA.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
How does a restriction nuclease function? Explain
Name and describe the technique that helps in separating the DNA fragments formed by the use of restriction endonuclease
Distinguish between exonuclease and endonuclease.
How does restriction endonuclease function?
Answer the following question.
Explain the significance of palindromic nucleotide sequence in the formation of recombinant DNA.
Answer the following question.
Write the use of restriction endonuclease in the formation of recombinant DNA.
Give a reason why :
Single cloning site is preferred in a vector.
The DNA fragment separated on an agarose gel can be visualized by staining with ______.
A mixture containing DNA fragments a, b, c and d, with molecular weights of a + b = c, a > b and d > c was subject to agarose get electrophoresis. This position of these fragments from cathode to anode to anode sides of the gel would be ______.
Which of the following radioisotope is not suitable for DNA labeling based studies?
There is a restriction endonudease called as EcoRI. What does co part in it stands for?
DNA strands on a gel stained with ethidium bromide when viewed under UV radiation, appear as ______
Which of the following enzymes catalyse the removal of nucleotides from the ends of DNA?
Which of the following bacteria is not a source of restriction endonuclease?
Would you choose an exonuclease while producing a recombinant DNA molecule?
What does H in’ ‘d’ and ‘III’ refer to in the enzyme Hind III?
CTTAAG
GAATTC
- What are such sequences called? Name the enzyme used that recognizes such nucleotide sequences.
- What is their significance in biotechnology?
Carefully observe the given picture. A mixture of DNA with fragments ranging from 200 base pairs to 2500 base pairs was electrophoresed on agarose gel with the following arrangement.
(a) What result will be obtained on staining with ethidium bromide? Explain with reason.
(b) The above setup was modified and a band with 250 base pairs was obtained at X.
What change(s) were made to the previous design to obtain a band at X? Why did the band appear at position X?
What is elution?
State the importance of elution in this process.
Given below is the restriction site of a restriction endonuclease Pst-I and the cleavage sites on a DNA molecule.
\[\ce{5' C - T - G - C - A \overset{\downarrow}{-}{G 3'}}\]
\[\ce{3' G\underset{\uparrow}{-} A - C - G - T - C 5'}\]
Choose the option that gives the correct resultant fragments by the action of the enzyme Pst-I.
Identify the activity of endonuclease and exonuclease in the given image.
Which of the following was the very first restriction endonuclease to be isolated and characterized?
In the standard nomenclature convention for restriction endonucleases, what do the second and third letters signify?
In the restriction endonuclease EcoRI, what do the letter 'R' and the Roman numeral 'I' represent?
During agarose gel electrophoresis, why do DNA fragments migrate toward the anode (positive electrode)?
What is the origin of agarose, the matrix most commonly used in gel electrophoresis?
