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प्रश्न
Discuss the importance of time in the narration of a story.
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उत्तर
Forster brings out the importance of time in the narration of a story. He says that time is an integral part of a story. Though its appearance is both unlovely and dull, according to the essayist, yet he exhorts us to consider it first in connection with daily life. Forster says that daily life is also full of the time sense. But in daily life one can think of any situation, even going beyond the time sequence. One can chose to think of any situation in the past or in the future without going by the strict order or sequence. This one does according to the value one attaches to a particular situation. In other words, according to Forster, daily life is practically composed of two lives-- the life in time and the life by values. Our conduct reveals a double allegiance. According to the essayist, the story narrates the life in time. In our daily life one can deny that time exists and act accordingly. But in case of a story, time sense cannot be denied otherwise it becomes unintelligible. The essayist mentions about many experiments made by the story tellers and novelists in which they wanted to narrate events by not following the exact time sequence. But these experiments failed to sway the readers. According to the essayist, the basis of a novel is a story and a story is a narrative of events in time sequence.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Answer the following in 30-40 words each:
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(b) Why could the Russian research vessel, ‘The Akademik Shokaskiy’ not move any further? What did the captain decide then?
(c) What sort of hunts did the Maharaja offer to organize for the high-ranking British officer? What trait of the officer does it reveal?
(d) What did Jo want the wizard to do when Mommy Skunk approached him?
Answer any four of the following in 30 − 40 words each:
(a) "It is his karam, his destiny." What is Mukesh's family's attitude towards their situation?
(b) What were the terms of the indigo contract between the British landlords and the Indian peasants?
(c) How will 'keeping quiet' protect our environment?
(d) Which objects of nature does Keats mention as sources of joy in his poem, 'A Thing of Beauty'?
(e) Why did the Tiger King decide to get married?
(f) What was Sadao's father's dream for him? How did Sadao realise it?
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
The term dietary fibres refers collectively to indigestible carbohydrates present in plant foods. The importance of these dietary fibres came into the picture when it was observed that the people having diet rich in these fibres, had low incidence of coronary heart disease, irritable bowel syndrome, dental caries and gall stones.
The foodstuffs rich in these dietary fibres are cereals and grains, legumes, fruits with seeds, citrus fruits, carrots, cabbage, green leafy vegetables, apples, melons, peaches, pears etc.
These dietary fibres are not digested by the enzymes of the stomach and the small intestine whereas most of other carbohydrates like starch and sugar are digested and absorbed. The dietary fibres have the property of holding water and because of it, these get swollen and behave like a sponge as these pass through the gastrointestinal tract. The fibres add bulk to the diet and increase transit time in the gut. Some of these fibres may undergo fermentation in the colon.
In recent years, it has been considered essential to have some amount of fibres in the diet. Their beneficial effects lie in preventing coronary heart disease, and decreasing cholesterol level. The fibres like gums and pectin are reported to decrease postprandial (after meals) glucose level in blood. These types of dietary fibres are recommended for the management of certain types of diabetes. Recent studies have shown that the fenugreek (Methi) seeds, which contain 40 per cent gum, are effective in decreasing blood glucose and cholesterol levels as compared to other gum containing vegetables.
Some dietary fibres increase transit time and decrease the time of release of ingested food in colon. The diet having less fibres is associated with colon cancer and the dietary fibres may play a role in decreasing the risk of it.
The dietary fibres hold water so that stools are soft, bulky and readily eliminated. Therefore high fibre intake prevents or relieves constipation.
The fibres increase motility of the small intestine and the colon and by decreasing the transit time there is less time for exposure of the mucosa to harmful toxic substances. Therefore, there is a less desire to eat and the energy intake can be maintained within the range of requirement. This phenomenon helps in keeping a check on obesity. Another reason in helping to decrease obesity is that the high-fibre diets have somewhat lower coefficients of digestibility.
The dietary fibres may have some adverse effects on nutrition by binding some trace metals like calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc and others and therefore preventing their proper absorption. This may pose a possibility of nutritional deficiency especially when diets contain marginal levels of mineral elements. This may become important constraints on increasing dietary fibres. It is suggested that an intake of 40 grams dietary fibres per day is desirable.
(Extracted from ‘The Tribune’)
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(b) Write a summary of the above in about 80 words.
Chimps making their own fishing rods is an indication that
Read the extract and do the following activities:
A1 Complete :
| Night |
Morning |
| (i) | (i) |
| (ii) | (ii) |
There was a roaring in the wind all night;
The rain came heavily and fell in floods;
But now the sun is rising calm and bright,
The birds are singing in the distant woods;
Over his own sweet voice the Stock-dove broods;
The Jay makes answer as the Magpie chatters;
And all the air is filled with pleasant noise of waters
All things that love the sun are out of doors;
The sky rejoices in the morning’s birth;
The grass is bright with raindrops-on the moors
The hare is running races in her mirth;
And with her feet she from the plashy earth
Raises a mist; that, glittering in the sun,
Runs with her all the way, wherever she doth run.
A2 What do the different birds do? Discuss.
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Give reasons for the following statement.
The article has been titled ‘Silk Road.’
Group related points.
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Discuss in pairs
Ruskin's insistence on looking intensely at words, and assuring oneself of meaning, syllable by syllable – nay, letter by letter.
How does the banyan tree stand out as different from other trees? What details of the tree does the poet highlight in the poem?
Answer in your own words.
Read and write down 5 points which prove that Tomba, (Lanthoi’s father) firmly believes in gender equality.
Think and answer in your own words in your notebook.
Why do you think God created worms? What is their ecological importance?
Answer the given question in your own words.
What message do you get from this story?
‘The city now, doth, like garment wear’. The poet imagines that the city is wearing a beautiful garment. Hence, the figure of speech is personification. Find out more examples of personification from the poem.
Complete the web with the help of adjectives used to describe eyes and nose in all respects. Two are done for you.
Go through the poem and state whether the following statement is true or false.
Planners plan to construct buildings wherever they find a place.
Go through the poem and state whether the following statement is true or false.
The newly planned city looks modern and amazingly beautiful.
Go through the poem and state whether the following statement is true or false.
Planners paint beautiful pictures of the upcoming changes in the city that charm the citizens.
Expand the idea inherent in the following proverb :
One should eat to live, not live to eat - Franklin.
Fill in the gap, choosing a word from the bracket to make an appropriate comparison.
(tall / quiet / humble / merry / busy / slippery / fast / sly / slow / big)
as ______ as a bee
Suggest what you would do in the following situation:
Your very close friend has been using a fake social media account to play pranks on others and is not ready to stop in spite of several attempts by you.
Read the passage and answer the following question:
Who designed the PVC medal?
The description of the character is given below. Identify the character from the play. Find some sentences which support your choice.
He is smart as well as brave.
Write a short monologue using one of the following ideas. Write down the monologue and present it in the class.
Bushi disguised as a bandit.
Write a conversation between a donkey and a dog.
Write the following in short:
The story of the three caskets.
How was the committee formed?
How did the students prepare for their stalls/presentations?
These two passages are examples of a short introduction to works of art - a short review. They cover the following points:
- The creator
- The theme or subject matter
- Type of art
- Individual style
- Presentation techniques
- Its effect on viewers
- Message or interpretation
Compare the points with those you used for a book review and the review of a play. Present the comparison in the form of a chart.
| Book Review | Review of a play | Review of a painting |
Which other things in nature can say –
'For men may come and men may go,
But I go on for ever.'
Correct the following sentence and rewrite it.
Papa Panov saw the sweeper, the young mother, and the beggars he had helped only once in the morning.
Guess the meaning of the following word.
pounced
When do the parents feel sorry and become unhappy?
What is a password?
Miranda was brought to the island ____________ years ago.
Read the story again and write how these character reacted in these situation:
Just wait till zigzag settles down in this new home. Visu………….................………………
Aravind and Maya…….……………….
Read the story again and write how these character reacted in these situation:
Zigzag hardly never sleeps.
Somu………………………
Dr.Krishnan……………………….
What qualities of Mr. Phileas Fogg are highlighted in this extract? Support your answer with suitable examples.
Read the line and answer the question.
And all I ask is a windy day with the white clouds flying
Why does the poet ask for a windy day?
Listen to your teacher read the first part of the story. Many things described in the story can be seen in the picture. Find and name them.
Write the story in your own words
Write a paragraph about 50 words describing the scenes that the poet passed by.
The horses were four and a half inches tall.
Complete the sentence given below with word/phrase.
The hole in the ground was filled______.
Work in pair, find answer for the question and share in the class.
Why does the poet say the ‘ Spring is pretty’?
Why did the old man disguise himself as a beggar?
Match their hobbies.
 |
swimming |
 |
cycling |
 |
gardening |
Look at the picture and Choose the correct word.
Fruits and shadows are free under the _______.
Who will be the fortunate?
The bird-catcher decided to sit under the ________.
Akilan’s passion is to learn ______.
Master trained Akilan on a ______.
What was the age of Robinson Crusoe when he left for sea?
Who showed love and care to the children?
How did they go to school?
What should we vow for?
Whose word are these? Name the character.
“I am not rich enough to buy this plate. This is a gold plate.”
Write the correct word.
| rooster, king, hen, tiger, queen, tigress. |
How did Alice reach Wonderland?
