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Urbanisation in Brazil

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Urbanisation in Brazil

  • Brazil is one of the few developing countries which is highly urbanised. Brazil's significant urbanisation is unique, and it is one of the underlying factors contributing to the country's current rapid economic growth. Today, cities house approximately 86% of the Brazilian population.
  • In Brazil, the term 'urban' is not well defined. Rapid urbanisation occurred in Brazil, primarily in the south and south-east, with Sao Paulo emerging as a major, metropolitan, and industrial area. Looking at this growth in a few areas of the country, the government is promoting a "Go West" policy that will lessen pressure on a few areas where the population is concentrated and reduce regional imbalance in the country.
  • Urbanization has occurred more in coastal states than the states in the interior of the Brazil. States such as Sao Paulo, Goias, and Minas Gerais have a higher urban population density than states in the north. Because the population in the Amazon basin and the Brazilian highlands is lower, so is urbanisation. Manus is a port on the confluence of the Negro and the Amazon in this region. Here, urbanisation has occurred.

Example

Look at the table it shows the growth of share of urban population in total population of Brazil. Draw a line graph from this table. Examine the graph carefully and answer the following questions.

Brazil percentage of urban population (1960 - 2010)

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
47.1 56.8 66 74.6 81.5 84.6
  1. What is the interval of the data?
  2. In which period did urbanisation occur rapidly?
  3. Write five sentences analysing the graph.

  1. The interval of data is 10 years.
  2. Urbanization occurred rapidly in the decade 1960 to 1970.
  3. The graph can be analysed as follows:
    1. Urbanization in Brazil grew between 1960 and 2010.
    2. Between 1960 and 1970, urbanization increased substantially, by 9.7%.
    3. Urbanization increased at the slowest rate, 3.1%, between 2000 and 2010.
    4. While urbanization increased between 1960 and 2010, it did so at a slower rate.
    5. In the upcoming years, practically all of Brazil's population will be urbanized.

Example

Observe the two satellite images given below. Describe the settlements with respect to physiography. Considering the physiography, where could these settlements be located? Find out their settlement pattern and limitations with respect to their future growth.

Both the satellite images depict the different images of the same area in a different period of time. In both instances, the area has desert-like physiography. Thus the settlements found in the region would be scattered. Scattered/dispersed settlements are those in which the habitation regions are isolated or located far away from each other. They are mostly found in the plateaus, deserts, hilly or forested areas.

The major limitations of the scattered settlement are:

  • A threat to security: Since the people residing nearby are scattered, there will be serious security issues in the area.
  • Isolation: The people residing in the area may experience isolation due to the lack of proper neighbours in the pattern of dispersed settlement.
  • Poor transportation: The transportation network in the displaced settlement will be very poor owing to the topography of the region. This will be a very serious challenge to future development.
  • Difficult to tackle emergency situations: In the scattered settlement, it becomes very difficult to get emergency relief, rescue and aid in case of any accidents or calamities.

Example

Study the choropleth map of Brazil showing the Statewise urban population of Brazil and answer the following questions.

  1. Which States (region) are the most urbanised?
  2. Which States (region) are the least urbanised?
  1. The states of Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Goias, Espirito Santo in the southeastern part of Brazil and the port Manaus in the north are the most urbanised.
  2. The states of Para, Maranhao and Piaui in northern part of Brazil are the least urbanised states.

Example

Which factors have affected urbanisation in Brazil?

  1. In Brazil, rapid urbanisation has taken place in South and South East Coastal regions.
  2. Being in proximity to the Atlantic Ocean have benefitted these regions immensely in the form of mild climatic conditions.
  3. Availability of water, fertile soil, natural minerals such as iron ore, good transport system and steady electric supply have positively impacted urbanisation in these parts.
  4. To the north of the Brazilian Highlands is the rain shadow region of ‘Drought Quadrilateral’ with sparse settlements.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 10

Key Points: Urbanisation in Brazil

  • Around 86% of Brazil’s population lives in urban areas, making it a highly urbanised developing country.
  • Urbanisation in Brazil is mainly concentrated in the South and South-East, especially in Sao Paulo.
  • The government promotes the "Go West" policy to reduce regional imbalance and population pressure.
  • Coastal states have higher urbanisation than interior states; Sao Paulo, Goias, and Minas Gerais are more urban.
  • Urbanisation is low in the Amazon Basin and the Brazilian Highlands, except in cities such as Manaus.

Related QuestionsVIEW ALL [11]

The rate of urbanization in Brazil has reduced after the ______ decade.

______ port is located on the confluence of the Negro and the Amazon.

With the help of given statistical data Prepare a simple bar graph and answer the following questions :

Percentage of Urban Population-Brazil
(1960 to 2010)

 

Years % of urban population
1960 47.1
1970 56.8
1980 66.0
1990 74.6
2000 81.5
2010 84.6

Questions-

  1. What does the above line graph show?
  2. In which decade urbanisation occurred slowly ?
  3. What was the percentage of increase in urbanisation during the period from 1980 to 1990 ?

Look at the table it shows the growth of share of urban population in total population of Brazil. Draw a line graph from this table. Examine the graph carefully and answer the following questions.

Brazil percentage of urban population (1960 - 2010)

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
47.1 56.8 66 74.6 81.5 84.6
  1. What is the interval of the data?
  2. In which period did urbanisation occur rapidly?
  3. Write five sentences analysing the graph.

Prepare a simple bar graph with the help of given statistical information and answer the questions given below-

Brazil-% of urban population

Year % of urban population
1960 47.1
1970 56.8
1980 66.0
1990 74.6
2000 81.5
2010 84.6

Questions-

  1. What is the interval of years in the data?
  2. During which year did rapid urbanization start?
  3. Write five sentences about the analysis of graph.

State whether the sentence is right or wrong. Correct the wrong ones and rewrite the sentence.

Urbanisation has occurred more in the coastal states than the states in the interior of Brazil.

Write answer in one sentence-

Which is the most urbanised state in Brazil?

Which factors have affected urbanisation in Brazil?

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