Topics
Field Visit
Location and Extent
- Introduction to India and Brazil
- Indian - Location, Size and Extent
- Brazil - Location, Size and Extent
- Historical Background of India
- Historical Background of Brazil
- Difference Between Post-Independence Characteristics of India and Brazil
Physiography and Drainage
- Map Study: Physical Divisions of India
- Map Study: Physical Divisions of Brazil
- Physical Division of India> The Himalayas
- Physical Division of India > North Indian Plains
- Physical Division of India > The Peninsula
- Physical Division of India > The Coastal Plains
- Physical Division of India > The Island Group
- Physical Division of Brazil> The Highlands
- Physical Division of Brazil> The Great Escarpment
- Physical Division of Brazil> The Coasts
- Physical Division of Brazil> The Plains
- Physical Division of Brazil> Islands
- Drainage of Brazil
- Drainage of India
Climate
- Map Study: Temperature and Rainfall Distribution (Brazil)
- Map Study: Temperature and Rainfall Overview (India)
- Temperature & Rainfall Graphs of Brazil
- Climate of Brazil
- Temperature & Rainfall Graphs of India
- Climate of India
Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
- Brazil Vegetation
- Indian Vegetation
- Map Study: Major Forest Types of India
- Brazil Wildlife
- Indian Wildlife
Population
- Map Study: India's Population Distribution
- Population of India
- Map Study: Brazil's Population Distribution
- Population in Brazil
- Population Composition of Brazil and India> Sex Ratio
- Population Composition of Brazil and India> Age and Sex Pyramid
- Population Composition of Brazil and India> Population Growth Rate
- Population Composition of Brazil and India> Life Expectancy
- Population Composition of Brazil and India> Literacy Rate
Human Settlements
Economy and Occupations
Tourism, Transport and Communication
- Map Study: Tourism Trends in Brazil and India
- Tourism in Brazil
- Tourism in India
- Brazil Transport
- India Transport
- Communication in Brazil
- Communication in India
Geography - Physical Divisions of India
Identification of Physical divisions
- Identification of Physical Divisions
Geography - North Indian Mountains
Himalayas
Associated mountains
- Concept of Associated Mountains
Geography - North Indian Plain Region
Deserts
- Desert
Western Plains
- Concept of Western Plains
Central Plains
- Concept on Central Plains
Delta region
- Concept of Delta Region
Eastern Plains
- Concept of Eastern Plains
Geography - Peninsular Plateau Region
Chhotta Nagpur Plateau
- Concept for Chhotta Nagpur Plateau
Malwa Plateau
- Concept on Malwa Plateau
Maharashtra Plateau
- Concept for Maharashtra Plateau
Karnataka Plateau
- Concept for Karnataka Plateau
Telangana Plateau
- Concept for Telangana Plateau
Geography - Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats
Eastern Ghats
- Concept on Eastern Ghats
Sahyadries
- Concept on Sahyadries
Geography - Coastal Region
- Geography - Coastal Region
Eastern coastal plain
- Coastal Region - Eastern Coastal Plain
- Concept for Western Coastal Plain
Western coastal plain
- Concept for Western Coastal Plain
Geography - Indian Islands
- Geography - Indian Islands
Eastern Islands
- Indian Islands - Eastern Islands
Western Islands
- Indian Islands - Western Islands
Geography - Practical 1
Cartography
- Concept on Cartography
Geography - Practical 2
Two dimensional diagrams
- Two Dimensional Shapes
One dimensional diagrams
- Concept on One Dimensional Diagrams
Economics - Introduction of an Economy
Introduction of an Economy
- Types of Economy
- Main Features of Economy
Economics - Basic problems of an economy solution
Solutions
Problems
- Introduction of Basic Problems of an Economy
- Problems- for Whom to Produce
- Problem - How Much to Produce
- Problem - by Whom to Produce
Economics - Inflation
Introduction
Effects of inflation
- Effects of Inflation
Measures of Inflation
- Measures of Inflation
Causes of inflation
- Causes of Inflation
Economics - Public distribution system and consumer protection
- Measures of Inflation
Public Distribution system - meaning and explanation
- Public Distribution System - Meaning and Explanation
Introduction
- Introduction of Public Distribution System and Consumer Protection
Objectives of Public Distribution system
- Objectives of Public Distribution System
Remedial Measures
- Remedial Measures Public Distribution System and Consumer Protection
Consumer Protection
- Consumer Protection - Rights and Duties of Cunsumer, Food Adulteration
Drawbacks of Public Distribution system
- Drawbacks of Public Distribution System
Progress of Public Distribution system
- Progress of Public Distribution System
Notes
Industries in India
- In India, the distribution of industries is very unbalanced. This is due in part to the unequal distribution of the required raw materials and power resources as well as the concentration of businesses, financial resources, and other requirement in big cities.
- The majority of the metallic mineral reserves are found in Jharkhand, Orissa, neighbouring Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, portions of Rajasthan, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu. Therefore, with almost all of the steel centres located here, this area, especially the north-eastern part of the peninsula, has a very high concentration of heavy metallurgical industries.
- A number of thermal power projects, cheap power from the Damodar-Valley Corporation, and the availability of large quantities of coal and refractory materials have all contributed to the benefits.
- Copper, lead, and zinc are produced in Rajasthan; steel manganese, and aluminium are produced in Karnataka; and aluminium is produced in Tamil Nadu.
- The regions that produce raw materials are heavily concentrated with agro-based industries like cotton, jute, and sugar. The forest areas of various states are home to the forest-based industries that produce things like paper, plywood, matches, resins, and lac. Coir, copra, and fish canning industries are heavily concentrated in Kerala's coastal region.
- While Mathura and Barauni refineries are located in the interior, far from the coast and oil-producing areas, Koyali, Digboi, Noonmati, and Bongaigaon refineries are located close to the petroleum producing areas. The distribution of cement industry is also highly conditioned by the availability of raw materials.
- The majority of the nation's salt is produced in Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Tamil Nadu. Many consumer industries, such as mechanical engineering, electricals, automobiles, fertiliser, and others, have popped up all over the nation, with a greater concentration in the vicinity of the major cities. These industries do not favour any particular raw material.
Example
Look at fig. Observe the logos given below and answer the following questions.
a.  |
b.  |
c.
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d.
|
|
e.
|
f.
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g.
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h.
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| Logos of Various Industries | |||
- Identify the industries with which they are associated.
- Which raw material is used for these industries. Classify them accordingly.
- From which part of India do they get these raw materials? Discuss and write.
- a. Oil and Natural Gas Corporation – Oil and natural gas exploration and production
b. Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Ltd. (RINL) – Steel production
c. Aarey – Dairy and dairy products
d. Chittaranjan Locomotive Works (CLW) – Electric locomotive manufacturing
e. Maharashtra Agro Industries Development Corporation (Limited) MAIDC – Production of pesticides, fertilizers, animal feed, agro-engineering (introducing new kinds of farm implements, sale and repair of tractors, harvesters etc.) and processing food (like jams, jellies and sauces)
f. Khadi and Village industries Commission (KVIC)-Establishment and development of khadi and village Industries in rural areas
g. Central Silk Board (CSB) – Silk production
h. Rashtriya Chemical and Fertilizers Ltd. (RCF) Chemical and fertilizer production -
Classification Industries Raw materials Agro-based industries Maharashtra Agro-industries Development Corporation Ltd. Seeds, raw materials required for the production of pesticides, fertilisers Khadi and Village Industries Commission Cotton, silk and wool Animal product-based industries Aarey Milk Central Silk Board (CSB) Silk Minerals and metal-based industries Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Crude oil and natural gas Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Ltd. (RINL) Iron ore and coal Chittaranjan Locomotive Works (CLW) Iron and steel and aluminium Rashtriya Chemical and Fertilizers Ltd. (RCF) Chemicals and different minerals - a. Iron ore, coal, limestone etc.: Chhota Nagpur plateau area of Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra etc.
b. Natural Gas: Krishna-Godavari Basin, Mumbai High in Arabian Sea
c. Mineral Oil: Mumbai High in Arabian sea, Digboi in Assam, Ankleshwar in Gujarat
d. Milk: Bihar, Tamil Nadu, Haryana, Maharashtra, Punjab, Gujarat etc.
e. Cotton: Gujarat, Maharashtra, Telangana, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh
f. Silk: Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Jammu and Kashmir
Maharashtra State Board: Class 10
Key Points: Industries in India
- Industries in India are unevenly distributed due to unequal availability of raw materials, power, and infrastructure.
- Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and nearby areas have many metallic mineral reserves, supporting heavy industries like steel.
- Agro-based industries like cotton, jute, and sugar are located near raw material sources, while forest-based industries are found in forested regions.
- Oil refineries are located both near oil-producing areas (e.g., Digboi, Koyali) and inland (e.g., Mathura, Barauni).
- Industries like cement, salt, and consumer goods are located based on raw material availability and are concentrated around big cities.
Related QuestionsVIEW ALL [4]
Look at fig. Observe the logos given below and answer the following questions.
| a. |
b. |
c.
|
d.
|
|
e.
|
f.
|
g.
|
h.
|
| Logos of Various Industries | |||
- Identify the industries with which they are associated.
- Which raw material is used for these industries. Classify them accordingly.
- From which part of India do they get these raw materials? Discuss and write.
