Topics
Nature and Significance of Management
- Case Study: Tata Group – Excellence in Management
- Concept of Management
- Characteristics of Management
- Objectives of Management
- Importance of Management
- Nature of Management
- Management as an Art
- Management as a Science
- Management as a Profession
- Levels of Management
- Functions of Management
- Coordination as an Essence of Management
- Management in the Twenty-First Century
Principles and Functions of Management
Business Finance and Marketing
Principles of Management
- Case Study: Toyota's Guiding Principles of Management
- Evolution of Management Principles
- Concept of Management Principles
- Nature of Management Principles
- Significance of Management Principles
- Taylor's Scientific Management Theory
- Principles of Scientific Management
- Techniques of Scientific Management> Functional Foremanship
- Techniques of Scientific Management> Standardisation and Simplification of Work
- Techniques of Scientific Management> Differential Piece Wage System
- Fayol’s Principles of Management
- Comparison of Taylor's and Fayol’s Principles.
Business Environment
- Case Study: Dharamveer Kamboj's Entrepreneurial Journey
- Concept of Business Environment
- Importance of Business Environment
- Dimensions of Business Environment
- External Factors> Economic Environment
- External Factors> Social Environment
- External Factors> Technological Environment
- External Factors> Political Environment
- External Factors> Legal Environment
- Economic Environment in India
- The 1991 Economic Crisis and Reforms
- Liberalisation
- Privatisation
- Globalisation
- Demonetisation
Planning
Organising
- Case Study: Wipro's Organisational Restructuring for Growth
- Organising
- Steps in the Process of Organising
- Importance of Organising
- Structure of Organisation
- Types of Organisation Structure > Functional Structure
- Types of Organisation Structure > Divisional Structure
- Comparison Between Functional Structure and Divisional Structure
- Formal Organisation
- Informal Organisation
- Comparison between Formal Organisation and Informal Organisation
- Concept of Delegation of Authority
- Concept of Decentralization
- Comparison Between Delegation and Decentralization
Staffing
- Case Study: Management of Human Resources at Infosys
- Staffing
- Staffing as Part of Human Resource Management
- Evolution of Human Resource Management
- Staffing Process
- Aspects of Staffing > Recruitment
- Sources of Recruitment
- Internal Sources
- External Sources
- Aspects of Staffing > Selection
- Aspects of Staffing > Training and Development
- Methods of Training
Directing
- Case Study: Leadership Development at Ford Motor Company
- Directing
- Principles of Directing
- Elements of Directing
- Supervision
- Motivation
- Motivation> Motivation Process
- Motivation> Importance of Motivation
- Motivation > Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory of Motivation
- Motivation> Financial and Non-Financial Incentives
- Leadership
- Communication
- Communication> Formal Communication
- Communication> Informal Communication or Grapevine
- Barriers to Communication
- Improving Communication Effectiveness
Controlling
Financial Management
- Case Study: Tata Steel–Corus Acquisition
- Concept of Business Finance
- Concept of Financial Management
- Financial Decisions> Investment Decision
- Financial Decisions> Financing Decision
- Financial Decisions> Dividend Decision
- Concept of Financial Planning
- Importance of Financial Planning
- Capital Structure
- Factors affecting the Choice of Capital Structure
- Fixed Capital
- Working Capital
Financial Markets
- Concept of Financial Market
- Money Market
- Capital Market
- Primary Market
- Secondary Market/Stock Exchange
- Distinction Between Capital Market and Money Market
- Distinction between Primary and Secondary Market
- Functions of Stock Exchange
- Trading Procedure of Stock Exchange
- Depository Services
- Demat System
- Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
Marketing Management
- Concept of Marketing
- Concept of Marketing Management
- Marketing vs. Selling
- Marketing Management Philosophies
- Functions of Marketing
- Concept of Marketing Mix
- Marketing Mix> Product
- Classification of Products> Consumer Products
- Classification of Products> Industrial Products
- Branding
- Packaging
- Labelling
- Marketing Mix> Pricing
- Marketing Mix> Physical Distribution
- Marketing Mix> Promotion
- Promotion Mix
- Advertising
- Personal Selling
- Sales Promotion
- Public Relations
- Distinction Between Advertising and Personal Selling
Marketing
- Concept of Financial Market
- Types of Financial Market
- Money Market
- Capital Market
- Primary Market
- Secondary Market/Stock Exchange
- Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
- Distinction Between Capital Market and Money Market
- National Stock Exchange of India (NSE)
- Overview of Marketing
Consumer Protection
- Case Study: Consumer Protection in Banking Services
- Concept of Consumer Protection
- Importance of Consumer Protection
- Consumer Protection Act, 2019
- Concept of Consumer
- Consumer Rights
- Responsibilities of Consumers
- Ways and Means of Consumer Protection
- Redressal Agencies Under The Consumer Protection Act
- Role of Consumer Organisations and NGO's
- Overview of Consumer Protection
Estimated time: 11 minutes
CBSE: Class 12
CISCE: Class 12
CISCE: Class 12
Introduction
- Internal sources of recruitment consist of the people who are working or have worked in the enterprise.
- It is the process of finding employees from the existing work force of the organisation.
CBSE: Class 12
CISCE: Class 12
CISCE: Class 12
Types of Internal Sources
- Promotion – Moving an employee from a lower job to a higher job with more pay, status, and responsibilities.
- Transfer – Shifting an employee to a similar job in another factory/branch without change in pay, status, or responsibilities.
- Ex-employees – Rehiring people who previously worked in the company.
- Recommendations by employees – Recruiting applicants introduced by existing employees (relatives, friends), sometimes via union agreements.
CBSE: Class 12
CISCE: Class 12
CISCE: Class 12
Merits
- Motivation & morale: Promotion opportunities motivate employees and improve morale.
- Reduces turnover & absenteeism: Employees wait for promotions, reducing tendency to leave.
- Cheaper recruitment: Information about candidates already available; lower cost.
- No induction training needed: Internal candidates already know the organisation.
- Simpler selection & placement: Candidates are known; selection is more reliable.
- Acts as training: Transfers prepare employees for higher responsibilities.
- Balances workforce: Transfers help move staff from surplus to shortage departments.
-
Loyalty & satisfaction: Promotion prospects foster loyalty among employees.
CBSE: Class 12
CISCE: Class 12
CISCE: Class 12
Demerits
- Inbreeding: Lack of fresh talent and new ideas enters the organisation.
- Limited choice: May lead to unsuitable promotions due to restricted candidate pool.
- Lethargy: Employees may become lethargic if promotions are time-bound and guaranteed.
- Cannot fill all vacancies: External recruitment is still needed; internal sources are insufficient alone.
- Hampers competitive spirit: Healthy internal competition may be reduced.
- Reduced productivity: Frequent transfers may negatively affect productivity.
CBSE: Class 12
CISCE: Class 12
CISCE: Class 12
Key Points: Internal Sources
- Internal sources recruit from within the organisation – no outsiders involved.
- The four types are promotion, transfer, ex-employees, and recommendations.
- NCERT focuses on only two types: transfer (horizontal) and promotion (vertical).
- Transfers involve no change in pay, status, or responsibilities.
- Promotions involve greater responsibilities, pay, facilities, and status.
- Key merit: cheaper, faster, and familiar candidates with no induction required.
- Key demerit: in-breeding and inability to fill all vacancies internally.
