Topics
Introduction to Corporate Finance
- Finance
- Corporate Finance
- Capital Requirements
- Capital Structure
Business Finance
- Concept of Finance in Business
- Role and Objectives of Financial Management
- Importance of Financial Planning
- Capital Structure
- Fixed Capital
- Factors Affecting Fixed and Working Capital Requirements
Sources of Corporate Finance
- Sources of Corporate Finance
- Sources of Owned Capital
- Shares
- Retained Earnings
- Sources of Borrowed Capital
- Concept of Debentures
- Acceptance of Deposits
- Bonds
- American Depository Receipt (ADR)
- Global Depository Receipts (GDRs)
- Commercial Banks
- Financial Institutions
- Trade Credit
Sources of Business Finance
- Nature and Significance: Financial Requirements and Sources
- Methods of Raising Finance
- Concept of Shares
- Retained Profits
- Public Deposits
- Loans from Commercial Banks and Financial Institutions
- Sources of Business Finance - Trade Credit
- Accounting Treatment> Discounting the Bill of Exchange
- Global Depository Receipts (GDRs)
- Meaning of American Depository Receipt (ADR)
Issue of Shares
- Terms of Issue of Shares> Issue of Shares at Par
- Shareholder's Fund> Share Capital of a Company
- Allotment of Shares
- Share Certificate
- Over Subscription of Shares
- Forfeiture of Shares
- Surrender of Shares
- Transfer of Shares
- Transmission of Shares
Role of a Secretary in the Capital Formation Part 1
Role of a Secretary in the Capital Formation Part 2
- Issue of Debentures with Terms of Redemption
- Deposits
- Depositories and Dematerialization of Securities - Meaning
- Importance of Depositories and Dematerialization of Securities
- Procedure of Depositories and Dematerialization of Securities
- Secretarial Duties in Issuing Securities in Dematerialized Form
Issue of Debentures
- Regulations Governing Issue of Debentures
- Provisions for Issue of Debentures as per Companies Act, 2013
- Provisions for Issue of Debentures as per Companies (Share Capital and Debentures) Rule 2014
- Requirements as per SEBI
- Procedure for Issue of Debentures
- Debentures Trustees
Declaration and Payment of Dividend
- Meaning of Dividend
- Provisions Related to Ascertainment of Dividend
- Declaration of Dividend and Payment of Dividend
- Procedure of Payment of Dividend
- Provisions Regarding Unpaid / Unclaimed Dividend
- Interim and Final Dividend
Deposits
- Acceptance of Deposits
- Terms and Conditions for Acceptance of Deposits
- Procedure for Accepting Deposits from Public
- Procedure for Accepting Deposit from Members
Correspondence of Company Secretary with Members, Debenture Holders and Depositors
- Allotment of Shares
- Regret Letter
- Lodgement Notice
- Approval / Refusal of Transfer of Shares
- Issue of Bonus Shares
- Distribution of Dividend - Notice
- Company Secretary - Redemption of Debentures
- Company Secretary - Allotment of Debentures
- Company Secretary - Conversion of Debentures into Shares
- Payment of Interest on Debentures
- Letter Thanking the Investor for Deposits
- Company Secretary - Payment of Interest (Basic Information of TDS to Be Given)
- Company Secretary - Renewal of Deposits
- Company Secretary - Repayment of Deposits
Correspondence with Members
- Precautions to Be Taken by the Secretary While Corresponding with Members
- Circumstances Under Which a Secretary Has to Enter into Correspondence with Members
- Specimen Letters
Financial markets
- Concept of Financial Market
- Distinction Between Capital Market and Money Market
- Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
- Secondary Market/Stock Exchange
- Major Stock Exchanges in India (BSE, NSE, DSE, ASE)
Correspondence with Debentureholders
- Precautions to Be Taken by the Secretary While Corresponding with Debenture Holders
- Circumstances Under Which a Secretary Has to Enter into Correspondence with Debenture Holders
- Correspondence with Debentureholders - Specimen Letters
Correspondence with Depositors
- Precautions to Be Taken by the Secretary While Corresponding with Depositors
- Circumstances Under Which a Secretary Has to Enter into Correspondence with Depositors
- Correspondence with Depositors - Specimen Letters
Depository System
- Depository System
- Constituents of Depository System
- Concepts/Terms Related to Depository System
- Functioning of Depository System
- Depositories in India
Dividend and Interest
- Dividend
- Legal Provisions on Dividend
- Unpaid and Unclaimed Dividend
- Modes of Payment of Dividend
- Interim Dividend
- Interest
Financial Market
- Concept of Financial Market
- Functions of Financial Market
- Types of Financial Market
- Money Market
- Capital Market
Stock Exchange
- Secondary Market/Stock Exchange
- Functions of Stock Exchange
- Major Stock Exchanges in India
- Important Terms Related to Stock Exchange
- Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
Estimated time: 11 minutes
CBSE: Class 12
Meaning
- Fixed assets last more than one year (e.g., plant & machinery, land & building, vehicles).
- Current assets convert into cash within one year (e.g., inventories, debtors, bills receivable).
CBSE: Class 12
Management of Fixed Capital
- Fixed capital = investment in long-term assets; decisions are called capital budgeting / investment decisions.
- Must be financed through long-term sources (equity, preference shares, debentures, long-term loans, retained earnings).
- Fixed assets should never be financed through short-term sources.
- Covers expenditure on acquisition, expansion, modernisation, replacement, major advertising, and R&D.
CBSE: Class 12
Importance of Capital Budgeting Decisions
- Long-term growth – Funds invested affect future prospects of the business.
- Large funds involved – Substantial capital is blocked; requires detailed analysis including source and cost of funds.
- Risk – Affects overall business risk and long-term returns of the firm.
- Irreversible – Once taken, reversal causes heavy losses; requires careful evaluation.
CBSE: Class 12
Factors Affecting Fixed Capital Requirement
- Nature of Business: Trading firms need less; manufacturing firms need more
- Scale of Operations: Larger scale = higher fixed capital.
- Choice of Technique: Capital-intensive = more; Labour-intensive = less.
- Technology Upgradation: Fast obsolescence (e.g., computers) = higher replacement need.
- Growth Prospects: Higher expected growth = higher fixed capital.
- Diversification: Adding new lines of business increases fixed capital.
- Financing Alternatives: Leasing reduces need for outright purchase, lowering fixed capital.
- Level of Collaboration: Shared facilities reduce each firm's fixed asset investment.
CBSE: Class 12
Key Points: Fixed Capital
- Fixed capital is the investment in long-term assets, while current assets are converted into cash within one year.
- Fixed capital decisions (capital budgeting) involve acquiring, expanding, replacing, or modernising fixed assets.
- Fixed assets should be financed through long-term sources, not short-term funds.
- Capital budgeting is important because it involves large investments, long-term growth, risk, and irreversible decisions.
- Fixed capital requirements depend on the nature and scale of business, technology, growth prospects, and diversification.
- Leasing and collaboration can reduce the need for fixed capital investment.
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Related QuestionsVIEW ALL [36]
Match the pairs
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Group A |
Group B |
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a. Fixed Capital |
1. Owned Capital |
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b, Overdraft facility |
2. Bearer document |
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c. Share certificate |
3. Investment in fixed assets |
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d. Debentures |
4. Current Account |
|
e. Return on shares |
5. Application Money |
|
|
6. Dividend |
|
7. Investment in current assets |
|
|
8. Borrowed capital |
|
|
9. Savings Account |
|
|
10. Registered Document |
