Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
What distinguishes the tribal imagination from the secular imagination?
Advertisements
उत्तर
The tribal imagination is, according to the author, dreamlike and hallucinatory. It admits fusion between various planes of existence and levels of time in a natural way. These characteristics distinguish the tribal imagination from the secular imagination. In tribal stories, oceans fly in the sky as birds, mountains swim in the water as fish, animals speak as humans and stars grow like plants. In tribal imagination, stars, seas, mountains, trees, men and animals, can be angry, sad or happy.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Answer any four of the following in 30 − 40 words each:
(a) "It is his karam, his destiny." What is Mukesh's family's attitude towards their situation?
(b) What were the terms of the indigo contract between the British landlords and the Indian peasants?
(c) How will 'keeping quiet' protect our environment?
(d) Which objects of nature does Keats mention as sources of joy in his poem, 'A Thing of Beauty'?
(e) Why did the Tiger King decide to get married?
(f) What was Sadao's father's dream for him? How did Sadao realise it?
Big male elephants throw logs at electric fences because
Attempt a character sketch of Squire Cass.
Read the passage and complete the activities given below
B1 Complete the table :
A few facts about the Mehendi rituals during marriage ceremonies are given below :
Write them into appropriate columns :
(i) A simple family affair.
(ii) Song and dance performances accompanied by lavish food and entertainment.
(iii) Creative family members, apply Mehendi to the bride.
(iv) Beauticians are appointed to apply Mehendi to the bride.
Fill in the table as :
| Yesteryears | Present times |
| (i) | (i) |
| (ii) | (ii) |
Mehendi enjoys special attention during the wedding. In India, the day before the wedding is devoted exclusively to the elaborate ritual of applying Mehendi on the hands and feet of the bride. This practice is followed in Arab countries as well, except that it is held a few days prior to the wedding day. Songs are woven around the healing properties and lucky omens associated with mehndi are sung by the bride’s family and friends. An age-old belief handed down to generations lays great emphasis on the color of the bride’s Mehendi – a darker color suggests bountiful love and affection from the future in-laws and husband, and for this reason, brides take the pain to ensure that only the best quality henna is used for her wedding day.
The ritual of adorning the bride with henna is a sacred one and in some communities requires the initiation by the mother-in-law. A popular game during marriage function is the search for their names, by the bride and groom hidden within the elaborate pattern on the bride’s hands.
In certain parts of India, the bridegroom has his hands decorated with henna. The Mehendi function during marriages has evolved from simple family affairs of yesteryears to elaborate events of today. A lavish spread of food and entertainment in the form of song and dance performances have transformed it from a small function to a gala prelude. In earlier days, the task of applying Mehendi on the bride was the sole prerogative of creative family members. The demand for intricate and different style now, sees this job outsourced to beauticians skilled in this art. Beauty salons charge according to the style and complexity of pattern desired by the clients.
B2 What is the age-old belief related to the bride’s Mehendi color and its significance?
B3 Find the words :
Find the words from the passage :
| Noun | Verd | Adjectives |
| (i) attention | attend | _______________ |
| (ii) creation | _________________ | creative |
A lot of money is spent nowadays on marriage ceremonies. What is your opinion about it?
Notice these expressions in the text. Infer their meaning from the context.
-
the thought was almost revolting
-
an expanse of pure white serenity
-
a turning-point
-
accepted her seclusion with resignation
-
a veritable bedlam of chirrupings
-
frivolous rebukes
-
the sagging skins of the dilapidated drum
Briefly explain the following statement from the text.
“You neither travelled to the past nor the future. You were in the present experiencing a different world.”
Discuss the following in pairs or in groups of four:
'It is time to realise that unless we modify the established notion of literature as something written, we will silently witness the decline of various Indian oral traditions'
Read the following statement and mark those that apply to you.
I have cordial relationships with all but I cannot connect with anyone.
Discuss with your partner and describe the atmosphere in the woods when Mrs. Adis didn’t hand over Peter Crouch to the keepers because -
- _________________
- _________________
- _________________
Answer in your own words.
In what ways is Ashangbi different from other women of her community?
The special thread for kite - flying is sharpened by adding sugar and glass pieces.
Think and answer in your own words.
'Beauty' in stanza 5 to 6 can refer to a beautiful maiden as well as nature itself. Explain when and how nature ‘dances’ and also 'smiles'.
Think and answer in your own words.
Why does the poet call our life ‘poor’?
Discuss in your class.
How can we take help of robots in our daily life?
Draw a character sketch of Oberon as an enemy of his wife but a friend of the lovers.
Correct the given sentence with justification.
The play is restricted to only a part of the woods.
Explain the following statement with reference to the context.
And then, once the ring's broken, we'll get to work and show the public every day just how incompetent the Mayor is!
Discuss the following question after you have seen a presentation of the ‘ad’.
How many times is the name Krispy Krunchy repeated in the ad? Why?
Discuss the following questions after you have seen a presentation of the ‘ad’.
Can you become fair in five days? How long will the effect of the cream last?
Collect as many pictures as you can, or draw diagrams of all the sources you have listed above. Make a scrapbook using them.
Visit a library: Find poems about animals. Copy them and recite them to your friends.
Write any three of the silly remarks made by the characters other than Alice. Write why you think the remark is silly.
Write a review of your favorite book. Use the following points:
- Title of the book
- Author/Authors
- The central idea or story
- The important characters
- Some special features of the book
- Why it is your favourite book.
Identify one example of a main clause and one example of a dependent clause from the content below:
Troy was filled with the sight of leaping flames and the sound of shouting and the noise of weapons and the cries of weeping women. The sleeping Trojans sprang out of their beds, but they were taken by surprise. Their enemies were right inside their walls, and many of the Trojans were killed before they could put on their armour and seize their weapons.
A bright light lit up the night sky as palaces and houses, temples and towers, went up in flames. The Trojans fought as well as they could, but it was all in vain. Old King Priam was killed with all his brave sons. Hector’s wife and his old mother and sister were carried off as slaves by the conquerors. Their fate was in contrast to Helen’s when King Menelaus rushed through the city, looking for her, and found her in her palace. She hung her head in shame and sorrow as she faced her former husband. Her voice was choked with emotion and she could not speak. But Menelaus forgave her and she went back with him, for it was only Aphrodite who had turned her heart away from her home and her husband and her child.
When morning came, nothing was left of the proud, rich city that had resisted attack for ten years.
The Emperor says he had realised earlier that Abdul has great talent. Does this tally with his actions? Give your opinion.
From any collection of classic poetry or the internet, find another famous poem by Robert Frost titled ‘Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening’. Try to understand the symbolism used in that poem in 8-10 lines.
List the phrases which have the expression 'many a ______'.
From the poem, find the old word used for each of the following :
- towards
- here
- does
What do you notice about the following pairs of words?
- act naturally
- liquid gas
- open secret
- sound of silence
- sweet sorrow
- original copy
- only choice
- growing smaller
Fill in the blank choosing the appropriate word/idiom from the lesson.
As soon as I ______ of my home, I greet my family.
List and say whether the following statement agrees with the passage or not.
You should try to talk most of the time whenever there is a discussion.
List the polite expressions we use such as ‘Pardon’.
Find two examples of the following from the lesson.
A Statement
Guess the meaning of the following word.
beautify
Read the following line from the poem and answer the question given below.
Let us learn to walk with a smile and a song,
No matter if things do sometimes go wrong;
- What does the poet expect everyone to learn?
- What should we do when things go wrong sometimes?
What kind of learning brings joy to you?
They may have______ in______.
- soft
- vain
- fear
- joy
- love
- heard
- toiled
- mild
- good
- sand
- life
- harsh
Read these lines and answer the questions given below.
Where the voice of the wind calls our wandering feet
Whose ‘Wandering feet’ is referred to here?
Who came to India from Portugal in search of pepper?
Read the questions related to the three sports stars you have read about and tick the appropriate boxes.
 |
 |
 |
|
| 1. Who won the Olympic 2016 silver medal in badminton? | |||
| 2. Who is the role model for her siblings? | |||
| 3. Whose mother tongue is Tamil? | |||
| 4. Whose attitude is 'never-say-die spirit'? | |||
| 5. Which player works in the Police Department? | |||
| 6. Which player holds the record for the highest individual score in cricket? |
Identify the speaker/character.
They somehow managed to put him on the platform.
Complete the sentence given below with word/phrase.
The buffalo ______ in the hole.
The boy was rather unsympathetic to his sister.
How did the aliens know the boys' language?
Why don’t we use chemicals?
Why did Yazhini want to join the military?
Which place was the last stand of the Indian army?
What day is it?
What does a DIY kid refer to?
The hut was very ______.
Choose the correct option from the given homophones.
The wind ______off the leaves.
Match the words with the pictures.
| Robinson |  |
| cannibals |  |
| Friday |  |
| footprint |  |
Answer using Yes or No and pick sentence from the story to support your answer.
Was Robinson alone in the island?
Like whom did they want to do?
Match the rhyming words.
| pale | knows |
| boat | gale |
| goes | goat |
How does a friend support us?
Who helped Tenzin in learning English words?
Write the related words as shown in the example:
Read the passage below:
| 1. | Our history makes it evident that the Indian Plastics Industry made a vigorous beginning in 1957 but it took more than 30 years for it to pervade Indian lifestyles. In 1979, "the market for plastics' was just being seeded by the state-owned Indian Petro-Chemicals and it was only in 1994 that plastic soft drink bottles became a visible source of annoyance. |
| 2. | In the same year, people in other cities were concerned about the state of public sanitation and also urged regulatory bodies to ban the production, distribution and use of plastic bags. However, the challenge was greater than it appeared at first. |
| 3. |
The massive generation of plastic waste in India is due to rapid urbanisation, spread of retail chains, plastic packaging from grocery to food and vegetable products, to consumer items and cosmetics. The projected high growth rates of GDP and continuing rapid urbanisation suggest that India's trajectory of plastic consumption and plastic waste is likely to increase.
|
| 4. | According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) report of 2018, India stands among few other countries like France, Mongolia and several African countries that have initiated total or partial nationallevel bans on plastics in their jurisdictions. On World Environment Day in 2018, India vowed to phase out single-use plastics by 2022, which gave a much needed impetus to bring this change |
| 5. | In this context, thereafter ten states (Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya, Odisha, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu) are currently sending their collected waste to cement plants for co-processing, twelve other states/UTs are using plastic waste for polymer bitumen road construction and still four other states are using the plastic waste for waste-to-energy plants and oil production. A world of greater possibilities has now opened up to initiate appropriate and concrete actions to build up the necessary institutions and systems before oceans turn, irreversibly into a thin soup of plastic. |
| 6. | However there is no one single masterstroke to counter the challenges witnessed by the staggering plastic waste management in the country. The time is now to formulate robust and inclusive National Action Plans and while doing so, the country will establish greater transparency to combat the plastic jeopardy in a more sustainable and holistic way. |
Based on your understanding of the passage answer any six out of the seven questions given below:
- What does the writer mean by 'visible source of annoyance'?
- Why did people demand a ban on plastics?
- What created a demand for plastics in India?
- With reference to the graph write one conclusion that can be drawn about the production of plastics in 2019 (approximately).
- What does the upward trend of the graph indicate?
- What does the line, oceans turning 'irreversibly into a thin soup of plastic', suggest?
- What step must be taken to combat the challenges of plastic waste management? What will be its impact?
