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कर्नाटक बोर्ड पी.यू.सी.पीयूसी विज्ञान 2nd PUC Class 12

Describe briefly the following: Downstream processing

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प्रश्न

Describe briefly the following:

Downstream processing

लघु उत्तर
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उत्तर

The product prepared by biotechnology is subjected to several processes before it is sent to the market. These processes include separation and purification and are collectively called downstream processing. The product is formulated with appropriate preservatives. In the case of drugs, such formulations are put through clinical trials. Every product also requires specific quality control tests. Downstream processing and quality control tests vary for different products.

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पाठ 9: Biotechnology : Principles and Processes - EXERCISES [पृष्ठ १७६]

APPEARS IN

एनसीईआरटी Biology [English] Class 12
पाठ 9 Biotechnology : Principles and Processes
EXERCISES | Q 10. (c) | पृष्ठ १७६
नूतन Biology [English] Class 12 ISC
पाठ 11 Principles and Processes of Biotechnology
NCERT EXERCISES WITH ANSWERS | Q 9. (iii) | पृष्ठ ५३५

संबंधित प्रश्‍न

Can you list 10 recombinant proteins which are used in medical practice? Find out where they are used as therapeutics (use the internet).


From what you have learnt, can you tell whether enzymes are bigger or DNA is bigger in molecular size? How did you know?


Can you recall meiosis and indicate at what stage recombinant DNA is made?


Prepare a flow chart in formation of recombinant DNA by the action of restriction endonuclease enzyme EcoRI.


Describe the process of amplification of the “gene of interest” using the PCR technique.


In a pathological lab, a series of steps were undertaken for finding the gene of interest. Describe the steps, or make a flow chart showing the process of amplification of this gene of interest.


Which of the following term used for defining a viral genome incorporated into host DNA?


DNA fragments generated by the restriction endonuclease in a chemical reaction can be separated by ______.


PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism are the methods for ______.


A single strand of nucleic acid tagged with a radioactive molecule is called ______.


Gene Amplification using primers can be done by ______.


PCR proceeds mthree distinct steps governed by temperature, they are in order of ______.


The first step in recombinant DNA technology is


In addition to the Taq polymerase enzyme, which other thermostable DNA polymerases have been isolated to be used in PCR?


In PCR, primers are used for ______.


During the purification process for recombinant DNA technology, the addition of chilled ethanol precipitates out ______.


Rising of dough is due to ______.


An antibiotic resistance gene in a vector usually helps in the selection of ______.


Which of the following should be chosen for best yield if one were to produce a recombinant protein in large amounts?


How is copy number of the plasmid vector related to yield of recombinant protein?


While doing a PCR, ‘denaturation’ step is missed. What will be its effect on the process?


Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow:

Biotechnology revolves around the "gene of interest", with an objective to open various avenues for human welfare in health, medicine, pharma, agriculture etc. using different techniques, tools and processes. One of the breakthroughs of biotechnology in medicine is the gene therapy.
  1. Name the human disease for which the gene therapy was used for the first time.
  2. Explain the steps of gene therapy carried to cure the disease using the lymphocytes of the patient. Why is this therapy not a permanent cure of the disease?
  3. Write the possible permanent cure of the disease by the gene therapy that is in progress. 

Assertion (A): Synthetic oligonucleotide polymers are used during Annealing in a PCR.

Reason (R): The primers bind to the double stranded DNA at their complementary regions.


Bioreactors are the containment vehicles of any biotechnology-based production process. For large scale production and for economic reasons the final success of biotechnological process depends on the efficiency of the bioreactor.

Answer the following questions w.r.t. the given paragraph:

  1. List the operational guidelines that must be adhered to so as to achieve optimisation of the bioreactor system. Enlist any four.
  2. Mention the phase of the growth we refer to in the statement "Optimisation of growth and metabolic activity of the cells".
  3. Is the biological product formed in the bioreactor suitable for the intended use immediate? Give reason in support of your answer.

Identify the part of a bio-reactor which is used as a foam braker from the given figure.


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