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प्रश्न
The three stanzas depict three different phases. What are they?
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उत्तर
The first stanza refers to the childhood days of the poet’s mother when she was twelve years old or so. The stanza depicts a photograph of her mother when she went for a beach holiday with her cousins and uncle.
The second stanza refers to the poet’s childhood days when her mother had become an adult. It depicts her mother recalling her childhood days while looking at the old photograph of hers (mentioned in the first stanza).
In the last stanza, the poet’s adult life is described in which her mother is not with her anymore. She has been dead for almost twelve years. The stanza depicts the poet’s looking at the same photograph and recollecting her mother’s laughter. The loss of her mother puts her in utter grief. She has no words to describe the terrible pain of her mother’s death.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Answer any four of the following in 30 − 40 words each:
(a) "It is his karam, his destiny." What is Mukesh's family's attitude towards their situation?
(b) What were the terms of the indigo contract between the British landlords and the Indian peasants?
(c) How will 'keeping quiet' protect our environment?
(d) Which objects of nature does Keats mention as sources of joy in his poem, 'A Thing of Beauty'?
(e) Why did the Tiger King decide to get married?
(f) What was Sadao's father's dream for him? How did Sadao realise it?
(a) crushing/destructive (pars 1)
(b) used to (pare 2)
(c) searching (pare 4)
Read the following passage and do the activities:
B1 Match:
Match the areas given in Column ‘A’ with the description of Mehendi design given in Column ‘B’:
| 'A' | 'B" | ||
| (i) | North African | (a) | A mix of Indo-Pakistani and Arabic design |
| (ii) | Indian | (b) | Delicate loops and curves, paisleys, teardrops |
| (iii) | Arabic | (c) | Geometrical images |
| (iv) | South Asian | (d) | Local textiles, paintings, and architecture |
Henna comes from the leaves of the plant Lawsonia inertias. The plant grows in hot and dry climes and is native to North Africa, the Indian subcontinent and the Middle East. The leaves of the plant are dried and crushed to powder. Various additives such as coffee decoction, tea, lime juice, Mehendi and eucalyptus oil are mixed with the henna powder to increase the potency of the dry, this also helps to bind the powder to a paste-like consistency. The mixture is applied through cones in intricate patterns depending on the region of use.
Album of Patterns
Four major styles can be found in the vast dictionary of Mehendi designs. Earlier the application was restricted to hand and feet, but the adoption of Mehendi by different cultures throughout the world has seen experimentation on different body parts including the neck naval and back.
North African patterns rely on geometrical images to trace the shape of hands and feet, Arabic designs borrow heavily from local textiles, paintings, and architecture. These are more spaced out, to allow the design to stand out boldly from the skin parts left untouched by henna. The Indian style comprises of delicate loops and curves, paisleys, teardrops and flowers that give a dainty filigreed glow-like effect. Though intricate patterning is the name of the game today, this trend took off in India only during the 20th century. The patterns preferred by the South Asian countries are mixed with Indo-Pakistani and Arabic design schemes. Chinese and Celtic symbols now find a place in the vast repertoire of Mehendi designs as well.
B2 Complete:
Complete the following and write:
(i) The procedure before applying henna _______
(ii) The reasons for using additives _______
(iii) The suitable climatic conditions for the henna plant _______
(iv) Mehendi is used on _______
B3 Find words:
Look at the following description and find out proper words from the passage and write:
(i) Existing naturally in the place : - n _______
(ii) Consist of something: - c _______
(iii) Delicate decoration made from gold, silver and copper wire: - f _______
(iv) Substance that is added in small quantity : - a _______
B4 Language study:
Fill in the blanks with suitable subordinators given in the box:
| as well as, so that, however, which |
(i) The mixture is applied through cones in intricate patterns _______ depend on the region of use.
(ii) The intricate pattern is the name of the game of today _______, this trend took off in India, recently.
(iii) North African pattern relies on geometrical images ______ they can trace the shape of hands and feet.
(iv) The patterns preferred by the South Asian countries are mixed with Indo-Pakistani _______ Arabic design schemes.
B5 Personal Response:
Which Mehendi design do you like? Why?
Answer the following question in 150-200 words:
How did Miss Sullivan help Helen Keller when she was studying at Cambridge School?
The author’s grandmother was a religious person. What are the different ways in which we come to know this?
Which language do you think the author and his grandmother used while talking to each other?
The poet’s mother laughed at the snapshot. What did this laugh indicate?
Read the text below and summarise it.
The Great Desert Where Hippos Once Wallowed
The Sahara sets a standard for dry land. It’s the world’s largest desert. Relative humidity can drop into the low single digits. There are places where it rains only about once a century. There are people who reach the end of their lives without ever seeing water come from the sky.
Yet beneath the Sahara are vast aquifers of fresh water, enough liquid to fill a small sea. It is fossil water, a treasure laid down in prehistoric times, some of it possibly a million years old. Just 6,000 years ago, the Sahara was a much different place.
It was green. Prehistoric rock art in the Sahara shows something surprising: hippopotamuses, which need year-round water.
“We don’t have much evidence of a tropical paradise out there, but we had something perfectly liveable,” says Jennifer Smith, a geologist at Washington University in St Louis.
The green Sahara was the product of the migration of the paleo-monsoon. In the same way that ice ages come and go, so too do monsoons migrate north and south. The dynamics of earth’s motion are responsible. The tilt of the earth’s axis varies in a regular cycle — sometimes the planet is more tilted towards the sun, sometimes less so. The axis also wobbles like a spinning top. The date of the earth’s perihelion — its closest approach to the sun — varies in cycle as well.
At times when the Northern Hemisphere tilts sharply towards the sun and the planet makes its closest approach, the increased blast of sunlight during the north’s summer months can cause the African monsoon (which currently occurs between the Equator and roughly 17°N latitude) to shift to the north as it did 10,000 years ago, inundating North Africa.
Around 5,000 years ago the monsoon shifted dramatically southward again. The prehistoric inhabitants of the Sahara discovered that their relatively green surroundings were undergoing something worse than a drought (and perhaps they migrated towards the Nile Valley, where Egyptian culture began to flourish at around the same time).
“We’re learning, and only in recent years, that some climate changes in the past have been as rapid as anything underway today,” says Robert Giegengack, a University of Pennsylvania geologist.
As the land dried out and vegetation decreased, the soil lost its ability to hold water when it did rain. Fewer clouds formed from evaporation. When it rained, the water washed away and evaporated quickly. There was a kind of runaway drying effect. By 4,000 years ago the Sahara had become what it is today.
No one knows how human-driven climate change may alter the Sahara in the future. It’s something scientists can ponder while sipping bottled fossil water pumped from underground.
“It’s the best water in Egypt,” Giegengack said — clean, refreshing mineral water. If you want to drink something good, try the ancient buried treasure of the Sahara.
Staff Writer, Washington Post
Tick the statement that is true.
The story is an account of real events.
Briefly explain the following statement from the text.
“The lack of determinism in quantum theory!”
What was the importance of the watch to the author?
Comment on the symbols used in ‘A Munda Song’. What aspect of the tribal worldview do they reflect?
The text is an excerpt from Sesame and Lilies which consists of two essays, primarily, written for delivery as public lectures in 1864. Identify the features that fit the speech mode. Notice the sentence patterns.
The power of poetry lies in suggestion and understatement. Discuss this with reference to the poem.
Personification is a figure of speech that attributes human qualities to inanimate things and abstract ideas. How has it been used in the poem?
Discuss in pairs or in small groups
What does a novel do?
Discuss in pairs or in small groups
The description of novels as organisms.
Interpret these phrases in the context of the essay
- Mist of protection
- At a crossroads
- It came with strings attached
What strong qualities possessed by them, could have helped them achieve success and fame, all over?
Find evidence from the lesson and write in your own words.
In Israel, the media have a positive outlook and self-respect.
Sue was a rich girl.
Find at least five other Akbar and Birbal stories and share them with your friends. Make a list of the stories collected by the entire class. Put your list in alphabetical order.
List five of your favourite Hindi or Marathi poems or songs. Try to translate any one of them into English.
Go through the following web that highlights the essential qualities of a compere. Discuss with your partner the essential qualities and also the precautions that a compere should take while compering a program.
Precautions to be taken :
- __________________________
- __________________________
- __________________________
- __________________________
Find sentences from the play related to the given points.
The tension between different loyalties
- It’s little we get but abuse from the people, and no choice but to obey our orders.
- ________________________________
- ________________________________
- ________________________________
“A Midsummer-Night’s Dream” is one of the best examples of Shakespeare’s Comedy of Errors. Comment.
Shakespeare’s poetry has come to be valued for its own sake on the stage. Comment with reference to the play ‘A Midsummer Night’s Dream.’
Explain the use of the following property in the development of the play.
Stick
Where does the story take place?
Expand the following ideas in a paragraph or two:- Courage and resourcefulness are the keys to overcome problems.
Antonio had gone on a long voyage.
What two basic rules were followed in the Science Fair?
Visit a library:
Read stories about Gautama Buddha. Relate one story in the class.
Prepare similar word chains using the following ideas.
sunshine - warm ________________.
We find the following in the script of a skit or play. Rearrange these steps in the proper order and write them down in the form of a flow chart.
Write in your own words.
What does the poet hope for?
Form a group of four to six. As a group activity, write a conversation in which a person/a group of person thanks to someone.
Correct the following sentence and rewrite it.
Papa Panov saw the sweeper, the young mother, and the beggars he had helped only once in the morning.
Who said the following, to whom, and when?
“Mighty thy Teacher must be and divine.”
Guess the meaning of weary.
Miranda was brought to the island ____________ years ago.
Is the bird a crow?
What game did Anne choose to play?
Read the comic strip and answer the following question.
Do you think that all the information online can be used without any permission?
What kind of learning brings joy to you?
How does the ability to question help us?
There is a connection between the rhyming words and rhythms of the train. Present your views about it.
How did Vicky change at the end?
Vicky decided to ______ the robot at the end.
How did the old man disguise himself?
Why should we read?
Some words sound the same but their spelling and meaning are different. Such words are called homophones. There are many homophones.
Find and write the clues.
Clue for lame ______.
______are the real wealth.
Kani and Teddy were in the garden at _____.
How are we divided in real world?
What was different about the rabbit that Alice saw?
Who was Hiawatha?
William Shakespeare was one of the greatest playwrights of all time. He lived in the 16th century. Many Shakespearean plays have been written in the short-story form. Find out the names of at least 5 of Shakespearean plays.
Example: Romeo and Juliet
