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प्रश्न
Discuss the following statement in groups of two pairs, each pair in a group taking opposite points of view.
The methods of inquiry of history, science, and philosophy are similar.
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उत्तर
|
In favour of the motion |
Against the motion |
|
The methods of inquiry of History, Science, and Philosophy are similar. In the story The Adventure one can find the perspectives of History, Philosophy, and Science converging towards a focal point. History employs the methods of observation, analysis, and rationalism in understanding the course of past events. Science is based on observation, experimentation, and analysis. Rationalism is the most fundamental principle that Science follows. Philosophy is thoroughly critical in methodology. Philosophy examines everything including the assumptions and methodology of science and other disciplines like History. In the story, The Adventure History, Science, and Philosophy converge. Prof. Gaitonde experienced an altogether different version of the outcome of the Battle of Panipat. Contrary to the version as provided in History textbooks, the Marathas emerged as victorious in this battle. Prof. Gaitonde tried to understand this rationally but he failed to get any clue. In this context, Rajendra intervened to explain this phenomenon in the light of the Catastrophic theory which is being employed by Physicists in understanding the behaviour of atoms. Here we find Science and History converging. A similar perspective is seen in Philosophy that truth is relative and not absolute. In fact, the philosophical movement of post Modernism is based on this. In other words, the methods of inquiry of History, Science, and Philosophy are similar. |
It is a misnomer that the methods of inquiry of History, Science, and Philosophy are similar. The similarity is at a superficial level and not at the core. In the story, The Adventure Rajendra tried to rationalise the experience of Prof Gaitonde by applying the Catastrophic theory. But this explanation is not convincing though it convinced the professor. Catastrophic theory can best explain the phenomenon of the physical world but History deals with the behavioural world. It is concerned with the behaviour of society and individuals. The methods of inquiry will also vary accordingly. The method of inquiry of Philosophy is speculative. Philosophy even questions rationalism. Philosophy is highly critical of the methods of Science and History. In other words, the methods of History, Science, and Philosophy are not similar. The story The Adventure by Jayant Vishnu Narlikar is, in fact, a science fiction that is trying to show the convergence of Science History and Philosophy. In reality, the three disciplines, namely, Science, History, and Philosophy have to employ different methodologies of inquiry vis-a-vis the subject matter. |
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संबंधित प्रश्न
A1. (i) Two activities that mother was free to do:
(a)...........................................
(b)............................................
(ii)Two activities that children avoided doing because of television:
(a) .....................................
(b) ...................................
Oh yes, we know it keeps them still,
They don't climb out the window sill,
They never fight or kick or punch,
They leave you free to cook the lunch
And wash thedishes in the sink
But did you ever stop to think,
To wonder just exactly what
This does to your beloved tot?
It rots the sense in the head!
It kills imagination dead!
It clogs and clutters up the mind!
It makes a child so dull and blind
He can no longer understand
A fantasy, a fairyland!
His brain becomes as soft as cheese!
His power of thinking rust and freeze!
He cannot think - He only sees!
'All right!' you'll cry. 'All right!' you'll say,
'But if we take the set away,
What shall-we do to entertain
Our darling children? Please explain!'
We'll answer this by asking you,
'What used the darling ones to do?'
'How used they keep themselves contented
Before this monster was invented?'
Have you forgotten? Don't you know?
A2. According to the poem, why is excessive watching of TV harmful?
A3. His brain became as soft as cheese. The figure of speech is ..........because............
Answer any four of the following questions in 30-40 words each:
(a) What did Franz wonder about when he entered the class that day?
(b) What shocking experience did Douglas have at YMCA pool?
(c) Why does Kamala Das compare her mother to 'a pale winter's moon'?
(d) What rich bountry has the heaven given us? (A Thing of Beauty)
(e) Why did the Maharaja have to pay a bill of three lakh rupees to the British jewellers?
(f) What problem did Roger Skunk face when he went to play with his friends. How did he solve it?
Answer any four of the following question in 30 – 40 words each:
(a) ''What a thunderclap these words were to me!'' (Franz). What were those words and what was their effect of Franz?
(b) Why did Douglas fail to come to the surface of the pool as he hoped to?
(c) What was Kamala Das's childhood fear?
(d) How is the Earth a source of life when all seems dead on it? Keeping Quiet)
(e) How does Mr. Lamb react when Derry enters his garden?
(f) Which problem did the Maharaja face when he had killed seventy tigers? How did he solve it?
Answer any four of the following in 30 − 40 words each :
(a) What does Saheb look for in the garbage dumps?
(b) How was Gandhi treated at Rajendra Prasad's house?
(c) Why does one feel 'a sudden strangeness' on counting to twelve and keeping quiet?
(d) Mention any two things which cause pain and suffering. (A Thing of Beauty)
(e) When was the Tiger King in danger of losing his throne?
(f) What role did the American professor play in bringing Hana and Sadao together?
Mention the way in which the sparrows expressed their sorrow when the author’s grandmother died.
Notice these expression in the text. Infer their meaning from the context.
billowed
Notice the kind of English Tsetan uses while talking to the author. How do you think he picked it up?
Give reasons for the following statement.
The author thought that his positive thinking strategy worked well after all.
'Have you come back?' said the woman.'I thought that no one had come back.'
Does this statement give some clue about the story? If yes, what is it?
What does the phrase 'as if he were on needles' mean? Can you think of another phrase with a similar meaning substituting the word 'needless'?
Do you know of any incident when someone has been brought back to life from the brink of death through medical help. Discuss medical procedures such as organ transplant and organ regeneration that are used to save human life.
What are the cues that signal the presence of the peacock in the vicinity?
Certain words in the poem are in capital letters — why?
Name the world-famous personality who reached great heights despite of humble circumstances.
Trees are revered because:
- They give us joy.
- _________________
- _________________
- _________________
- _________________
State whether the following statement is True or False. Correct the false statement by finding evidence from the poem to support your remark.
Birds and insects were benefitted from the tree.
Suppose you suffer from a long - term illness (one or two weeks), what should you do and what should you avoid? Fill up the table of Dos and Don’ts.
| Dos | Don’ts |
| (1) Go to a doctor for diagnosis | (1) Do not ____________ |
| (2) ____________ | (2) Do not avoid medication on time. |
| (3) Take a suitable diet | (3) Avoid ____________ |
| (4) ____________ | (4) Avoid physical stress and exertion. |
| (5) Rest in a properly ventilated room. | (5) Do not ____________ |
| (6) Have cheerful thoughts, courage, positive attitude | (6) Do not lose ______ and ______ |
Answer the following question in short.
How did Tenali Raman outwit Pundit Shahane?
'It all builds on the charm of the 1967 film, which by itself is a must-watch for any child.'
Explain this sentence in the context of the movie, focusing on the two given phrases- 'Charm of the 1967 film' and 'must-watch'.
Discuss and write 1-2 lines about the following,
Yonamine’s ideas about marriage.
Where does the story take place?
What were the three things that Sushruta discovered?
Visit a library:
Read stories about Gautama Buddha. Relate one story in the class.
Form groups of 4-5. Read the following sentences aloud. Using your imagination and with the help of group discussion, write other situations in which the sentences can be used.
- The outcome: disappointment and anger.
- The hour of battle had sounded
- What a chase!
- This was our chance, .........
Rewrite in your own words.
One event from the story.
Write in your own words.
Who does the poet invite to join him?
‘And calls our Best away’ is a gentle way of expressing the unpleasant idea of a loved one dying. It is an example of euphemism. Think and write down 3 or 4 ways in which we can express the idea of ‘death’ in a tactful and gentle manner.
- _________________
- _________________
- _________________
- _________________
Describe the following in one or two lines.
The first little house of the bird.
What did the husband want to buy?
Did Gopal Bhand have a field?
Form a group of 4 or 5. Make a ‘storyboard’ for the story ‘Three Sacks of Rice’.
Arrange the story in the form of a sequence of pictures.
Decide what you will show in each picture; what words/lines you will write with each picture to explain what happens in it.
You can also add ‘speech balloons’ for the people in the pictures.
Were the policemen willing to leave the house?
Where did Chulong catch the bird?
Use this passage to play the game. You can collect information on other famous personalities and play too.
Charlie Chaplin was born on April 16, 1889, in London England. His birth name was Charles Spencer Chaplin, though he had many nicknames growing up such as Charlie, Charlot, and The Little Tramp. His father, Charles Chaplin, and his mother, Hannah Chaplin, were inducted into the music hall of fame, leading the way to his exposure even as a young boy. His first onstage moment was when he was 5 years old; he sang a song that was intended to be sung by his own mother; she had become ill at the time of the performance, so little Charlie Chaplin stood instead and performed for his mother.
Charlie Chaplin came to the United States in 1910, at the age of 21. He was brought to New York, which was known to be a great place to start out for anyone trying to become a professional actor. Two years later, in 1913, Chaplin signed his very first contract at Keystone and it was no time before he headed to Hollywood. His first movie premiered in 1914, “Making a Living,” and went on to make over 35 movies total in that year alone. Charlie Chaplin grew to become one of the most popular and successful actors of all time. The moment that really kicked off his long career was in 1921 when he starred in, and produced, his first full-length film called “The Kid.” From then on, most people all over the world knew Charlie Chaplin and loved his movies. He had a great career and life, dying on December 25, 1977, in Vevey, Switzerland. He had apparently died of natural causes in his sleep from old age.
Read the incident again and answer the following question.
What did Gilson want the writer to bring for him?
The taxi driver took away the narrator’s suitcase.
Match the following.
| 1. | A man of ease | Emanuel |
| 2. | John’s trainer | Lalli and Lolly |
| 3. | Mathew’s secretary | John Mathew |
| 4. | John’s chef | Louise |
| 5. | Mathew’s friends | Basky |
Fill in the table given below.
| S. No | Problems faced by the hatchlings | Effect | Solution |
| 1. | Pollution | Survival of sea turtles becomes difficult. | Reduce the usage of plastics. |
| 2. | Predators | ||
| 3. | Human Activities |
Why did Muthu and his friends step out of the train?
What is a sol? How many sols make a year?
The man didn’t want to get up because he was tired as he wcoas thrown into the ditch.
Amuthan locked the door behind him.
Choose the picture for the passage.
| Our national emblem is taken from Ashoka’s pillar at Sarnath. It is found on all government documents, coins, currency notes, postcards, and envelopes. It consists of four lions standing back to back but, we can see only three lions at a time. There is a Dharma chakra in the centre of the base plate, with the figure of a bull in the right and that of a horse in the left. The entire structure is sitting on a lotus. The words ‘Sathyameva Jayate’ is written under it in Devanagari script. These words mean, ‘Truth alone Triumphs’. |
Name the character or speaker.
"Why don't you do that yourself?"
What did the hen-pigeon whisper?
What was their new hobby?
Recite the poem 'A Voyage' with correct intonation.
Meena's village was hit by waves on a______.
Three waves hit the village.
Amir realised his mistakes.
Moles dig ______ to catch earth worms.
Moles bite and ______ the earth worms.
Fill in the blank
What will you do if you have a gold plate?
Mugund did not cut the raw wood.
Why did everyone support Megala?
Write the correct word.
| rooster, king, hen, tiger, queen, tigress. |
Match the animals with their sounds.
 |
bray |
 |
croak |
 |
bark |
 |
hum |
 |
neigh |
 |
mew |
Which part of the plant should be watered?
