Topics
Heredity and Evolution
- Heredity
- Transcription
- Translation
- Translocation
- Mutations
- Evolution
- Evidences of Evolution > Morphological Evidences
- Evidences of Evolution > Anatomical Evidences
- Evidences of Evolution > Vestigial Organs
- Evidences of Evolution > Palaeontological Evidences
- Evidences of Evolution > Connecting Links
- Evidences of Evolution > Embryological Evidences
- Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection (Darwinism)
- Lamarck’s Theory of Evolution (Lamarckism)
- Speciation
- Human Evolution
- Human Ancestors
- Homo Sapiens Sapiens (Modern Man)
Life Processes in Living Organisms Part -1
- Life Processes in Living Organisms
- Living Organisms and Energy Production
- Glycolysis
- Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle or Kreb’s Cycle)
- Phases of Respiration: Electron Transport Chain (Electron Transfer System)
- Production of ATP
- Cellular Respiration
- Energy From Different Food Components
- Cell Division: an Essential Life Process
- Mitosis > Karyokinesis (Division of Nucleus)
- Mitosis > Cytokinesis (Division of Cytoplasm)
- Significance of Mitosis
- Meiosis: Reduction Division
- Stages of Meiosis: Meiosis I
- Stages of Meiosis: Meiosis II
- Significance of Meiosis
- Mitosis Vs Meiosis
Life Processes in Living Organisms Part - 2
- Reproduction
- Asexual Reproduction
- Asexual Reproduction in Unicellular Organisms > Binary Fission
- Binary Fission > Simple Binary Fission
- Binary Fission > Transverse Binary Fission
- Binary Fission > Longitudinal Binary Fission
- Asexual Reproduction in Unicellular Organisms > Multiple Fission
- Asexual Reproduction in Unicellular Organisms > Budding
- Asexual Reproduction in Multicellular Organisms > Fragmentation
- Asexual Reproduction in Multicellular Organisms > Regeneration
- Asexual Reproduction in Multicellular Organisms > Budding
- Vegetative Reproduction or Vegetative Propagation
- Asexual Reproduction in Multicellular Organisms > Spore Formation
- Sexual Reproduction
- Sexual Reproduction in Plants
- Double Fertilization and Triple Fusion
- Pollination
- Seed Germination
- Human Reproduction
- The Male Reproductive System
- The Female Reproductive System
- Gametogenesis
- Fertilization in Humans
- Implantation in Human
- Pregnancy and Embryonic Development
- Parturition (Birth) in Human
- Lactation in Human
- Sex Determination in Humans
- Menstrual Cycle (Ovarian Cycle)
- Major Events of Menstrual Cycle
- In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
- Surrogacy
- Sperm Bank/ Semen Bank
- The Twins
- Concept of Reproductive Health
- Population Explosion in India
Environmental Management
Towards Green Energy
- Energy and Use of Energy
- Generation of Electrical Energy
- Power Plant Based on Thermal Energy
- Power Plants Based on Nuclear Energy
- Power Plants Based on Natural Gas
- Electric Energy Generation and Environment
- Electricity Generation using Hydroelectric Energy
- Electricity Generation using Wind Energy
- Electricity Generation using Solar Energy
- Solar Photovoltaic Cell
- Solar Thermal Power Plant
Animal Classification
- Classification of Living Organisms
- History of Animal Classification
- Traditional Method of Animal Classification
- Conventional System of Animal Classification
- Criteria for New System of Classification > Grades of Organization
- Criteria for New System of Classification > Body Symmetry
- Criteria for New System of Classification > Germ Layers
- Criteria for New System of Classification > Body Cavity (Coelom)
- Criteria for New System of Classification > Body Segmentation
- Phylum: Porifera
- Phylum: Cnidaria/Coelenterata
- Phylum: Platyhelminthes
- Phylum: Aschelminthes
- Phylum: Annelida
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Phylum: Mollusca
- Phylum: Echinodermata
- Phylum: Hemichordata
- Phylum: Chordata
- Subphylum: Urochordata
- Subphylum: Cephalochordata
- Subphylum: Vertebrata/Craniata
- Subphylum: Vertebrata/Craniata > Class: Cyclostomata
- Subphylum: Vertebrata/Craniata > Class: Pisces
- Subphylum: Vertebrata/Craniata > Class: Amphibia
- Subphylum: Vertebrata/Craniata > Class: Reptilia
- Subphylum: Vertebrata/Craniata > Class: Aves
- Subphylum: Vertebrata/Craniata > Class: Mammalia
Introduction to Microbiology
- Applied and Industrial Microbiology
- Microbial Role in Dairy Products
- Probiotics
- Yeast and Microbes in Bread Making
- Vinegar Production
- Microbial Enzymes
- Antibiotics
- Microbes and Fuels
- Bio-fuel
- Microbial Pollution Control
- Sewage Management
- Clean Technology
- Microbes and Farming
Cell Biology and Biotechnology
- Cell Biology (Cytology)
- Stem Cells
- Stem Cell Research
- Organ Transplantation
- Organ and Body Donation
- Concept of Biotechnology
- Crop Biotechnology > Hybrid Seeds
- Crop Biotechnology > Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)
- Crop Biotechnology > Biofertilizers
- Animal Husbandry (Livestock)
- Human Health
- Vaccination and Immunization
- Edible Vaccines
- Treatment
- Interferons
- Gene Therapy
- Cloning
- Industrial Products/White Biotechnology
- Environment and Biotechnology
- Food Biotechnology
- DNA Fingerprinting
- Green Revolution
- White Revolution
- Blue Revolution
- Fertilizers
- Insecticides
- Types of Farming in India > Organic Farming
- Animal Husbandry (Livestock) > Apiculture (Bee Farming)
- Cultivation of Medicinal Plants
- Processing and Preservation of Fruits
Social Health
Disaster Management
Life's Internal Secrets
- Autotrophic Plants
- Heterotrophic Plants
- Human Digestive System
- Nutrition in Plants
- Transport
The Regulators of Life
The Life Cycle
Mapping Our Genes
Understanding Metals and Non-Metals
Striving for Better Environment 2
- Use of Efficient and Eco-friendly Technology
- Sustainable Use of Resources
- Enforcement of Acts, Laws and Policies
Amazing World of Carbon Compounds
Estimated time: 2 minutes
Maharashtra State Board: Class 10
Key Points: Germ Layers
| No. | Type | Germ Layers Present | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Diploblastic | Endoderm and Ectoderm only | Cnidarians |
| 2 | Triploblastic | Endoderm, Mesoderm, and Ectoderm | Most other animals |
CBSE: Class 12
Key Points: Germ Layer Organisation
- Animals are classified based on the number of germ layers formed during embryonic development.
- Diploblastic animals have two layers: ectoderm and endoderm, with mesoglea in between.
- Examples of diploblastic organisms include Porifera, Cnidaria, and Ctenophora.
- Triploblastic animals have three layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
- Mesoderm is present between the ectoderm and the endoderm and helps in the formation of complex organs.
- Triploblastic animals include Platyhelminthes, Aschelminthes, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, Hemichordata, and Chordata.
