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प्रश्न
The poetic effect is achieved in the poem through understatement and asides. Discuss this with examples.
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उत्तर
The effect that an understatement or an aside creates is the vivid visual imagery that descends in the reader's mind while reading the poem. It brings the reader in resonance with the poet's mood while composing. The reader is overwhelmed with the setting through which the poet captivates the reader's mind. Thus, the work of these adjectives is to not just beautify but to create the image of the plot. The details of the background and other surroundings, the details about the characters that infuse the mind of the reader so that it all appears lucid to imagine and feel what the poet probably felt or is trying to convey through her/his creation.
When the poet details the environment like “on a broken window pane” and the rest, an image is imparted of the house the characters live in. The emotional effect is created when the narrator recalls “the man she loves who happened to be me” amidst the argument, it makes it clear that no matter how many debates or discussions happen the bond between a husband and wife is eternal and can not be challenged. The poet does not forget the little one around and his body language, he describes keenly. How with “his small legs well apart” he demanded his mother with dinner. The little boy is growing up, his body language reflects his attitude; “his crescent-moon-like chin uplifted eyes hard and cold” display his determination. These all draw images cascading in the mind along while one reads the poem.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
1. Air pollution is an issue which concerns us all alike. One can willingly choose or reject a food, a drink or a life comfort, but unfortunately there is little choice for the air we breathe. All, what is there in the air is inhaled by one and all living in those surroundings.
2. Air pollutant is defined as a substance which is present while normally it is not there or present in an amount exceeding the normal concentrations. It could either be gaseous or a particulate matter. The important and harmful polluting gases are carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ozone and oxides of sulphur and nitrogen. The common particulate pollutants are the dusts of various inorganic or organic origins. Although we often talk of the outdoor air pollutions caused by industrial and vehicular exhausts, the indoor pollution may prove to be as or a more important cause of health problems.
3. Recognition of air pollution is relatively recent. It is not uncommon to experience a feeling of 'suffocation' in a closed environment. It is often ascribed to the lack of oxygen. Fortunately, however, the composition of air is remarkably constant all over the world. There is about 79 per cent nitrogen and 21 per cent oxygen in the air − the other gases forming a very small fraction. It is true that carbon dioxide exhaled out of lungs may accumulate in a closed and over-crowded place. But such an increase is usually small and temporary unless the room is really air-tight. Exposure to poisonous gases such as carbon monoxide may occur in a closed room, heated by burning coal inside. This may also prove to be fatal.
4. What is more common in a poorly ventilated home is a vague constellation of symptoms described as the sick-building syndrome. It is characterized by a general feeling of malaise, head-ache, dizziness and irritation of mucous membranes. It may also be accompanied by nausea, itching, aches, pains and depression. Sick building syndrome is getting commoner in big cities with the small houses, which are generally over-furnished. Some of the important pollutants whose indoor concentrations exceed those of the outdoors include gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and organic substances like spores, formaldehydes, hydrocarbon aerosols and allergens. The sources are attributed to a variety of construction materials, insulations, furnishings, adhesives, cosmetics, house dusts, fungi and other indoor products.
5. By-products of fuel combustion are important in houses with indoor kitchens. It is not only the brining of dried dung and fuelwood which is responsible, but also kerosene and liquid petroleum gas. Oxides of both nitrogen and sulphur are released from their combustion.
6. Smoking of tobacco in the closed environment is an important source of indoor pollution. It may not be high quantitatively, but significantly hazardous for health. It is because of the fact that there are over 3000 chemical constituents in tobacco smoke, which have been identified. These are harmful for human health.
7. Micro-organisms and allergens are of special significance in the causation and spread of diseases. Most of the infective illnesses may involve more persons of a family living in common indoor environment. These include viral and bacterial diseases like tuberculosis.
8. Besides infections, allergic and hypersensitivity disorders are spreading fast. Although asthma is the most common form of respiratory allergic disorders, pneumonias are not uncommon, but more persistent and serious. These are attributed to exposures to allergens from various fungi, molds, hay and other organic materials. Indoor air ventilation systems, coolers, air-conditioners, dampness, decay, pet animals, production or handling of the causative items are responsible for these hypersensitivity − diseases.
9. Obviously, the spectrum of pollution is very wide and our options are limited. Indoor pollution may be handled relatively easily by an individual. Moreover, the good work must start from one’s own house
(Extracted from the Tribune)
(a) (i) What is an air pollutant? (1)
(ii) In what forms are the air pollutants present? (2)
(iii) Why do we feel suffocated in a closed environment? (1)
(iv) What is sick building syndrome? How is it increasing? (2)
(v) How is indoor smoking very hazardous? (1)
(vi) How can one overcome the dangers of indoor air pollution? (2)
(b) Find the words from the above passage which mean the same as the following: (3)
(i) giddiness (para 4)
(ii) constant (para 8)
(iii) humidity (para 8)
How did Helen Keller enjoy her visit to the World fair? (120‒150 words)
What role did Mr. Gilman play in Helen Keller's life? (120‒150 words)
(i) The interest of Maharashtra and that of India should be one for the progress of Maharashtra state, because ................
Comment on the influence of English – the language and the way of life – on Indian life as reflected in the story. What is the narrator's attitude to English?
Comment on the indifference that meets Iona's attempts to share his grief with his fellow human beings.
The story begins with a description of the setting. How does this serve as a fitting prelude to the events described in the story?
Narrate 'The Tale of Melon City' in your own words.
What impression would you form of a state where the King was 'just and placid'?
How have the three passions contributed to the quality of Russell's life?
Notice these words in the poem and guess their meaning from the context
| turquoise | darts |
Read the extract and state whether the following statement is true or false. Correct the false statement.
Newer hybrid crops have a great appetite for chemicals.
State whether the following statement is True or False. Correct the false statement by finding evidence from the poem to support your remark.
The cherry tree did not take long to grow.
Discuss the activities carried out by a farmer.
Honey-bees live an organized life like human beings. Discuss what work the following honey-bees do, as per the poem. Write it down in your own words, in your notebook.
- King/Emperor bee
- Magistrate bees
- Merchant bees
- Soldier bees
- Mason bees
- Civilian bees
- Porter bees
- Judge bee
Answer the following question in short.
Why was Tenali Raman taken to the court in a palanquin?
List all the words specially used in the game of Kabaddi.
Read the story aloud (or present it) in groups of three - the narrator, the peacock, and the crane.
What do restive horses do?
Use the following phrases in your own words.
- roam around
- again and again
- bring something back
- there and then
Are there any stories/legends about the moon or special names for the moon in your language? Talk to your friends and family members and collect this information.
Enact the advertisement:
Seven children wait in different places, striking a suitable pose as shown in the ad. The character ‘Krispy Krunchy’ comes in dancing. He goes near every child, singing the words shown in the ad. He offers a Krispy Krunchy piece to every child.
The child eats it and begins to smile and clap. At the end, the character faces the class, shows a big pack of Krispy Krunchy, and presents the last few lines.
Collect as many pictures as you can, or draw diagrams of all the sources you have listed above. Make a scrapbook using them.
Name the white and bright things mentioned in the poem.
Imagine that there is a Mr Somebody who has to correct all the wrongs that are done by Mr Nobody. Write in the following table, what Mr Somebody will have to do.
| Mr Nobody’s Actions | Tasks for Mr Somebody |
| 1. The plate is broken / cracked | Mend the plate. / Throw it away carefully. |
| 2. The book is torn | ____________ |
| 3. The door is ajar. | ____________ |
| 4. The buttons are pulled from the shirt | ____________ |
| 5. The pins are scattered. | ____________ |
| 6. The door is still squeaking. | ____________ |
| 7. There are finger marks upon the door. | ____________ |
| 8. The ink has spilled over. | ____________ |
| 9. Boots are lying around. | ____________ |
| 10. ____________ | ____________ |
| 11. ____________ | ____________ |
Add a few more things to the list in the above table, using your own ideas and experience.
Discuss what makes the following sentences funny.
- Your wasted time will be refunded.
- There was no highway attached to the booth.
Think and answer:
Is the poet talking about heavy rains in the rainy season or rain that has come after a long time?
Gather information about your favourite great historical personality. You may use the internet. You may also gather photographs, pictures, etc. Prepare a collage using the pictures, inspirational quotes, and a brief description of the person’s importance. Hold an exhibition of your collages in the classroom.
The Emperor says he had realised earlier that Abdul has great talent. Does this tally with his actions? Give your opinion.
Describe the following in one or two lines.
The world around the bird’s nest.
Name the following.
Third-time winners of the Olympic gold medal for hockey.
Write other meaningful words that begin/end with footprint.
Find two examples of the following from the lesson.
A Command
Which theory of Ramanujan helps the ATMs to dispense cash?
Read the data below and answer the following question.
Choose the correct answer.
Percentage of women working in finance is the same as ______.
What did Suresh ask Usha? Why?
Read the lines and answer the questions.
And in fighting for their country, faith and king
noble impressions on people’s minds would ring
- What does ‘noble impression’ mean?
- Who can leave a noble impression?
What do you think is going to happen next?
Olive Ridleys are the only sea turtles seen on Indian shores.
Fill in the table given below.
| S. No | Problems faced by the hatchlings | Effect | Solution |
| 1. | Pollution | Survival of sea turtles becomes difficult. | Reduce the usage of plastics. |
| 2. | Predators | ||
| 3. | Human Activities |
Describe what the author saw when he went back to the island.
Read the comic strip again. Make groups of four and frame some questions on what you have read. Each group should ask a question in turns. You cannot repeat the same question. The team which asks more questions is the winner.
e.g:
- Which are the foreign vegetables mentioned?
- What was sad for Columbus?
Who is Muthu?
What did Raj buy?
The horses were four and a half inches tall.
Find example of alliteration and write them in the blank.
Spring Is pretty
but short and sweet
Work in pair, find answer for the question and share in the class.
Why does the poet say the ‘ Spring is pretty’?
In the Earth, we get water from ______.
Jaswant decided to stay in his post.
Jaswant was captured alive.
Why did the old man disguise himself as a beggar?
Fortune knocks with its best who _______ for their guest.
Choose the champion of the year.
Write the rhyming word.
goat
Why do we ask questions?
Choose the correct answer.
Recite the poem 'A Voyage' with correct intonation.
Find and write the clues.
Clue for the load on the camel ______
Read the passage three times and colour a dustbin each time.
|
I am Mani. I had to take a bus to nearby city. I crossed the road to reach the bus stand. I got the bus, sat down, and read a book. Before I started to read, I just looked at the people around me. The two men sitting next to me were talking loudly. Some were listening to music on their phone. I was unable to focus on reading. The men were talking about cleaning the city. As they were talking, they opened a pack of biscuits to eat. After some time I dozed off. When I opened my eyes, the bus had reached the city. The two men were not there but pieces of the biscuits and wrappers were there. I cleaned the wrappers and put them in the dustbin.
|
- What did Mani take out?
- What did Mani find on the seat when he woke up?
- If you were Mani, what would you do?
Read the extract and complete the activities given below:
|
The call of the seas has always found an echo in me. Not being rich enough to roam in a private yacht, I have taken the poor man's way out. I swim across them. I have always been fascinated by the Indian ocean, whether at Mumbai, at Puri or at Gopalpur. I have swam in all these places and have felt the thrill. But the idea of swimming the Palk Strait did not occur to me until after I swam in the English channel. Steeped in the history and tradition of this nation, practically unconquered. teaming with hair-raising hazards, the sea between India and Sri Lanka had all the elements of challenge, danger and difficulty that tempted me. By the way, for preparation, I continued a strict and rigorous course of training which began in 1960. I also had to collect a comprehensive range of facts and information about this sea. Neither of these was easy. Despite all the information I had gathered, I soon found that very little was known about the Palk Strait, especially about the tides and currents. Everything about the English channel is known-there is the Channel Swimming Association, there are trained pilots there are wants to be hired, accurate weather forecasts, dependable tide tables and every other form of assistance was readily available. All that one needed was money. Here in the Palk Strait one has to find out firstly from where information could be obtained and then decide how much of it could be incorrect or misleading! |
A1. Rewrite the following as per their sequence in the extract: (2)
- I also had to collect a comprehensive range of facts and information about this sea.
- I have swam in all these places and have felt the thrill.
- All that one needed was money.
- Despite all the information I had gathered, I soon found that very little was known about the Palk Strait.
A2. Explain: (2)
What does the writer man by saving, "Steeped in the history and tradition of this nation, practically unconquered, teeming with hair-raising hazards, the sea between India and Sri Lanka had all the elements of challenge, danger and difficulty that tempted me"?
A3. Give reason: (2)
The narrator had an intense desire to swim in the Palk Strait. Explain the reasons for it.
A4. Personal Response: (2)
Do you like to have an adventurous life? Express your opinion.
A5. Grammar:
Do as directed: (2)
- Very little was known about the Palk Strait. (Rewrite as a negative sentence)
- I had to collect a comprehensive range of facts. (Rewrite the sentence beginning with 'A comprehensive ........)
A6. Vocabulary: (2)
Give the synonyms of the following words:
- rigorous - ______
- thrill - ______
