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प्रश्न
Taking off from Forster’s references to Emily Bronte, Sterne and Proust, discuss the treatment of time in some of the novels you have read.
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उत्तर
Over time, novels have creatively used the aspects of time. Most of the novels like To Kill a Mockingbird, The Alchemist, Pride and Prejudice and Famous Five etc. follow a chronological pattern, revealing truth in time. However some novels like The Girl on the Train narrates the story going back and forth in time and thereby becoming a thriller. Some genres like fantasy also narrate story of two or more realms like the realm of God and the realm of normal humans like in mythological twists like The Red Pyramid where times passes differently in each.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:
Wear skins peeped through by bones and spectacles of steel
With mended glass, life bottle bits on stones.
(b) Explain: 'slag heap'.
(c) What future awaits these children?
(d) Name the figure of speech used in the third line.
Write a summary of the above passage in about 100 words.
Guess the meaning of the following word:
Kyang
In which language are these word found?
This play, written in the 1950s, is a humorous and satirical depiction of the status of the mother in the family.
Do you think it caricatures these issues or do you think that the problems it raises are genuine? How does the play resolve the issues? Do you agree with the resolution?
How does the insertion of dialogue in the story contribute to its interest?
We 'draw up a deed'. Complete the following phrase with an appropriate word.
________one's word
Paul's final bet his family richer but cost him his life. Explain.
The significance of reading an autobiography lies in drawing lessons from another life. What is the significance of Kumudini's account for us as readers?
Read the extract 'Being Neighborly' and complete the following statement:
Jo entered the old stone house carrying _______________.
Read the extract and state whether the following statement is true or false. Correct the false statement.
The author did not succeed in finding Kasbai.
Read the extract and state whether the following statement is true or false. Correct the false statement.
The aroma of the ‘desi’ rice would spread around the village.
Name the world-famous personality who reached great heights despite of humble circumstances.
Find from the story one word for the following.
a very narrow passage between buildings ______
Select any one of the famous personalities mentioned in ‘Warming up 1’ on page no. 5. From the library or internet find out their success story. Write it in your own words in about 20 to 30 lines of your notebook.
Give your write-up a suitable title.
Make groups and discuss the following:
What fatal dangers/problems did mankind face centuries ago, but are no longer a threat today?
Make a list of the preparations made for an assault on Tiger Hill.
After confirming the multidirectional assault as the best strategy the commanding officer ________________.
Read the story and choose the appropriate meaning.
Struggling artists ____________
Answer the following question in short.
What punishment did the emperor threaten the Pundits with?
Form groups and discuss what must have happened to the handkerchief. Write the story in your own words.
Write short note on the following:
The 1883 eruption
Discuss the following question after you have seen a presentation of the ‘ad’.
What would happen if you never ate fruits and vegetables?
Write a recipe for the stone soup.
Write a conversation between a donkey and a dog.
Hold a mock trial for the following offence. There should be a complainant, a defendant, and lawyers to argue the case on behalf of them. The whole class can vote to pass the judgment. On what occasions will you plead for justice? What punishment will you suggest? When will you plead for mercy?
A young man was injured in a road accident due to another man’s careless driving.
What characteristics of Mr. Nobody do we learn about from this poem?
Read the poem aloud with the proper rhythm. What does the rhythm remind you of?
A parody is a playful, comic imitation of a writer’s style. A parody is like a verbal cartoon. Compare the original poem and its parody given on page 35 using the following points:
|
How doth the little busy bee |
How doth the little crocodile (parody) |
| Choice of a subject (an animal) | __________________ |
| __________________ | __________________ |
| Number of lines and stanzas | __________________ |
| __________________ | __________________ |
| Same or similar constructions | __________________ |
| __________________ | __________________ |
| Tone of the poem | __________________ |
| __________________ | __________________ |
In the last stanza, there are three four-letter words that refer to a beautiful valley.
They are: • ______ • ______ • ______
Write in your own words.
How should that person sing?
Write the characteristics of a good listener.
What is the world wide web?
Find a word that has a similar meaning.
happily
Discuss, why it was considered as an adventurous and dangerous thing to travel in those days?
How was Gonzalo helpful to Prospero when he left Milan?
Is the bird a crow?
Why did Mrs. Jhunjhunwalla buy the painting?
Two scary events from this section are listed here. Write the events that take place in between in the correct order.
Why was it a struggle for the children to dry their clothes?
What do you think are the two most important lessons that the speaker mentions?
Did he hire Kiouni? Why?
When Amma said,'Don’t upset our foreign visitor' she meant______.
Find out the idiom that relates to ‘whatever the circumstances’, from the first paragraph.
The people were making all kinds of sounds because ______.
How should one react to adversity?
Rearrange the story in order.
- Jaswant stayed back in his post.
- He killed 300 chinese soldiers in the battle.
- He fired weapons from separate points.
- Sela and Nura helped him in the battle.
- Jaswant shot himself to death.
- Chinese soldiers caught the man who supplied food.
- He was awarded the Mahavir Chakra.
Read the passage three times and colour a bull for each time.
Mr. Murugan is a farmer. He has a small piece of land and two bulls. He takes good care of his bulls as they help him in farming. Every morning, he takes the bulls for grazing. When it rains he ploughs the land with the bulls. As he has no one to help he starts sowing the seed before sunrise. He irrigates the crop till it grows. He reaps and binds the crop then takes it to thrash the paddy. Finally, with the help of the bulls, he takes the paddy to his house.
Write the rhyming word.
Tree - ______.
Some words sound the same but their spelling and meaning are different. Such words are called homophones. There are many homophones.
Why did Uthaman become angry with the old man?
Match the following.
| 1. | Pablo | Inspector |
| 2. | Velayudham | old man |
| 3. | Sreejith | dog |
What is the name of the girl?
Do you think you treat everyone equally? Justify with an example.
Fill in the blank with rhyming word.
tree- ______
Savings is done after fulfilling the______.
How does she move the brush?
Why should a fisher wait?
One day Chris tried to draw a ______.
Who according to Gandhi, can fight against evil and how?
On the basis of your understanding of the given passage, make notes in any appropriate format.
The Sherpas were nomadic people who first migrated from Tibet approximately 600 years ago, through the Nangpa La pass and settled in the Solukhumbu District, Nepal. These nomadic people then gradually moved westward along salt trade routes. During 14th century, Sherpa ancestors migrated from Kham. The group of people from the Kham region, east of Tibet, was called “Shyar Khamba”. The inhabitants of Shyar Khamba, were called Sherpa. Sherpa migrants travelled through Ü and Tsang, before crossing the Himalayas. According to Sherpa oral history, four groups migrated out of Solukhumbu at different times, giving rise to the four fundamental Sherpa clans: Minyagpa, Thimmi, Sertawa and Chawa. These four groups have since split into the more than 20 different clans that exist today
Sherpas had little contact with the world beyond the mountains and they spoke their own language. AngDawa, a 76-year-old former mountaineer recalled “My first expedition was to Makalu [the world’s fifth highest mountain] with Sir Edmund Hillary’’. We were not allowed to go to the top. We wore leather boots that got really heavy when wet, and we only got a little salary, but we danced the Sherpa dance, and we were able to buy firewood and make campfires, and we spent a lot of the time dancing and singing and drinking. Today Sherpas get good pay and good equipment, but they don’t have good entertainment. My one regret is that I never got to the top of Everest. I got to the South Summit, but I never got a chance to go for the top.
The transformation began when the Sherpa Tenzing Norgay and the New Zealander Edmund Hillary scaled Everest in 1953. Edmund Hillary took efforts to build schools and health clinics to raise the living standards of the Sherpas. Thus life in Khumbu improved due to the efforts taken by Edmund Hillary and hence he was known as ‘Sherpa King’.
Sherpas working on the Everest generally tend to perish one by one, casualties of crevasse falls, avalanches, and altitude sickness. Some have simply disappeared on the mountain, never to be seen again. Apart from the bad seasons in 1922, 1970 and 2014 they do not die en masse. Sherpas carry the heaviest loads and pay the highest prices on the world’s tallest mountain. In some ways, Sherpas have benefited from the commercialization of the Everest more than any group, earning income from thousands of climbers and trekkers drawn to the mountain. While interest in climbing Everest grew gradually over the decades after the first ascent, it wasn’t until the 1990s that the economic motives of commercial guiding on Everest began. This leads to eclipse the amateur impetus of traditional mountaineering. Climbers looked after each other for the love of adventure and “the brotherhood of the rope” now are tending to mountain businesses. Sherpas have taken up jobs as guides to look after clients for a salary. Commercial guiding agencies promised any reasonably fit person a shot at Everest.
