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प्रश्न
Taking off from Forster’s references to Emily Bronte, Sterne and Proust, discuss the treatment of time in some of the novels you have read.
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उत्तर
Over time, novels have creatively used the aspects of time. Most of the novels like To Kill a Mockingbird, The Alchemist, Pride and Prejudice and Famous Five etc. follow a chronological pattern, revealing truth in time. However some novels like The Girl on the Train narrates the story going back and forth in time and thereby becoming a thriller. Some genres like fantasy also narrate story of two or more realms like the realm of God and the realm of normal humans like in mythological twists like The Red Pyramid where times passes differently in each.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Attempt in 120‒150 words a character sketch of Miss Sullivan.
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
The term dietary fibres refers collectively to indigestible carbohydrates present in plant foods. The importance of these dietary fibres came into the picture when it was observed that the people having diet rich in these fibres, had low incidence of coronary heart disease, irritable bowel syndrome, dental caries and gall stones.
The foodstuffs rich in these dietary fibres are cereals and grains, legumes, fruits with seeds, citrus fruits, carrots, cabbage, green leafy vegetables, apples, melons, peaches, pears etc.
These dietary fibres are not digested by the enzymes of the stomach and the small intestine whereas most of other carbohydrates like starch and sugar are digested and absorbed. The dietary fibres have the property of holding water and because of it, these get swollen and behave like a sponge as these pass through the gastrointestinal tract. The fibres add bulk to the diet and increase transit time in the gut. Some of these fibres may undergo fermentation in the colon.
In recent years, it has been considered essential to have some amount of fibres in the diet. Their beneficial effects lie in preventing coronary heart disease, and decreasing cholesterol level. The fibres like gums and pectin are reported to decrease postprandial (after meals) glucose level in blood. These types of dietary fibres are recommended for the management of certain types of diabetes. Recent studies have shown that the fenugreek (Methi) seeds, which contain 40 per cent gum, are effective in decreasing blood glucose and cholesterol levels as compared to other gum containing vegetables.
Some dietary fibres increase transit time and decrease the time of release of ingested food in colon. The diet having less fibres is associated with colon cancer and the dietary fibres may play a role in decreasing the risk of it.
The dietary fibres hold water so that stools are soft, bulky and readily eliminated. Therefore high fibre intake prevents or relieves constipation.
The fibres increase motility of the small intestine and the colon and by decreasing the transit time there is less time for exposure of the mucosa to harmful toxic substances. Therefore, there is a less desire to eat and the energy intake can be maintained within the range of requirement. This phenomenon helps in keeping a check on obesity. Another reason in helping to decrease obesity is that the high-fibre diets have somewhat lower coefficients of digestibility.
The dietary fibres may have some adverse effects on nutrition by binding some trace metals like calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc and others and therefore preventing their proper absorption. This may pose a possibility of nutritional deficiency especially when diets contain marginal levels of mineral elements. This may become important constraints on increasing dietary fibres. It is suggested that an intake of 40 grams dietary fibres per day is desirable.
(Extracted from ‘The Tribune’)
(a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it in points only, using recognizable abbreviations wherever necessary. Also suggest a suitable title.
(b) Write a summary of the above in about 80 words.
Read the passage and complete the activities given below
B1 Complete the table :
A few facts about the Mehendi rituals during marriage ceremonies are given below :
Write them into appropriate columns :
(i) A simple family affair.
(ii) Song and dance performances accompanied by lavish food and entertainment.
(iii) Creative family members, apply Mehendi to the bride.
(iv) Beauticians are appointed to apply Mehendi to the bride.
Fill in the table as :
| Yesteryears | Present times |
| (i) | (i) |
| (ii) | (ii) |
Mehendi enjoys special attention during the wedding. In India, the day before the wedding is devoted exclusively to the elaborate ritual of applying Mehendi on the hands and feet of the bride. This practice is followed in Arab countries as well, except that it is held a few days prior to the wedding day. Songs are woven around the healing properties and lucky omens associated with mehndi are sung by the bride’s family and friends. An age-old belief handed down to generations lays great emphasis on the color of the bride’s Mehendi – a darker color suggests bountiful love and affection from the future in-laws and husband, and for this reason, brides take the pain to ensure that only the best quality henna is used for her wedding day.
The ritual of adorning the bride with henna is a sacred one and in some communities requires the initiation by the mother-in-law. A popular game during marriage function is the search for their names, by the bride and groom hidden within the elaborate pattern on the bride’s hands.
In certain parts of India, the bridegroom has his hands decorated with henna. The Mehendi function during marriages has evolved from simple family affairs of yesteryears to elaborate events of today. A lavish spread of food and entertainment in the form of song and dance performances have transformed it from a small function to a gala prelude. In earlier days, the task of applying Mehendi on the bride was the sole prerogative of creative family members. The demand for intricate and different style now, sees this job outsourced to beauticians skilled in this art. Beauty salons charge according to the style and complexity of pattern desired by the clients.
B2 What is the age-old belief related to the bride’s Mehendi color and its significance?
B3 Find the words :
Find the words from the passage :
| Noun | Verd | Adjectives |
| (i) attention | attend | _______________ |
| (ii) creation | _________________ | creative |
A lot of money is spent nowadays on marriage ceremonies. What is your opinion about it?
Answer the following question in 200-250 words:
What is the main theme of 'The Diary of a Young Girl'?
Why did the narrator of the story want to forget the address?
How, according to you, can peace and liberty be maintained in a state?
Using a dictionary/internet note down the main difference between farm and granary.
Trees are revered because:
- They give us joy.
- _________________
- _________________
- _________________
- _________________
Find proof from the poem for the following.
The poet’s minute observations of the steady growth of the cherry tree.
Correct the following statement.
Johnsy was eager to recover from her illness.
Read the poem and complete the web about the activities the planners do.
Read the lesson and name the following.
The world’s most advanced surgical robot ______
Akbar thought he was greater than God.
From the internet or other sources, find the other names by which Kabaddi is known in different parts of our country and the world.
List the four elements of drama.
Can you name different types of fabrics? Which is the most expensive fabric you know? Talk to your parents or to a textile shop assistant. Collect samples of as many types as you can and paste them into your scrapbook. Name each type.
Shakespeare’s poetry has come to be valued for its own sake on the stage. Comment with reference to the play ‘A Midsummer Night’s Dream.’
Answer the following question in one sentence.
Who misses all the fun?
How did the students prepare for their stalls/presentations?
What did Mr. Gizare appreciate the most?
Name the white and bright things mentioned in the poem.
Form groups of five and discuss:
There are many things that seem small, minor, or insignificant to some people but the same may be the cause of great pain, suffering for others. Can you list such things? What can you do to provide help on those occasions?
Prepare similar word chains using the following ideas.
sunshine - warm ________________.
Read the passage and name the following.
He persuaded Helen to elope with him.
Gather information about your favourite great historical personality. You may use the internet. You may also gather photographs, pictures, etc. Prepare a collage using the pictures, inspirational quotes, and a brief description of the person’s importance. Hold an exhibition of your collages in the classroom.
Gather more information about the following from your Science textbook, the internet, and other sources.
Gravitational force
Note that most of the time well-known works are parodied, because people can enjoy the parody better when they know the original. Try to find more examples of parodies in English or other languages.
The items in the programme below have got mixed up. Rearrange them in the proper order. Just add the number in the left-hand column.
| Balanand Vidyalaya Art Festival Programme | |
| ( ) | → Koli Dance |
| ( ) | → igniting the Lamp |
| ( ) | → Chief Guest Speaks |
| ( ) | → Appraisal of the Art Festival |
| ( ) | → Dignitaries Arrive |
| ( ) | → Recital of ‘Taal kacheri’ |
| ( ) | → Welcome and Introduction of Guests |
| ( ) | → Prize Distribution |
| ( ) | → The Boy Comes Home - A skit by Std IX |
| ( ) | → Vote of Thanks |
Choose the appropriate phrase to insert in the gap, to make the sentence meaningful. Use the appropriate form of the verb.
I ______ just as I was to receive my Report Card.
Mention the various places that the brook flows past.
Fill in the blank choosing the appropriate word/idiom from the lesson.
He was dizzy and he ______ the room.
What is a website?
How did Helen overcome her handicaps?
Find out the difference between the fingerspelling method, sign language and Braille.
Answer the following question in about 100-150 word.
Narrate the extensive search operation made by the policemen in the house.
Who baked the homemade cookies?
Why did the train stop in the middle of the forest?
Read the line and answer the question.
And the wheel’s kick and the winds song and the white sail’s shaking
What according to the poet are the pleasures of sailing?
Work in pairs and answer the following.
Pick out the alliterated words.
A turtle’s flippers help it to ______.
The author did not want to plant saplings in the forest because______.
Nilavan unknowingly started the space shuttle.
How did the aliens know the boys' language?
Why don’t we use chemicals?
What is our core?
Jaswant was captured alive.
Name the character or speaker.
"Why don't you do that yourself?"
Write the rhyming word.
Nature - ______.
Answer using Yes or No and pick sentence from the story to support your answer.
Did Robinson kill Friday?
Number the pictures in the correct order of the story.
List the things that humans should save.
What are the difficulties they faced in India?
What do you save? Why it is needed?
Jana and her family moved to the village _______ ago.
The tank in Divya’s village was almost ______.
Moles dig ______ to catch earth worms.
Choose the correct one.
Monkey
What would you like to learn in school? why?
How did he challenge everybody?
How should teenagers guard against cyber crimes?
