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प्रश्न
Discuss the following in pairs or in groups of four:
Because India's tribal communities are basically bilingual there is a danger of dismissing their languages as dialects of India's major tongues.
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उत्तर
Most of the tribal communities are bilingual. They have assimilated many vocabulary from the major languages of the country. It may seem to many of us that their languages are dialects of India's major tongues.
Another perspective
'Most of the tribal communities in India may be bilingual but there seems no danger of dismissing their languages as dialects of India's major tongues. This only shows that the tribal communities are assimilative in nature. Identity of any language is never destroyed simply because it is borrowing words from some other language. Had it been so then even languages like Hindi and other major languages which keep on borrowing words from foreign languages would have lost their identity. The tribal languages have a structural difference from the major languages of India. Simply the presence of some words of other languages will not make them lose their identity and make them identified as dialects of some major Indian languages.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Answer any four of the following questions in 30 – 40 words each :
(a) After initial reluctance why did the lawyers tell Gandhiji that they were ready to follow him into jail?
(b) What is Mukesh's attitude towards the family business of making bangles?
(c) How does the poet show the futility of Aunt Jennifer's efforts?
(d) Stephen Spender in his poem, 'An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum' paints a dismal picture of poverty. Comment.
(e) Jackson went through the contents of Rev. McLeery's suitcase. Which object therein puzzled him sorely? What was his comment on that?
(f) How did the servants react when they realized that Dr. Sadao was going to save the life of an enemy?
Read the extract and do the activities that follow:
The duke senior and his follower were sitting down to a meal one day when Orlando rushed out from among the trees, his sword in his hand. ‘Stop, and cat no more!’ he cried. The Duke and his friends asked him what he wanted.
‘Food,’ said Orlando. ‘I am almost dying of hunger’. They asked him to sit down and eat, but he would not do so. He told them that his old servant was in the woods, dying of hunger. ‘I will not eat a bite until he has been fed,’ Orlando said.
So the good Duke and his followers helped him to bring Adam to their hiding-place, and Orlando and the old man were fed and taken care of. When the Duke learned that Orlando was a son of his old friend sir Rowland de Boys, he welcomed him gladly to his forest court.
Orlando lived happily with the Duke and his friends, but he had not forgotten the lovely Rosalind. She was always in his thoughts andevery day he wrote poetry about her pinning it on the trees in the forest. ‘These trees shall be my books,’ he said, ‘so that everyone who looks in the forest will be able to read how sweet and good Rosalind is’.
Rosalind and Celia found some of these poems pinned on the trees. At first they were puzzled, wondering who could have written them; but one day Celia came in from a walk with the news that she had seen Orlando sleeping under a tree, and she and Rosalind guessed that he must be the poet. Rosalind was happy to think that Orlando had not forggoten her, because she loved him as much as he loved her.
A1. Complete - (2)
Complete the following sentences:
(i) Rosalind was happy to think _______
(ii) The Duke and his followers helped Orlando to bring _________
(iii) Orlando pinned the poems written about Rosalind on ______
(iv) When the Duke cam to know that Orlando was a son of his old friend, he _________
A2. Write a gist: (2)
Write a gist of the above given extract in about 50 words.
Attempt the following question in 100-150 words:
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“You neither travelled to the past nor the future. You were in the present experiencing a different world.”
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Bees:
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|
Little things Little drops of water, Thus the little minutes, Little deeds of kindness, |
What important message does the above poem convey?
‘But the peasant bowed and prayed to God ...........’ What could he have prayed for?
Say where the image from nature given in the poem exists.
AIR / LAND / WATER
beneath the boughs
Fill in the gaps in the table of Degrees of Comparison.
| Positive | Comparative | Superlative | |
| (1) | ____________ | ____________ | oldest |
| (2) | ____________ | healthier | ____________ |
| (3) | near | ____________ | ____________ |
| (4) | ____________ | finer | ____________ |
| (5) | ____________ | ____________ | earliest |
| (6) | small | ____________ | ____________ |
| (7) | ____________ | faster | ____________ |
| (8) | high | ____________ | ____________ |
The soldier-bees carry home ______.
Read the description of the Kabaddi match and do the following:
Describe, in your own words, the important events in the first half.
How are fabrics used in our daily life? List all the things that are made up of fabrics in your home. (At least 25)
Complete the following using your own idea:
His head was too big to ______.
Write a few lines about each character.
Write a short note on the following:
The ‘four signs’ that Prince Siddharth beheld.
Complete the following sentence with reference to the passage.
Epics are long poems that ______________________.
Say whether you agree or disagree.
The wolf could not trace Bertha because she was behind a myrtle bush.
Correct the following sentence and rewrite it.
Papa Panov saw the sweeper, the young mother, and the beggars he had helped only once in the morning.
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“O Holy Master, bless us with thy song !”
Describe the following with the help of the (The Twelve Months) story.
Winter
Write other meaningful words that begin/end with stepmother.
Look at the speaker in each picture. Say whether each one is a good speaker. Give reasons for your answer.
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
Where was the well situated?
Draw a diagram to explain the idea of Internet.
What is meant by 'Honour the white cane'?
Share a memorable trip from your life
What were the various sounds the brothers heard when they went downstairs?
In New York, Mr. Scotti left the plane because he thought he.
Read the data below and answer the following question.
Choose the correct answer.
In which field of work is women’s involvement the second highest?
Turtles come ashore to lay eggs
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Find example of alliteration and write them in the blank.
Spring Is pretty
but short and sweet
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Where did the space shuttle land?
What did the first daughter do?
Try your own.
Jaswant decided to stay in his post.
Read scene I of the play carefully and answer the question below.
List the characters that appear in the scene. What human characteristics do they exhibit?
How did he win the match?
Match the following.
| 1. | Pablo | Inspector |
| 2. | Velayudham | old man |
| 3. | Sreejith | dog |
Who is incharge of this case?
In early days, Amir left the tap opened.
Rani and Divya informed the happening to the ______.
Join the word with the correct prefix.
| paid | un |
| send | dis |
| able | re |
| continue | pre |
Ani valued honesty.
Who fell down and down and down?
Choose the right word.
Chintha Chettu is a tamarind ______.
What did the library door say?
What did he call his puppet?
How did the jackal become blue?
Mention any three details that should not be revealed in public domain.
Read the given sentence and underline the 'no' word.
Nobody is at home.
