Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
Discuss the following in pairs or in groups of four:
Because India's tribal communities are basically bilingual there is a danger of dismissing their languages as dialects of India's major tongues.
Advertisements
उत्तर
Most of the tribal communities are bilingual. They have assimilated many vocabulary from the major languages of the country. It may seem to many of us that their languages are dialects of India's major tongues.
Another perspective
'Most of the tribal communities in India may be bilingual but there seems no danger of dismissing their languages as dialects of India's major tongues. This only shows that the tribal communities are assimilative in nature. Identity of any language is never destroyed simply because it is borrowing words from some other language. Had it been so then even languages like Hindi and other major languages which keep on borrowing words from foreign languages would have lost their identity. The tribal languages have a structural difference from the major languages of India. Simply the presence of some words of other languages will not make them lose their identity and make them identified as dialects of some major Indian languages.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Attempt a character sketch of Otto Frank, Anne's father.
Read the following extract and answer the questions given below:
If you do not get lowered in your own eyes
While you raise yourself in those of others,
If you do not give in to gossips and lies
Rather heed them not, saying, 'who bothers?'
You may be the person I am looking for.
If you crave not for praise when you win
And look not for sympathy while you lose,
If cheers let not your head toss or spin
And after a set-back, you offer no excuse,
You may be the person I and looking for.
(1) What should be your reaction towards gossips and lies?
(2) Who are your role models? Why?
(3) Give the rhyming pairs of words from the first stanza.
(4) Which line is repeated in this extract and what is its effect?
Read the following passage and complete the activities given below:
Read the following passage and do the activities:
A1 True or False:
Rewrite the following statements and state whether they are ‘true’ or ‘false’.
(i) Mashelkar’s mother did menial work to bring him up.
(ii) Mashelkar’s father died when he was twelve.
(iii) Mashelkar was born in a very rich family.
(iv) Tatas added much value to Mashelkar’s life.
I start with my greatest guru-my mother. I was born in a very poor family and my father died when I was six. We moved to Mumbai and my mother did menial work to bring me up. Two meals a day was a tough challenge. I studied under street lights and I walked barefoot until, I think, I was twelve. I remember when I passed the seventh standard and I wanted to go into the eighth standard, our poverty was such that even to secure 21 rupees for secondary school admission became a big challenge. We had to borrow from a lady, who was a housemaid in Chaupati in Mumbai. That was the tough life I had.
In fact, I remember, my passing the SSC Examination-i.e. 11th standard. Those days it used to be not 10th standard or 12th standard but 11th standard. I stood 11th among 1,35,000 but I was about to leave higher education and find a job. What helped me was the scholarship by Sir Dorab Tata Trust. It was just 60 rupees per month and would you believe that 60 rupees per month from Tatas added so much value to my life that I have been able to stand here today before you to speak to you.
I am on the Board of Tatas now and it is very interesting that the same Bombay House where I used to go to collect that 60 rupees per month now one goes and sits there like a Director on the Board of Tata Motors. The turn that these 40 years have taken is very interesting. It has all been possible because of the chance I got to do higher studies at the insistence of my mother. She gave me the values of my life. She was one of the noblest parents I have met in my life.
So, my greatest guru was my mother. My second guru was Principal Bhave, about whom I made a mention earlier. He taught us Physics. Because it was a poor school, I remember, it had to innovate to convey to the young students the message of Science.
A2 Complete:
Complete the following sentences and write:
(i) Mashelkar was inspired by his greatest guru _______
(ii) Mashelkar studied under _______
(iii) Principal Bhave taught _______
(iv) The scholarship by _______ Trust helped him in higher education.
A3 Find the meaning:
Choose the appropriate meaning of the underlined words from the given alternatives:
(i) We moved to Mumbai and my mother did menial work.
(a) skilled
(b) hard
(c) unskilled
(d) of low status
(ii) Because it was a poor school, it had to innovate to convey to the young students the message of science.
(a) do a cheap experiment
(b) introduce new things
(c) avoid
(d) try hard
(iii) I got to do higher studies at the insistence of my mother.
(a) firm saying
(b) being inspired
(c) being inspected
(d) being instigated
(iv) That was the tough life I had.
(a) difficult
(b) soft
(c) cheap
(d) simple
A4 Match:
Match the following sentences with their tags:
| 'A' | 'B' | ||
| (i) | I stood 11th among 1,35,000 |
(a) | aren’t I? |
| (ii) | I am on the Board of Tatas | (b) | didn’t we? |
| (iii) | It was a poor school | (c) | didn’t I? |
| (iv) | We moved to Mumbai | (d) | wasn’t it? |
A5 Personal Response:
“Mother is the greatest Guru.” Discuss.
Combine related points.
Tick the item that is closest in meaning to the following phrase.
to give vent to
What was the reason for young Paul's restlessness at the beginning of the story? How did it find expression?
Examine the communication channels in the story between Basset and Paul's uncle.
The Cloud ‘fuses together a creative myth, a scientific monograph, and a gay picaresque tale of cloud adventure': explain.
Read the following statement and mark those that apply to you.
I have a small group of close friends and have no wish to interact with anyone else.
Answer in your own words.
Why did the old man have no need to build the bridge, across the chasm?
Discuss in groups and share your answer with the class.
Can you name the famous musician in Emperor Akbar’s court, who could perform miracles, when he sang different Ragas?
Read the story and choose the appropriate meaning.
Skeleton branches ____________.
Write four reasons why animals in a zoo suffer more than those who live free in the wild.
Proverbs associated with the word season: for eg: Make hay while the sun shines.
- _________________________
- _________________________
Say WHY. . . . . .
Hardy invited Littlewood for a discussion.
What do fairy-tale witches do?
Use the following phrases in your own words.
- roam around
- again and again
- bring something back
- there and then
Discuss the following question after you have seen a presentation of the ‘ad’.
What would happen if you ate proper meals like rice and dal or dal-roti?
Present any one of the speeches given above.
Read the poem again. Does it have a uniform rhyme scheme throughout?
Write down the rhyme scheme of every stanza separately.
- 1st stanza ______
- 2nd stanza ______
- 3rd stanza ______
- 4th stanza ______.
Sit quietly for some time. Close your eyes and listen carefully to all the sounds that you hear. Can you guess what sounds they are, who or what is making that sound? Note down what you heard.
List and say whether the following statement agrees with the passage or not.
When you want to make a speech, there’s no need to think about it in advance.
Describe Gulliver’s walk around the city.
List the characters in the play.
Birds and animals
The poem has rhyming words at the end of the lines. Find and write the pairs of rhyming words in each stanza.
What prompted the young seagull to fly finally?
Look at the number pattern. Fill the blank in the middle of the series or end of the series.
ELFA, GLHA, ILJA, ______, MLNA
Why was the elephant owner happy with the deal?
The terrorists asked Neerja to collect the passports of the passengers because ______.
Selvi asked, 'Did they come in an aeroplane?' because she______.
Mithali Raj was not encouraged to play cricket by her family members.
Describe the beauty of the blue mountain.
The dry earth soaked up the moisture as a hungry puppy laps up milk. It means______.
Find example of alliteration and write them in the blank.
to muddy roads
monsoons and mangoes
A day in Mars is called ______.
Why does the poet fly out of the universe?
Read scene I of the play carefully and answer the questions below.
Tabaqui acts as ______ to the pack of wolves.
Arrange the pictures by using numbers.
Match their hobbies.
 |
swimming |
 |
cycling |
 |
gardening |
Choose the correct option from the given homophones.
What did you ______ at the store?
Choose the correct option from the given homophones.
You should never ______ to your parents.
The hen-pigeon returned home when it started to _______.
Write the correct form for the present perfect tense.
They ______ (start) playing.
Some words sound the same but their spelling and meaning are different. Such words are called homophones. There are many homophones.
Uthaman was skilled in _____.
Match the following.
| pale |  |
| tremble |  |
| fainted |  |
Circle and write the adverbs.
He laughed merrily ______.
Why was the teacher annoyed?
Read the advertisement and answer the question given below.
What is free, for LED TV?
The monster tree was protecting the ______.
The villagers took oath not to harm the _______.
Why did Jana have a nightmare?
In which season is ice cream popular?
How did Bala help Amma and sisters?
What does she paint?
Which problem do you think you can solve with art? How?
Are these sentence TRUE or FALSE
The poet tells the child to be afraid when it is dark.
How did Miss Sullivan help Helen?
Pick out word which mean the same as
stop doing something (para 1)
