Topics
Heredity and Evolution
Life Processes in Living Organisms Part -1
- Life Processes in Living Organisms
- Living Organisms and Energy Production
- Glycolysis
- Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle or Kreb’s Cycle)
- Phases of Respiration: Electron Transport Chain (Electron Transfer System)
- Production of ATP
- Cellular Respiration
- Energy From Different Food Components
- Cell Division: an Essential Life Process
- Mitosis > Karyokinesis (Division of Nucleus)
- Mitosis > Cytokinesis (Division of Cytoplasm)
- Significance of Mitosis
- Meiosis: Reduction Division
- Stages of Meiosis: Meiosis I
- Stages of Meiosis: Meiosis II
- Significance of Meiosis
- Mitosis Vs Meiosis
Life Processes in Living Organisms Part - 2
Environmental Management
Towards Green Energy
- Energy and Use of Energy
- Generation of Electrical Energy
- Power Plants Based on Nuclear Energy
- Power Plant Based on Thermal Energy
- Power Plants Based on Natural Gas
- Electric Energy Generation and Environment
- Electricity Generation using Hydroelectric Energy
- Electricity Generation using Wind Energy
- Electricity Generation using Solar Energy
- Solar Photovoltaic Cell
- Solar Thermal Power Plant
Animal Classification
- Classification of Living Organisms
- History of Animal Classification
- Traditional Method of Animal Classification
- Conventional System of Animal Classification
- Criteria for New System of Classification > Grades of Organization
- Criteria for New System of Classification > Body Symmetry
- Criteria for New System of Classification > Germ Layers
- Criteria for New System of Classification > Body cavity (Coelom)
- Criteria for New System of Classification > Body Segmentation
- Phylum: Porifera
- Phylum: Cnidaria/Coelenterata
- Phylum: Platyhelminthes
- Phylum: Aschelminthes
- Phylum: Annelida
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Phylum: Mollusca
- Phylum: Echinodermata
- Phylum: Hemichordata
- Phylum: Chordata
- Subphylum: Urochordata
- Subphylum: Cephalochordata
- Subphylum: Vertebrata/Craniata
- Subphylum: Vertebrata/Craniata > Class: Cyclostomata
- Subphylum: Vertebrata/Craniata > Class: Pisces
- Subphylum: Vertebrata/Craniata > Class: Amphibia
- Subphylum: Vertebrata/Craniata > Class: Reptilia
- Subphylum: Vertebrata/Craniata > Class: Aves
- Subphylum: Vertebrata/Craniata > Class: Mammalia
Introduction to Microbiology
Cell Biology and Biotechnology
- Cell Biology (Cytology)
- Stem Cells
- Stem Cell Research
- Organ Transplantation
- Organ and Body Donation
- Concept of Biotechnology
- Crop Biotechnology > Hybrid Seeds
- Crop Biotechnology > Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)
- Crop Biotechnology > Biofertilizers
- Animal Husbandry (Livestock)
- Human Health
- Vaccination and Immunization
- Edible Vaccines
- Treatment
- Interferons
- Gene Therapy
- Cloning
- Industrial Products/White Biotechnology
- Environment and Biotechnology
- Food Biotechnology
- DNA Fingerprinting
- Green Revolution
- White Revolution
- Blue Revolution
- Fertilizers
- Insecticides
- Types of Farming in India > Organic Farming
- Animal Husbandry (Livestock) > Apiculture (Bee Farming)
- Cultivation of Medicinal Plants
- Processing and Preservation of Fruits
Social Health
Disaster Management
Life's Internal Secrets
- Autotrophic Plants
- Heterotrophic Plants
- Human Digestive System
- Nutrition in Plants
- Transport
The Regulators of Life
The Life Cycle
Mapping Our Genes
Understanding Metals and Non-Metals
Striving for Better Environment 2
- Use of Efficient and Eco-friendly Technology
- Sustainable Use of Resources
- Enforcement of Acts, Laws and Policies
Amazing World of Carbon Compounds
Estimated time: 4 minutes
- Definition: Glycolysis
Maharashtra State Board: Class 10
Definition: Glycolysis
The process occurring in the cytoplasm where one glucose molecule is stepwise oxidized to form two molecules each of pyruvic acid, ATP, NADH₂, and water is called glycolysis.
CBSE: Class 12
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12
Key Points: Glycolysis
- Glycolysis (EMP pathway) breaks one glucose (6C) into two pyruvic acid (3C) molecules in the cytoplasm; common to both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
- It involves 10 enzyme-controlled reactions in two phases — Preparatory and Pay-off.
- Preparatory Phase — Glucose is phosphorylated using 2 ATP and split into two 3C molecules (PGAL + DHAP; DHAP converts to PGAL).
- Pay-off Phase — PGAL is oxidised, NADH₂ is formed, and ATP is produced via substrate-level phosphorylation.
- Net gain = 2 ATP (4 produced − 2 consumed); PEP → Pyruvic acid is the final energy-yielding step.
- Fate of pyruvate — with O₂: enters the Krebs cycle; without O₂: forms lactic acid (muscles) or ethanol + CO₂ (yeast).
- In plants, glucose comes from sucrose (a photosynthesis product), split by invertase into glucose and fructose before entering glycolysis.
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Glycolysis
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Respiration in Plants part 3 (Cellular respiration as a process)
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Respiration in Plants part 5 (Glycolysis : Step 1 to 4)
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Respiration in Plants part 7 (Glycolysis : Step 7 to 10)
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Respiration in Plants part 8 (Glycolysis: ATP yield, Aerobic Respiration)
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