English

Solve the following differential equation: x dy = (x + y + 1) dx - Mathematics and Statistics

Advertisements
Advertisements

Question

Solve the following differential equation:

x dy = (x + y + 1) dx

Sum
Advertisements

Solution

x dy = (x + y + 1) dx

∴ `"dy"/"dx" = ("x + y + 1")/"x" = ("x + 1")/"x" + "y"/"x"`

∴ `"dy"/"dx" - 1/"x" * "y" = ("x + 1")/"x"`   ....(1)

This is the linear differential equation of the form

`"dy"/"dx" + "Py" = "Q",` where P = `- 1/"x" and "Q" = ("x + 1")/"x"`

∴ I.F. = `"e"^(int "P dx") = "e"^(int - 1/"x" "dx")`

`= "e"^(- log "x") = "e"^(log (1/"x")) = 1/"x"`

∴ the solution of (1) is given by

`"y" * ("I.F.") = int "Q" * ("I.F.")"dx" + "c"`

∴ `"y"*1/"x" = int ("x + 1")/"x" xx 1/"x" "dx" + "c"`

∴ `"y"/"x" = int ("x + 1")/"x"^2 "dx" + "c"`

∴ `"y"/"x" = int (1/"x" + 1/"x"^2) "dx" + "c"`

∴ `"y"/"x" = int 1/"x" "dx" + int "x"^-2 "dx" + "c"`

∴ `"y"/"x" = log |"x"| + "x"^-1/-1 + "c"`

∴ y = x log x - 1 + cx

This is the general solution.

shaalaa.com

Notes

The answer in the textbook is incorrect.

Formation of Differential Equations
  Is there an error in this question or solution?
Chapter 6: Differential Equations - Miscellaneous exercise 2 [Page 217]

APPEARS IN

Balbharati Mathematics and Statistics 2 (Arts and Science) [English] Standard 12 Maharashtra State Board
Chapter 6 Differential Equations
Miscellaneous exercise 2 | Q 5.4 | Page 217

RELATED QUESTIONS

Obtain the differential equation by eliminating the arbitrary constants from the following equation:

(y - a)2 = 4(x - b)


Obtain the differential equation by eliminating the arbitrary constants from the following equation:

y = a + `"a"/"x"`


Obtain the differential equation by eliminating the arbitrary constants from the following equation:

y = c1e2x + c2e5x 


Obtain the differential equation by eliminating the arbitrary constants from the following equation:

c1x3 + c2y2 = 5


Obtain the differential equation by eliminating the arbitrary constants from the following equation:

y = e−2x (A cos x + B sin x)


Find the differential equation of all circles having radius 9 and centre at point (h, k).


Form the differential equation of family of lines parallel to the line 2x + 3y + 4 = 0.


In the following example verify that the given expression is a solution of the corresponding differential equation:

y = `"e"^"ax"; "x" "dy"/"dx" = "y" log "y"`


Solve the following differential equation:

`log  ("dy"/"dx") = 2"x" + 3"y"`


Solve the following differential equation:

`"y" - "x" "dy"/"dx" = 0`


Solve the following differential equation:

`"y"^3 - "dy"/"dx" = "x"^2 "dy"/"dx"`


Solve the following differential equation:

`2"e"^("x + 2y") "dx" - 3"dy" = 0`


For the following differential equation find the particular solution satisfying the given condition:

`y(1 + log x) dx/dy - x log x = 0, y = e^2,` when x = e


Reduce the following differential equation to the variable separable form and hence solve:

(2x - 2y + 3)dx - (x - y + 1)dy = 0, when x = 0, y = 1.


Choose the correct option from the given alternatives:

The differential equation of all circles having their centres on the line y = 5 and touching the X-axis is


Choose the correct option from the given alternatives:

The solution of `("x + y")^2 "dy"/"dx" = 1` is


Choose the correct option from the given alternatives:

The solution of `"dy"/"dx" = ("y" + sqrt("x"^2 - "y"^2))/"x"` is


The integrating factor of linear differential equation `x dy/dx + 2y = x^2 log x` is ______.


In the following example verify that the given function is a solution of the differential equation.

`"x"^2 + "y"^2 = "r"^2; "x" "dy"/"dx" + "r" sqrt(1 + ("dy"/"dx")^2) = "y"`


In the following example verify that the given function is a solution of the differential equation.

`"y" = 3 "cos" (log "x") + 4 sin (log "x"); "x"^2 ("d"^2"y")/"dx"^2 + "x" "dy"/"dx" + "y" = 0`


Obtain the differential equation by eliminating the arbitrary constants from the following equation:

y = a sin (x + b)


Obtain the differential equation by eliminating the arbitrary constants from the following equation:

y = `"Ae"^(3"x" + 1) + "Be"^(- 3"x" + 1)`


Form the differential equation of the hyperbola whose length of transverse and conjugate axes are half of that of the given hyperbola `"x"^2/16 - "y"^2/36 = "k"`.


Solve the following differential equation:

`"dy"/"dx" = "x"^2"y" + "y"`


Find the particular solution of the following differential equation:

(x + y)dy + (x - y)dx = 0; when x = 1 = y


Select and write the correct alternative from the given option for the question

General solution of `y - x ("d"y)/("d"x)` = 0 is


Find the general solution of `("d"y)/("d"x) = (1 + y^2)/(1 + x^2)`


Form the differential equation of y = (c1 + c2)ex 


Verify y = log x + c is the solution of differential equation `x ("d"^2y)/("d"x^2) + ("d"y)/("d"x)` = 0


The differential equation having y = (cos-1 x)2 + P (sin-1 x) + Q as its general solution, where P and Q are arbitrary constants, is 


Find the differential equation of the family of all non-horizontal lines in a plane 


Form the differential equation of all straight lines touching the circle x2 + y2 = r2


Find the differential equation of the family of all the parabolas with latus rectum 4a and whose axes are parallel to the x-axis


Find the differential equation of the family of parabolas with vertex at (0, –1) and having axis along the y-axis


Find the differential equation corresponding to the family of curves represented by the equation y = Ae8x + Be 8x, where A and B are arbitrary constants


If `x^2 y^2 = sin^-1 sqrt(x^2 + y^2) + cos^-1 sqrt(x^2 + y^2)`, then `"dy"/"dx"` = ?


The differential equation of all lines perpendicular to the line 5x + 2y + 7 = 0 is ____________.


The general solution of the differential equation of all circles having centre at A(- 1, 2) is ______.


The differential equation for all the straight lines which are at the distance of 2 units from the origin is ______.


If y = (tan–1 x)2 then `(x^2 + 1)^2 (d^2y)/(dx^2) + 2x(x^2 + 1) (dy)/(dx)` = ______.


The differential equation of all parabolas whose axis is Y-axis, is ______.


The differential equation for a2y = log x + b, is ______.


If 2x = `y^(1/m) + y^(-1/m)`, then show that `(x^2 - 1) (dy/dx)^2` = m2y2


Share
Notifications

Englishहिंदीमराठी


      Forgot password?
Use app×