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प्रश्न
Suggest a few instances in the poem which highlight humour and irony.
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उत्तर
A model answer has been provided for students' reference.
It is strongly recommended that students prepare the answer on their own.
The poet has used the tools of humour and irony in the poem. Humour refers to cognitive experiences which provoke laughter in a person. Irony refers to the strange aspect of a situation that is very different from what one expects. Some instances of humour and irony in the poem are:
The decision of the king to hang the chief of the builders for constructing a low arch when his crown struck against it evokes laughter among the readers. It is an example of humour. The way the king got convinced that actually the labourers who constructed the arch were responsible is also humourous. The king wanted to hang the labourers but the labourers were able to defend themselves. This situation is humorous as it evokes laughter among the readers and ironic as the readers find that the labourers are able to shift the responsibility to the architect. Ironically, the architect is able to shift the responsibility to the king himself. The selection of the wisest man who would give the verdict as to who was the real culprit evokes laughter and is, therefore, humorous. The old man ultimately blamed the arch and declared that the arch must be hanged. Ironically, one of the ministers pointed out that the gathering wanted a man to be hanged. As the noose fitted the king's neck, so, he was hanged.
The choice of a successor is humorous as an idiot is consulted in selecting the successor. The idiot chose a melon who became the symbolic head of the state.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
We sang our school fight song dozens of times – en route to Arlington National cemetery, and even on an afternoon cruise down the Potomac River. We visited the Lincoln Memorial twice, once in day – light, the second time at dusk. My classmates and I fell silent as we walked in the shadows of those 36 marble columns, one for every state in the Union that Lincoln laboured to preserve. I stood next to Frank at the base of the 19 foot seated statue. Spotlights made the white Georgian marble seem to glow. Together we read famous words from Lincoln’s speech at Gettysburg remembering the most bloody battle in the war between the status : “………….we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain – that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom………..”
As Frank motioned me into place to take my picture, I took one last look at Lincoln’s face. He seemed alive and so terribly sad.
The next morning I understand a little better why he wasn’t smiling. “Clifton,” a chaperone said, “could I see you for a moment?”
(1) When did the boys visit Lincoln Memorial?
(2) What made the Georgian marble glow?
(3) What did the words: “………. We here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain – that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom …………” remind them?
(4) Do you believe in building memorials? What kind should they be, if your answer is ‘yes’? If no, give reasons why you do not believe in memorials?
Answer any two of the following questions in about 30‒40 words:
(a) How does Kamala Das try to put away the thoughts of her ageing mother?
(b) Which is the exotic moment that the poet refers to in 'Keeping Quiet'?
(c) What are the difficulties that aunt Jennifer faced in her life?
To what end have humans used their superior intelligence ?
Read the following passage and complete the activities given below :
A1 Find out :
Find from the passage the related words to the sea and write them.
ON FIERCE monsoon nights, about one and a quarter-mile off the Mumbai harbor, there have been occasions when 52-year-old Bikaji Ramchandra Dhuri is the only man on the sea. From the watchtower of the Prongs Reef Lighthouse, which is surrounded on all sides by the Arabian Sea, he has heard the sea rage like a possessed spirit – the darkness dispelled only by the beam of light flung across the waters from the tower he mans.
Dhuri is one of the last breeds of lighthouse keepers on the Indian coast, as a majority of the 182 lighthouses in the country are now unmanned. Built-in 1871, the Prongs Reef lighthouse was modeled on Scotland’s Skerryvore Rocks Lighthouse and is located at a strategic spot on the western coast, marking the entrance to the busy Mumbai Harbour. It was meant to stem the number of shipwrecks off the harbor, which the lone Colaba lighthouse could not illumine on its own. “Even now, during nights, for fishing vessels without any gadgets, it’s the soft light from this tower which directs us to Mumbai,” says Vinayak Koli, a boatsman who helps ferry people and also goes on fishing expeditions.
Throughout the year, Dhuri lives in the lighthouse for 15 days at a stretch, when he is relieved by another keeper. In the monsoon, it becomes his home for three months. “We call it the Kalapana as we are alone in the middle of the sea for days, with basic supplies – and the revolving light that keeps the sea awake,” he says.
A2 Fill in the following information using words from the passage :
(i) The Prongs Reef lighthouse was modeled on _______.
(ii) Dhuri lives in the lighthouse for _______ at a stretch.
(iii) _______ is one of the last breeds of lighthouse keepers on the Indian coast.
(iv) The majority of the _______ lighthouses in the country are now unmanned.
| Violent | Scattered | Place of shelter for ships | Shine light |
A4
A5 Personal Response
Imagine you have to spend a night in a lighthouse. Narrate your experience.
Indian society has moved a long way from the way the marriage is arranged in the story. Discuss.
How does the horse serve as a true friend and companion to Iona?
Locate expressions in the text reflect the Indian idiom, for example, the pride of the generations of his ancestors.
What was the importance of the watch to the author?
How have the three passions contributed to the quality of Russell's life?
What are the cues that signal the presence of the peacock in the vicinity?
Adi Song for the Recovery of Lost Health' is in Miri Agom while Adi Agom is the Adi community's language for routine conversation. How does this reflect upon the high level of language sensitivity of the Adi? Can you think of other parallels in modern languages between the literary variety and the colloquial variety?
Discuss in pairs
Choice of diction is very crucial to the communication of meaning.
Identify the lines that reveal the critical tone of the poet towards the felling of the tree.
Think and answer in your own words.
How do parents react when they see children soil their clothes in dust and heat?
Divide the story into parts. Make 4 groups in your class. Each group should take one of the 4 parts to convert the story into a play and enact your part.
Discuss with your partner and complete the web, highlighting the sad and gloomy aspects of life mentioned in the first part of the poem.
Discuss in groups and share with one another.
When you go for a picnic, what and how do you enjoy?
How do we realize that animals are not feeling well?
The drone is given a death sentence because he ______.
Visit a library: Find the stories of
- Mulla Nasiruddin
- Gopal Bhand and
- Tenali Raman. Share them in the class.
Where does the story take place?
On any one page, note against the speech of every character what feelings it should show to bring out the meaning best. For example, joy, fear, anger, nervousness, friendliness, dislike, surprise, wonder, excitement, politeness, rudeness, cunning, curiosity.
How long a period did Shalihotra allow to find the missing things?
Portia’s suitors chose the gold and silver caskets.
Visit a library:
Read other tales from Shakespeare, for example, Julius Caesar, As You Like It, Macbeth, and The Tempest.
Complete the following sentence with reference to the passage:
The king was determined to prevent his beloved son from ____________.
Read the passage and answer the following:
Where does the story take place?
Read the following sentence aloud. Write who said it and to whom.
“What! ... how ! ... That’s impossible! ”
Find three lines, that contain images of nature in the autumn season.
During daytime
- _______________________
- _______________________
- _______________________
Answer the following question and write in short, why the parody sounds funny.
Is the bee a gentle creature? Is the crocodile gentle?
Where does the brook join the river?
Correct the following sentence and rewrite it.
Papa Panov gave hot soup to the sweeper, milk to the young mother, and coffee to the beggars.
Fill in the blank choosing the appropriate word/idiom from the lesson.
The sight of a snake ______.
What did the important-looking man tell Gulliver?
Tell any one of the stories orally imagining you are Gulliver.
The author was going to New York.
Read the story again and write how these character reacted in these situation:
Zigzag hardly never sleeps.
Somu………………………
Dr.Krishnan……………………….
Hamid was like one with wings on his feet. This means ______
Two scary events from this section are listed here. Write the events that take place in between in the correct order.
Usha went to visit her______ house after shopping in the market.
Read the comic strip and answer the following question.
Can we read and access the information free of cost?
How does the ability to question help us?
Fill in the blank
______ is the festival which fills our hearts with delight.
drenched – thoroughly wet
He is drenched to the skin. ______
Give a picturesque view through which the train travels.
Why did the crowd gather by the side of the pond?
The dry earth soaked up the moisture as a hungry puppy laps up milk. It means______.
Read the lines and answer the questions given below.
Autumn is English
in red, yellow and brown
Autumn is Indian
Whenever leaves fell down
- How is autumn in India?
- Compare the English autumn with the Indian autumn.
The battle of Nauranang lasted for three days.
Anbu was talented in catching______.
Identify the character/speaker.
He set the fish free.
Look at the picture and tick choose the correct word.
Which disaster had hit the village?
Fill in the blank with rhyming word.
tree- ______
Every year the children visit the______.
In real, the test is for______.
The merchant paid______ to the boatman.
Choose the correct one.
Rooster
What was the truth finally learned by Chris?
Being a bachelor, the stranger had no patience with children.
