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प्रश्न
Refer to a standard dictionary and find out the meaning of the following word:
Reported speech
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उत्तर
Reported speech: Means of expressing statements or questions without using the speaker’s exact words.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Have you are wondered why soldiers are always clad in green? This is to enable them to camouflage themselves during wartime. Hiding in the jungles, their green attire blends into the surrounding trees and shrubs, making it difficult for the enemies to spot them.
Long before man-made use of camouflaging, insects have already adopted the tactic of disguise to escape from the clutches of their predators. By having body colour close to those of the rocks and dried leaves, they can escape from being pursued by the predators.
Butterflies and moths have developed a variety of camouflage strategies since they are quite defenceless and their predators are abundant. Possessing wings which resemble dried leaves help certain butterflies and moths to hide among heaps of dried leaves when predators are around.
Fortunately, not all insects choose the art of disguise to escape from their predators; otherwise, the world would be so dull and colourless. There are insects which assimilate the bright body colours of bees and wasps to escape from being pursued by their predator. Long ago, birds have already learnt to avoid brilliantly coloured wasps and bees in fear of their painful stings. Hence, over millions of years, many harmless insects have assimilated the bees and wasps by imitating. their bright body colours and shapes. In this way, they appear dangerous and hence ward them off.
The beefy, not only appears like the bumblebee in terms of body colour, even its hums sound similar too. The only difference is that the beefy does not have a stirring and is hence harmless. The hoverfly is another insect which imitates. the body colours of the wasps. Their bodies are striped yellow and black. The only deviations are that hoverflies do not have stings, and they have only one pair of wings each while wasps have two pairs each. These variations are hardly noticed by the predators and hence help them to escape.
A1. Complete the table with the information from the passage : (2)
| Insects | Similarity | Difference |
| Bumblebee - Beefy | ||
| Wasp - Hoverfly |
A2. Complete the tree diagram : (2)
A3. Find out : (2)
‘Nature has given a self-protection mechanism to insects’.
Find out at least two examples from the passage to prove this statement.
A4. Vocabulary - (2)
Find the words from the passage for :
(i) animal or bird that hunts other for food
(ii) to get free from danger
(iii) to prevent something from harming
(iv) to make a copy
A5. Personal response - (2)
‘Soldiers disguise themselves to prevent enemies to spot them’.
Give two more examples when the disguising technique is used by humans.
A6. Grammar - (2)
Rewrite the following sentences in the ways instructed :
(i) They have only one pair of wings.
(Make it negative without changing the meaning)
(ii) Insects have already adopted the tactic of disguise to escape from the clutches of their predators.
(Replace infinitive with gerund and rewrite)
(B) Summary : (3)
Summarise the above extract with the help of the points given and suggest a suitable title.
Camouflage of soldiers and insects - reason and ways for disguising - assimilation of insects - need of imitation.
A1. Choose two sentences that appropriately mention the theme of the passage :
(1) The extract deals with the writer’s concern over Chaitanya's handicap.
(2) The extract depicts the writer’s proud feelings towards her son’s achievement.
(3) The extract deals with how Chaitanya made the writer see positively towards life.
(4) The extract deals with how the writer helps Chaitanya to buy the bus ticket.
Early in 1997-98, when he returned from state-level inter-school sports, he had two prizes to his credit and a silver medal. He had won his laurels in athletic events and the silver medal in a running race.
When I saw the prizes and read the citation Chaitanya had received, I was stupefied, in total disbelief, then–hugged him, kissed him and cried unabashedly to my heart’s content. That day, I cried for the first time out of joy and a sense of being vindicated. Without practice, he had competed with approximately 1,800 children drawn from various schools all over the state. He was subsequently selected for the marathon race, but he could not participate due to a health problem. “Maybe next year, he would”, I assured myself. And I, as his proud mother, would proudly chronicle his future achievements and success to inspire other - mothers of the world.
Looking back at my own life, I feel that it is the spirit with which we can accept our life gracefully is what
matters ultimately; and it is love that nourishes us. All other things are unimportant. Chaitanya has made me look inwards. His handicap doesn’t disturb me any longer. He and I shall live with it and still be happy. The mental strength which he has given to me is inexhaustible.
One day, as both of us got onto a public transport bus, Chaitanya offered to buy the tickets for us.
“One full, one half ”, he said to the conductor beaming with joy.
Looking at him, I wondered whether he was really only a half? An incomplete person? Was I really full?
Complete in all respects? Why do then normal people feel that they are ‘full’ and others like Chaitanya are ‘half’ or incomplete? Chaitanya’s world is complete in itself, pure and innocent while our lives are full of deceit, jealousies, ill-feelings.
A2. Point out -
Point out two instances where you find Chaitanya's victory over his disability.
A3. Give reasons -
Chaitanya’s silver medal in a running race was very special for the writer, because :
(i) __________________
(ii) __________________
A4. Vocabulary -
Match the pairs of the words in column ‘A’ with their meanings in column ‘B’:
| Column ‘A’ | Column ‘B’ | ||
| (1) | stupefied | (a) | official statement about the special act of courage |
| (2) | chronicle | (b) | record events in the order they happened |
| (3) | vindicated | (c) | surprised or shocked |
| (4) | citation | (d) | justified |
A5. Personal response -
Explain, your views about the ill-treatment the special children receive in society.
A6. Grammar -
Rewrite the following sentences in the ways instructed :
(i) He had won his laurels in athletic events and the silver medal in a running race.
(Rewrite the sentence using ‘not only...but also’.)
(ii) When I saw the prizes, I was stupefied.
(Rewrite the sentence using ‘No sooner.... than’.)
Greenland is the largest island in the world.
(Rewrite: Using ‘larger’.)
Arun was asked by his mother to explain the missing buttons on his shirt.
(Rewrite: Using ‘explanation’)
What message is relevant to the present age in the poem?
Who was Beatrix Potter?
What do you think is the message of the poem?
What is the symbolic significance of the sun, sky and wind in the first stanza?
What bells are being referred to here? Why are they rung?
Thus I entered, and thus I go!
In triumphs, people have dropped down dead,
"Paid by the world, what dost thou owe
Me? "....God might question; now instead,
'Tis God shall repay: I am safer so.
Read the above lines and amswer the question that follow.
Can one see the faith of humans in God in the poem?
Which is the turning point in the poem?
Who was talking to the old man?
What thoughts are uppermost in the soldier’s mind as he talks with the old man?
Describe the picture of India given by the author.
What is the setting of “All Summer in a Day”?
What is the setting of “All Summer in a Day”?
You had been waiting outside the examination hall. Describe what you saw and the sounds you heard when you arrived at the place. What were your feelings? Describe how the scene changed once you entered the hall and the examination started.
Your class wants to visit a well-known historical monument in a nearby town. Write a letter to your Principal seeking permission and say why you would benefit from the visit.
Shakespeare's minor characters play an important part in the development of the plot. What purpose do Dogberry, Verges and the Company of the Watch serve in the play Much Ado About Nothing?
Ichabod Crane, the central character of the short story 'The Legend of Sleepy Hollow', is a person who arouses both our amusement and pity. Discuss.
She shouted angrily_________ the disobedient boy.
Notice the following sentence patterns.
Eternal I rise
Rewrite the above sentences in prose.
‘It was worth a wound—it was worth many wounds—to know the depth of loyalty and love that lay behind that cold mask’— how does this comment throw light on the kind of relationship between Holmes and Watson?
Guess what these words and phrases mean from the context
|
LSE |
Grundig reel-to-reel |
hollered |
|
heralded |
clamorous |
stucco |
|
forsythia bushes |
ruffles |
chapped |
|
foyer |
mortified |
|
There are many instances of gentle humour in the story. Point out some of these and state how this contributes to the interest of the narration.
Write four to six lines of Free Verse on the topic ‘The road that leads to my college’. Express that it is the road to knowledge and bright future. You may begin like this: Every day I tread with the bag of books …
Write a character sketch of your family member.
The words in the box are all words that describe movement. Use them to fill in the blank in the sentence below.
The birds _______________ at the snake.
1. Given below is a page from a dictionary. Look at it carefully an
(i) find a word which means the same as ghastly. Write down the word and its two meanings.
(ii) find a word meaning a part of the school year.
(iii) find a word that means examination.
2. Now make lists of
(i) all the words on the page (plus any more that you can think of) that begin with terr-
(ii) five words that may follow the last word on the page, that.
(iii) write down your own meaning of the word thank. Then write down the meaning given in the dictionary.
The feeling of a person when he commits a mistake are __________________.
- He tries to justify it.
- __________________
- __________________
- __________________
- _________________
Imagine your younger sister is not paying attention to her studies and is seen wasting time playing games on her cell-phone. Suggest some ways that will help her to concentrate on her studies and overcome her bad habit.
Write the character sketch of Dr. Stockmann.
Now read the beginning and end of a sci-fi story given below and complete the story using your imagination.
|
‘The Magic Glasses’ After ten years of diligent experimenting on ‘light’, Jayant, a brilliant scientist, created a pair of eye-glasses which would enable him to see through all opaque objects, doors, walls, metal structures, etc. On Monday, he put on his ‘magic’ glasses and stepped into the busy street outside ____________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ And so, Jayant received the ‘State Award for Brave Citizens’ _____________________________________________ |
The same landscape appears different at different times. What message can we draw from this?
Making suitable groups, convert the entire episode into a short skit, and write it down. Each group leader must discuss at first with the others and add a different end to the skit.
- Happy ending
- Sad ending
- Surprise ending
- Humorous ending
Find and write the descriptions of different people given in this story.
Why should seniors not overprotect or over - pamper juniors?
Study the following format of an informal letter carefully. Using the format,
Write an informal letter to your friend who has gone to another town for a month.
Write the reason in your own words.
Ostad’s song was more elating than Tansen’s songs.
Form groups of 5. Find at least two fairy tales/folk tales each and share them with other members of your group. Make a collection of 10 different stories in each group.
Read the following and draw a tree diagram to show this information.
| Things in our surroundings form two groups - living things and non-living things. Living things are of two kinds, plants and animals. There are two types of plants - flowering plants and non-flowering plants. If we consider animals, we see that some animals lay eggs. They are oviparous animals. Some animals give birth to their young ones. They are viviparous animals. |
Look at the picture given below and frame your own slogan.
You find it tough to learn a new language ______
Create a poster for the following.
You are Sita/ Sudhan. Design a poster in not more than 50 words to focus on not wasting water. Be creative.
Write a paragraph from the contents of the table given below. Frame sentences with these words – but, as well as, whereas.
eg. A turtle as well as a tortoise belongs to the reptile family.
| Tortoise | Turtle |
| reptile family | reptile family |
| land animal | sea animal |
| has a long life | lives for many years |
| uses tiny feet to walk | uses flippers to swim |
| eats grass, weeds and flowers | eats insects and bugs |
Make a diary entry on the impact of a sports personality who is an inspiration to you.
Note
- Date your entry.
- Write naturally and truthfully.
- Use first person. (I read about Mithali, I like her playing style, etc.,)
- Make your entry informal and expressive.
- Use words that express feelings and write what you feel about it.
Here are some answers about the given picture.
- The colour of the ant is black.
- It lives on land.
- It has two long antennae.
- It crawls on the ground.
- It eats sugar.
Now frame questions for the above answers.
Now make sentences using some of the above words.
Write a few lines on Mithoo and his little dog named Shadow.
Find out when the International Day of Friendship is celebrated.
Describe the photographer.
Why did Miss Wyatt summon Miss Meadows to her room?
What advice did Aunt Jane offer the couple?
Answer the following question as briefly as possible and with close reference to the relevant text.
“Then paint the cut with iodine.” With reference to this line, what is your understanding of Klausner? Do you sympathise with him? Give your reasons.
Answer the following question as briefly as possible and with close reference to the relevant text.
Referring closely to the poem, We are the Music Makers, refer to any two examples given by the poet which identify poets and singers as “movers and shakers.”
On returning home, Tishani Doshi writes her thoughts reflecting on how her decision to enrol for the Students on Ice programme has been the single most important decision of her life that has completely transformed her.
Imagine yourself to be Tishani and express these thoughts.
You may begin like this:
I can’t thank my stars enough for having cashed in on the opportunity of........
What might success mean to the following people? Think about it and write.
A businessman
Informal Letter -
Write a letter to your friend describing the details of the vacation.
Write a composition (in approximately 400 – 450 words) on any one of the following subjects.
You become what you read. Present your reflections on this statement.
Using the given informal letter as a model, write a letter on any one of the topics given below.
Write letter to your father asking permission to go on a educational tour.
