Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
Name and explain the technique used for separating DNA fragments and making them available for biotechnology experiments.
Name and describe the technique that helps in the separation and isolation of DNA fragments.
Advertisements
उत्तर
Gel electrophoresis is a technique which is used for separating DNA fragments in a gel on the basis of their electric charge and size.
The process of gel electrophoresis is as follows:
-
The fragments obtained after cutting with restriction enzymes are separated by using gel electrophoresis.
-
Electric field is applied to the agarose gel matrix and the negatively-charged DNA fragments move towards the anode.
-
Fragments separate according to their size by the sieving properties of agarose gel. The smaller the fragment, the farther it moves.
-
Staining dyes such as ethidium bromide, upon exposure to UV radiation, are used to visualise the DNA fragments.
-
DNA fragments are visible as bright orange-coloured bands in the agarose matrix.
- These bands are cut from the agarose gel and extracted from the gel piece (elution).
- DNA fragments are purified and used in constructing recombinant DNAs
संबंधित प्रश्न
Name the genes responsible for making Bt cotton plants resistant to bollworm attack. How do such plants attain resistance against bollworm attacks? Explain.
What would be the molar concentration of human DNA in a human cell?
Distinguish between RNA and DNA.
What is the cell that receives a recombinant gene called?
The enzyme nuclease hydrolyses ______ of polynucleotide chain of DNA.
Identify the properties that a cloning vector must possess to be efficiently used in rDNA technology.
- Control elements like promoter, operator, ribosomal binding sites
- Restriction sites
- Marker genes
- Ori of replication
- Ability to replicate independently
The following identifies the major features of technology that differentiate modem biotechnology from classical biotechnology.
i. Capability of science to change the genetic material for getting new specific products through rDNA technology, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), microarrays, cell culture and fusion, and bioprocessing.
ii. Ownership of technology and its sociopolitical impact.
iii. Modem biotechnology makes use of only fermentation technology.
iv. Classical biotechnology relies only on principles of plant and animal tissue culture.
In which of the following techniques, charged molecules (DNA, RNA and Proteins) are separated by applying the electric field?
In PCR technique, the organism providing thermostable DNA polymerase is a ____________.
The gene transfer between unrelated plants is brought about by ____________.
Lytic cycle involves bacteriophage and ____________.
Name a recombinant vaccine that is currently being used in vaccination programme.
Expand the following acronym:
BAC
Name two restriction enzymes used in PCR.
Which amino acid is coded by the initiation codon?
Name the source of thermostable DNA polymerase.
Give a reason for the following:
The diagram given below represents vector pBr322 which was modified by a research scholar Dr. Rayon, but the vector was rejected by his guide.
