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प्रश्न
Name and explain the technique used for separating DNA fragments and making them available for biotechnology experiments.
Name and describe the technique that helps in the separation and isolation of DNA fragments.
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उत्तर
Gel electrophoresis is a technique which is used for separating DNA fragments in a gel on the basis of their electric charge and size.
The process of gel electrophoresis is as follows:
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The fragments obtained after cutting with restriction enzymes are separated by using gel electrophoresis.
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Electric field is applied to the agarose gel matrix and the negatively-charged DNA fragments move towards the anode.
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Fragments separate according to their size by the sieving properties of agarose gel. The smaller the fragment, the farther it moves.
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Staining dyes such as ethidium bromide, upon exposure to UV radiation, are used to visualise the DNA fragments.
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DNA fragments are visible as bright orange-coloured bands in the agarose matrix.
- These bands are cut from the agarose gel and extracted from the gel piece (elution).
- DNA fragments are purified and used in constructing recombinant DNAs
संबंधित प्रश्न
What would be the molar concentration of human DNA in a human cell?
Distinguish between RNA and DNA.
Name the most commonly used bioreactor and describe its working.
What is the cell that receives a recombinant gene called?
Give a reason why :
Proteases are added during the isolation of DNA for genetic engineering.
Enlist and write in brief about the different biological tools required in rDNA technology.
What is Palindromic sequence?
From the following identify the methods of electrophoresis.
EcoRl & Hind III are the examples of ______
A technique used to make numerous copies of a specific DNA segment quickly and accurately is called ______
What would happen when one grows a recombinant bacterium in a bioreactor but forget to add antibiotic to the medium in which the recombinant is growing?
Cloning of genes, play a very significant role in genetic engineering, helping the transfer of desirable foreign genes into different hosts. The scientists, to make this process easier and effective are creating engineered vectors in such a way that they help easy linking of foreign DNA and selection of recombinants from non-recombinants. 'pBR322' is one such engineered vectors developed by scientists. A diagram of an engineered vector pBR322 is given below:
- Name the host for this cloning vector.
- Identify 'Rop' and 'Ori' in the diagram from 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y' and 'Z'. Write their functions.
- Draw the fragments that will be formed by the action of 'Z' (marked in the diagram) on the specific site of the DNA segment given below:
5' --- GTACGAATCCTGA --- 3'
3' --- CATGCTTAGGACT --- 3'
The polymerase chain reaction is a powerful technique to ______.
What is EcoRI?
How many sets of primers are required in each cycle of PCR?
Suneeta is planning an experiment to clone a gene in a vector. So, she has to choose a good cloning vector.
Which one of the vectors shown below should she choose? Justify your answer by giving two reasons.
 |
 |
 |
| Vector A | Vector B | Vector C |
The restriction enzymes used as molecular scissors are type of ______.
