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प्रश्न
Name and explain the technique used for separating DNA fragments and making them available for biotechnology experiments.
Name and describe the technique that helps in the separation and isolation of DNA fragments.
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उत्तर
Gel electrophoresis is a technique which is used for separating DNA fragments in a gel on the basis of their electric charge and size.
The process of gel electrophoresis is as follows:
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The fragments obtained after cutting with restriction enzymes are separated by using gel electrophoresis.
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Electric field is applied to the agarose gel matrix and the negatively-charged DNA fragments move towards the anode.
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Fragments separate according to their size by the sieving properties of agarose gel. The smaller the fragment, the farther it moves.
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Staining dyes such as ethidium bromide, upon exposure to UV radiation, are used to visualise the DNA fragments.
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DNA fragments are visible as bright orange-coloured bands in the agarose matrix.
- These bands are cut from the agarose gel and extracted from the gel piece (elution).
- DNA fragments are purified and used in constructing recombinant DNAs
संबंधित प्रश्न
What are plasmids?
Give the applications of the PCR technique.
Enlist different types of restriction enzymes commonly used in rDNA technology? Write about their role.
DNA polymerase enzyme used in PCR is isolated from ____________ bacteria.
____________ cuts the DNA within the specific positions.
______ is the soil bacterium that causes crown gall characterized by tumors in plants.
EcoRl & Hind III are the examples of ______
The source of taq Polymerase used in PCR is a ______.
DNA fingerprinting refers to ______.
The transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another through the mediation of a viral vector is termed as ______.
Both a wine maker and a molecular biologist who had developed a recombinant vaccine claim to be biotechnologists. Who in your opinion is correct?
Cloning of genes, play a very significant role in genetic engineering, helping the transfer of desirable foreign genes into different hosts. The scientists, to make this process easier and effective are creating engineered vectors in such a way that they help easy linking of foreign DNA and selection of recombinants from non-recombinants. 'pBR322' is one such engineered vectors developed by scientists. A diagram of an engineered vector pBR322 is given below:
- Name the host for this cloning vector.
- Identify 'Rop' and 'Ori' in the diagram from 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y' and 'Z'. Write their functions.
- Draw the fragments that will be formed by the action of 'Z' (marked in the diagram) on the specific site of the DNA segment given below:
5' --- GTACGAATCCTGA --- 3'
3' --- CATGCTTAGGACT --- 3'
Expand the following acronym:
BAC
How gene amplification is done?
Write steps involved in gene amplification.
What are the different types of electrophoresis?
Importance of PCR.
How many sets of primers are required in each cycle of PCR?
State the steps involved in the process of gene therapy for the treatment of ADA-deficiency.
Assertion: In a bioreactor, it is not necessary to maintain sterile ambience.
Reason: Sterile conditions promote the growth of unwanted microbes in the culture medium.
