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Beats

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Estimated time: 8 minutes
CBSE: Class 12
Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Definition: Beats

The variation in intensity of sound with time at a particular position, due to the principle of superposition of two sound waves of slightly different frequencies, is called beats.

CBSE: Class 12
Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Definition: Phenomenon of Beats

The periodic variation of intensity of sound between maximum and minimum due to superimposition of two sound waves of same amplitude and slightly different frequencies is called the phenomenon of beats.

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Definition: Waxing

The maximum intensity point produced during the formation of beats is called waxing.

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Definition: Waning

The minimum intensity point produced during the formation of beats is called waning.

CBSE: Class 12
Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Formula: Beat Frequency

The number of beats formed per second is expressed as ∣v1 − v2∣, i.e., either (v1 − v2) or (v2 − v1), where v1​ and v2 are frequencies of the two sound waves.

N = n1 ​− n2

CBSE: Class 12
Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Formula: Beat Period

The beat period is the reciprocal of beat frequency:

T = \[\frac{1}{n_1-n_2}\] or T = \[\frac{1}{|v_1-v_2|}\]

CBSE: Class 12
Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Key Points: Beats

  • Beats are formed when two waves of same amplitude but slightly different frequencies superimpose.
  • Waxing and waning are alternatively produced.
  • The greater the difference in frequency between the two waves, the higher the beat frequency.

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