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प्रश्न
Which language do you use to talk to elderly relatives in your family?
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उत्तर
I speak in Hindi to talk to the elderly relatives in my family.
(A model answer has been provided for students' reference. It is strongly recommended that students prepare the answer on their own.)
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
1. Air pollution is an issue which concerns us all alike. One can willingly choose or reject a food, a drink or a life comfort, but unfortunately there is little choice for the air we breathe. All, what is there in the air is inhaled by one and all living in those surroundings.
2. Air pollutant is defined as a substance which is present while normally it is not there or present in an amount exceeding the normal concentrations. It could either be gaseous or a particulate matter. The important and harmful polluting gases are carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ozone and oxides of sulphur and nitrogen. The common particulate pollutants are the dusts of various inorganic or organic origins. Although we often talk of the outdoor air pollutions caused by industrial and vehicular exhausts, the indoor pollution may prove to be as or a more important cause of health problems.
3. Recognition of air pollution is relatively recent. It is not uncommon to experience a feeling of 'suffocation' in a closed environment. It is often ascribed to the lack of oxygen. Fortunately, however, the composition of air is remarkably constant all over the world. There is about 79 per cent nitrogen and 21 per cent oxygen in the air − the other gases forming a very small fraction. It is true that carbon dioxide exhaled out of lungs may accumulate in a closed and over-crowded place. But such an increase is usually small and temporary unless the room is really air-tight. Exposure to poisonous gases such as carbon monoxide may occur in a closed room, heated by burning coal inside. This may also prove to be fatal.
4. What is more common in a poorly ventilated home is a vague constellation of symptoms described as the sick-building syndrome. It is characterized by a general feeling of malaise, head-ache, dizziness and irritation of mucous membranes. It may also be accompanied by nausea, itching, aches, pains and depression. Sick building syndrome is getting commoner in big cities with the small houses, which are generally over-furnished. Some of the important pollutants whose indoor concentrations exceed those of the outdoors include gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and organic substances like spores, formaldehydes, hydrocarbon aerosols and allergens. The sources are attributed to a variety of construction materials, insulations, furnishings, adhesives, cosmetics, house dusts, fungi and other indoor products.
5. By-products of fuel combustion are important in houses with indoor kitchens. It is not only the brining of dried dung and fuelwood which is responsible, but also kerosene and liquid petroleum gas. Oxides of both nitrogen and sulphur are released from their combustion.
6. Smoking of tobacco in the closed environment is an important source of indoor pollution. It may not be high quantitatively, but significantly hazardous for health. It is because of the fact that there are over 3000 chemical constituents in tobacco smoke, which have been identified. These are harmful for human health.
7. Micro-organisms and allergens are of special significance in the causation and spread of diseases. Most of the infective illnesses may involve more persons of a family living in common indoor environment. These include viral and bacterial diseases like tuberculosis.
8. Besides infections, allergic and hypersensitivity disorders are spreading fast. Although asthma is the most common form of respiratory allergic disorders, pneumonias are not uncommon, but more persistent and serious. These are attributed to exposures to allergens from various fungi, molds, hay and other organic materials. Indoor air ventilation systems, coolers, air-conditioners, dampness, decay, pet animals, production or handling of the causative items are responsible for these hypersensitivity − diseases.
9. Obviously, the spectrum of pollution is very wide and our options are limited. Indoor pollution may be handled relatively easily by an individual. Moreover, the good work must start from one’s own house
(Extracted from the Tribune)
(a) (i) What is an air pollutant? (1)
(ii) In what forms are the air pollutants present? (2)
(iii) Why do we feel suffocated in a closed environment? (1)
(iv) What is sick building syndrome? How is it increasing? (2)
(v) How is indoor smoking very hazardous? (1)
(vi) How can one overcome the dangers of indoor air pollution? (2)
(b) Find the words from the above passage which mean the same as the following: (3)
(i) giddiness (para 4)
(ii) constant (para 8)
(iii) humidity (para 8)
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
The term dietary fibres refers collectively to indigestible carbohydrates present in plant foods. The importance of these dietary fibres came into the picture when it was observed that the people having diet rich in these fibres, had low incidence of coronary heart disease, irritable bowel syndrome, dental caries and gall stones.
The foodstuffs rich in these dietary fibres are cereals and grains, legumes, fruits with seeds, citrus fruits, carrots, cabbage, green leafy vegetables, apples, melons, peaches, pears etc.
These dietary fibres are not digested by the enzymes of the stomach and the small intestine whereas most of other carbohydrates like starch and sugar are digested and absorbed. The dietary fibres have the property of holding water and because of it, these get swollen and behave like a sponge as these pass through the gastrointestinal tract. The fibres add bulk to the diet and increase transit time in the gut. Some of these fibres may undergo fermentation in the colon.
In recent years, it has been considered essential to have some amount of fibres in the diet. Their beneficial effects lie in preventing coronary heart disease, and decreasing cholesterol level. The fibres like gums and pectin are reported to decrease postprandial (after meals) glucose level in blood. These types of dietary fibres are recommended for the management of certain types of diabetes. Recent studies have shown that the fenugreek (Methi) seeds, which contain 40 per cent gum, are effective in decreasing blood glucose and cholesterol levels as compared to other gum containing vegetables.
Some dietary fibres increase transit time and decrease the time of release of ingested food in colon. The diet having less fibres is associated with colon cancer and the dietary fibres may play a role in decreasing the risk of it.
The dietary fibres hold water so that stools are soft, bulky and readily eliminated. Therefore high fibre intake prevents or relieves constipation.
The fibres increase motility of the small intestine and the colon and by decreasing the transit time there is less time for exposure of the mucosa to harmful toxic substances. Therefore, there is a less desire to eat and the energy intake can be maintained within the range of requirement. This phenomenon helps in keeping a check on obesity. Another reason in helping to decrease obesity is that the high-fibre diets have somewhat lower coefficients of digestibility.
The dietary fibres may have some adverse effects on nutrition by binding some trace metals like calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc and others and therefore preventing their proper absorption. This may pose a possibility of nutritional deficiency especially when diets contain marginal levels of mineral elements. This may become important constraints on increasing dietary fibres. It is suggested that an intake of 40 grams dietary fibres per day is desirable.
(Extracted from ‘The Tribune’)
(a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it in points only, using recognizable abbreviations wherever necessary. Also suggest a suitable title.
(b) Write a summary of the above in about 80 words.
How do chimps drink water from the waterholes?
Notice these expression in the text. Infer their meaning from the context.
careered down
What impressions of Shahid do you gather from the piece?
How do Shahid and the writer react to the knowledge that Shahid is going to die?
What two things are compared in the poem?
Comment on the use of the phrase ‘fresh-peeled voice’.
How does the nightingale's song plunge the poet into a state of ecstasy?
Read the extract 'Being Neighborly' and complete the following statement:
In order to tidy the room, Jo __________________.
Read the extract and state whether the following statement is true or false. Correct the false statement.
The aroma of the ‘desi’ rice would spread around the village.
Read the extract and state whether the following statement is true or false. Correct the false statement.
Newer hybrid crops have a great appetite for chemicals.
An acrostic is a poem or a write· up in which the first letter of each line forms a word. when it is read vertically.
For example,
Faithful
Reliable
Inspiring
Encouraging
Noble
Dedicated
With your benchmate / group, complete the acrostic of BELIEVE and FAITH.
(Please note that the words / phrases should be more or less related to the topic. You can use a thesaurus.)
Be certain of
E ......................
L ......................
I ......................
E ......................
V ......................
E ......................
F ......................
A ......................
I ......................
T ......................
H ......................
Select any one of the famous personalities mentioned in ‘Warming up 1’ on page no. 5. From the library or internet find out their success story. Write it in your own words in about 20 to 30 lines of your notebook.
Give your write-up a suitable title.
Pick out some sentences from the lesson that convey a general truth.
You might have visited a bridge. Complete the web describing the sights you could see from the bridge.
Behrman did not know anything about the last leaf on the ivy.
Justify the verdict delivered in the poem.
I can support my answer with the help of the following suitable arguments:
- _______________________
- _______________________
- _______________________
Read the description of the Kabaddi match and do the following:
Write, in your own words, what happened in the second half.
Form groups and discuss the following question:
Why are the clothes compared to living things?
Form groups and discuss the following question:
The events described in the poem take place at a certain place, at a certain period of the year, under specific weather conditions. Describe the place, the time, and the weather conditions.
Describe the following with the help of the story.
Thiruvalluvar
Discuss the following question after you have seen a presentation of the ‘ad’.
Think of the people you like. Do you like them because they have a fair (white) skin or because of some other qualities? List those qualities.
List five questions from the play which can be answered with 'yes' or 'no'.
What does the poet pray for? Why?
Shylock was not at all generous.
Visit a library:
Find and read the biography of your favourite scientist.
Who is the speaker in the poem?
Visit a library:
Find and read stories and poems written by Edith Nesbit.
Complete the following sentence with reference to the passage:
The king was determined to prevent his beloved son from ____________.
Make a time table of your daily routine
- On a school day
- On a holiday, and
- During examinations.
Start at the time you normally get up and list your activities
hourly: 7 am to 8 am, and so on.
What does the poet want to do?
Put the following events in chronological order.
- The sword in the stone appeared in the churchyard.
- Lord Uther died.
- Lord Uther drove the barbarians away.
- The Lords and knights began to fight for the kingdom.
- Sir Kay left his sword behind at home.
- Merlin announced that Arthur was the son of Lord Uther.
- Arthur brought the sword from the churchyard.
- Ancient Britain was invaded by wild barbarians.
- Many knights tried to pull the sword out of the stone.
- Arthur grew up in Sir Ector’s house.
- Merlin entrusted a baby to Sir Ector.
Find one example of the following given below from the poem: Simile.
Rohan and Muk entered the garden at midnight ______.
List the various ways of avoiding the errors mentioned in the passage.
Find two examples of the following from the lesson.
A Command
Discuss the following in group.
Do’s and Don’ts for young children.
The narrator searched for three days to buy ceramic paint.
Read these lines and answer the question given below.
The laughter and beauty of women long dead;
Explain the meaning of the above line.
Narrate the story based on the story map
Why did the trees become a green blur?
Name some of the activities that the village children were doing on their vacation.
It ploughs soil before _________.
Jaswantgarh is named after the Indian soldier ______.
Write the rhyming word.
Bird - ______.
What is your hobby?
Recite the poem ‘Mother Nature’.
Some words sound the same but their spelling and meaning are different. Such words are called homophones. There are many homophones.
Circle and write the adverbs.
I drink coffee thrice a day. ______
Teddy took his pillow as a sign of ______ them.
Why it is important for people to live without boundaries?
The villagers took oath not to harm the _______.
A Shepherd had a _______.
Did the seeds given to Ani sprout? why?
Do you think Ani will be a good leader? Why?
Why did the greedy merchant get angry?
______ was helpful for his father to drive out the wild animals.
What should we do for success?
What is the poem about?
