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CISCEISC (Commerce) Class 12
Question Papers354
Textbook Solutions18218
Important Solutions5670
Concept Notes & Videos605
Time Tables15
Syllabus

Overview of Staff Training

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Topics

  • Introduction to Human Resource Management
  • Job Analysis and Manpower Planning
  • Staff Recruitment
    • Recruitment
    • Characteristics of Recruitment
    • Sources of Recruitment: Internal Sources
    • Sources of Recruitment: External Sources
    • Differences Between Internal and External Sources of Recruitment
    • E-recruitment
    • Overview of Staff Recruitment
  • Staff Selection
    • Meaning and Definition of Staff Selection
    • Difference Between Selection and Recruitment
    • Steps in Employee Selection Process
    • Psychological Tests
    • Interviews
    • Types of Interviews
    • Limitations of Interview
    • Overview of Staff Selection
  • Staff Training
    • Training
    • Comparative Overview of Training, Education, and Development
    • Importance of Training
    • Types of Training
    • Preparation of Training Programme
    • Methods and Techniques of Training: On-the-Job Training
    • Methods and Techniques of Training: Off-the-Job Training
    • Types of Employee Training: Key Distinctions
    • Hindrances to Training
    • Benefits of Training to Employer and Employee
    • Overview of Staff Training
  • Staff Morale
    • Meaning and Definition of Staff Morale
    • Characteristics of Staff Morale
    • Morale Productivity Matrix
    • Measurement of Morale
    • Factors Influencing Morale
    • Determinants of Morale
    • Methods of Raising Morale
    • Indicators of Low Morale or Disadvantages of Low Morale
    • Passive Effects of High Morale or Advantages of High Morale
    • Importance of Team Work
    • Measures for Building Effective Teams
    • Overview of Staff Morale
  • Staff Motivation
    • Meaning and Definition of Staff Motivation
    • Motivation Process
    • Characteristics of Staff Motivation
    • Difference Between Motivation and Morale
    • Importance of Staff Motivation
    • Factors Influencing Motivation
    • Difference Between Financial/Monetary and Non-Financial/Non-Monetary Incentives
    • Maslow's Theory of the Hierarchy of Human Needs
    • Herzberg's Two Factor Theory
    • Critical Appraisal of Herzberg's Theory
    • Relationship Between Maslow and Herzberg Theories
    • Overview of Staff Motivation
  • Staff Remuneration
    • Meaning and Definition of Staff Remuneration
    • Money Wages and Real Wages
    • Methods of Wage Payment: Time-Rate System
    • Methods of Wage Payment: Piece-Rate System
    • Distinction between Time-Rate and Piece-Rate System
    • Wage Records
    • Various Staff Benefits
    • Gratuity
    • Types of Leave
    • Overview of Staff Remuneration
  • Staff Leadership
    • Meaning and Definition of Leadership
    • Distinction Between Leadership and Management
    • Importance of Leadership
    • Leadership - Qualities of a Good Leader
    • Leadership Styles
    • Difference between Different Styles of Leadership
    • Leaders: Born or Made?
    • Leadership Continuum
    • Situational Leadership
    • The Managerial Grid
    • Overview of Staff Leadership
  • Staff Appraisal
    • Performance Appraisal
    • Potential Appraisal
    • Objectives of Performance Appraisal
    • Importance of Performance Appraisal
    • Method of Performance Appraisal
    • Appraisal by Results
    • Appraisal by Superior Staff
    • The 360° Appraisal
    • Overview of Staff Appraisal
  • Staff Promotion and Transfer
    • Meaning and Definition of Promotion
    • Benefits of Promotion
    • Limitations of Promotion
    • Open and Closed Policy of Promotion
    • Dry Promotion and Upgrading
    • Demotion
    • Requirements of a Sound Promotion Policy
    • Bases of Promotion
    • Meaning and Definition of Staff Transfer
    • Need and Purposes of Staff Transfer
    • Types of Transfer
    • Is Transfer a Punishment?
    • Transfer Policy
    • Overview of Staff Promotion and Transfer
  • Staff Separation
  • Emerging Trends in Human Resources
  • Business Communication
    • Communication
    • Importance of Communication in Business
    • Elements of the Communication Process
    • Oral or Spoken Communication
    • Written Communication
    • Distinction between Oral Communication and Written Communication
    • Gestural Communication
    • Visual Communication
    • Distinction Between Gestural and Visual Communication
    • Internal Communication
    • External Communication
    • Distinction Between Internal and External Communication
    • Formal Communication
    • Informal Communication or Grapevine
    • Distinction Between Formal and Informal Communications
    • Horizontal Communication
    • Vertical Communication
    • Diagonal Communication
    • Barriers to Communication
    • Overcoming the Barriers to Communication
    • Current Trends in Business Communication
    • Overview of Business Communication
  • Business Correspondence
    • Needs and Functions of Business Correspondence
    • Elements and Components of Business Letters
    • Essentials of a Good Business Letter
    • Types of Letters
    • Overview of Business Correspondence
  • Reports and Report Writing
    • Meaning and Definition of a Report
    • Characteristics of Reports
    • Purposes or Functions of Reports
    • Essentials of a Good Report
    • Format of a Report
    • Types of Reports
    • Overview of Reports and Report Writing
  • Various Business Entities
  • Sources of Business Finance
  • Globalisation
  • E-Business
  • Outsourcing
    • Concept of Outsourcing
    • Parties Involved in Outsourcing
    • Concept of Outsourcing
    • Business Process Outsourcing (BPO)
    • Knowledge Process Outsourcing (KPO)
    • Legal Process Outsourcing (LPO)
    • Overview of Outsourcing
  • Business Regulators and Intermediaries
Estimated time: 39 minutes
CISCE: Class 12

Definition: Training

  • "Training is the act of increasing the knowledge and skills of an employee for doing a particular job". - Flippo
  • “The term training is used here to indicate only the process by which the aptitudes, skills and abilities of employees to perform specific jobs are increased". - M. J. Jucius
  •  "Training is an organised procedure in which people learn knowledge and or skill to definite purpose". - Dale S. Beach
  •  to "Training is the process by which manpower is filled for the particular jobs it is perform." - Dale Yoder
CISCE: Class 12

Key Points: Concept of Training

  • Training is the process of increasing the knowledge and skills of employees to perform a specific job efficiently.
  • It is a systematic and organised activity carried out after the selection and placement of employees.
  • Training is a two-way process, as it involves someone who teaches and someone who learns.
  • The main objective of training is to improve the job performance and work efficiency of employees.
  • Training helps in preparing employees for higher responsibilities and achieving organisational goals.
CISCE: Class 12

Difference Between Training, Education and Development

Points of Distinction Training Education Development
Meaning Imparting job-related skills Overall growth of employee Improving general knowledge
Purpose To do the job better Overall growth of employee To develop employees
Orientation Job-oriented Knowledge-oriented Career-oriented
Scope Narrow Broader Broadest
Focus Improves work efficiency Develops logical thinking Develops personality
CISCE: Class 12

Key Points: Types of Training

  • Induction or orientation training is given to new employees to familiarise them with the organisation, rules, and work environment.
  • Job training provides employees with the skills and knowledge required to perform a specific job efficiently.
  • Remedial training is conducted to correct mistakes and improve weak areas in employee performance.
  • Safety training creates safety awareness and teaches the use of safety devices to prevent accidents.
  • Promotional and refresher training prepare employees for higher positions and update their skills with new methods and technology.
CISCE: Class 12

Key Points: Methods and Techniques of Training

  • Training methods are of two types: On-the-Job Training and Off-the-Job Training.
  • On-the-Job Training means learning by doing the actual job under the supervision of a superior.
  • Apprenticeship Training combines theory and practical training and follows the “earn while you learn” system.
  • Internship Training is a joint programme of educational institutions and business firms and is common in professional courses.
  • On-the-Job Training is economical and practical but may lead to accidents and unorganized learning.
  • Vestibule Training is given in a separate training centre with similar machines and is safe but expensive.
  • Classroom Training is conducted in classrooms and is suitable for teaching theoretical knowledge and concepts.
CISCE: Class 12

Difference Between On-the-Job Training and Off-the-Job Training

Basis of Distinction On-the-Job Training Off-the-Job Training
Work Place Given at the workplace Given outside the workplace
Trainers Superiors train employees Experts or professionals train
Cost Less expensive Expensive
Time Less time-consuming Time-consuming
Nature Used for simple jobs Used for complex jobs
CISCE: Class 12

Key Points: Hindrances to Training

  • Lack of top management support.
  • Shortage of funds required for training.
  • Shortage of qualified trainers.
  • Lack of faith in the usefulness of training.
  • Lack of willingness to learn on the part of trainees.
CISCE: Class 12

Key Points: Benefits of Training to Employers

  • Enhanced Productivity and Performance – Training increases efficiency and improves quality of work.
  • Improved Employee Satisfaction – Training boosts morale by supporting employee growth.
  • Talent Retention – Training reduces turnover and helps retain skilled employees.
  • Flexibility and Adaptability – Training prepares employees to handle changes effectively.
  • Cost Savings – Training reduces errors and improves operational efficiency.
  • Innovation and Growth – Training encourages creativity and supports organizational development.
CISCE: Class 12

Key Points: Benefits of Training to Employees

  • Skill Development – Training improves existing skills and helps employees learn new skills.
  • Career Advancement – Training creates opportunities for promotions and higher responsibilities.
  • Increased Confidence – Training builds confidence and helps employees perform tasks with self-assurance.
  • Personal Growth – Training supports overall personal and professional development.
  • Job Satisfaction and Engagement – Training increases interest in work and improves job satisfaction.
  • Recognition and Appreciation – Training shows that the employer values and invests in employees.
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