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Distinguish between a conductor and a semi conductor on the basis of energy band diagram
Concept: Energy Bands in Conductors, Semiconductors and Insulators
The following figure shows the input waveforms (A, B) and the output waveform (Y) of a gate. Identify the gate, write its truth table and draw its logic symbol.

Concept: Digital Electronics and Logic Gates
Briefly explain how the output voltage/current is unidirectional.
Concept: Application of Junction Diode as a Rectifier
What happens when a forward bias is applied to a p-n junction?
Concept: Semiconductor Diode
When is a transistor said to be in active state?
Concept: Junction Transistor >> Transistor: Structure and Action
Draw a circuit diagram of a p-n-p transistor and explain how it works as a transistor amplifier
Concept: Junction Transistor >> Transistor as an Amplifier (Ce-configuration)
Write clearly, why in the case of a transistor (i) the base is thin and lightly doped
Concept: Transistor and Characteristics of a Transistor
Write clearly, why in the case of a transistor (ii) the emitter is heavily doped.
Concept: Transistor and Characteristics of a Transistor
What causes the setting up of high electric field even for small reverse bias voltage across the diode?
Concept: Semiconductor Diode
If a small voltage is applied to a p-n junction diode, how will the barrier potential be affected when it is (i) forward biased
Concept: Special Purpose P-n Junction Diodes
If a small voltage is applied to a p-n junction diode, how will the barrier potential be affected when it is(ii) reveres biased?
Concept: Special Purpose P-n Junction Diodes
Derive an expression for voltage gain of the amplifier and hence show that the output voltage is in opposite phase with the input voltage.
Concept: Junction Transistor >> Transistor as an Amplifier (Ce-configuration)
In the following diagram 'S' is a semiconductor. Would you increase or decrease the value of R to keep the reading of the ammeter A constant when S is heated? Give reason for your answer.

Concept: Semiconductor Diode
State its any ‘two’ uses of photodiode.
Concept: Special Purpose P-n Junction Diodes
Draw its I – V characteristics of photodiode
Concept: Semiconductor Diode
A zener diode is fabricated by heavily doping both p- and n- sides of the junction. Explain, why?
Concept: p-n Junction
Explain briefly with the help of necessary diagrams, the forward biasing of a p-n junction diode. Also draw characteristic curves.
Concept: p-n Junction
Explain briefly with the help of necessary diagrams, the reverse biasing of a p-n junction diode. Also draw characteristic curves.
Concept: p-n Junction
In the following diagram, is the junction diode forward biased or reverse biased ?
Concept: Semiconductor Diode
Write the functions of the three segments of a transistor.
Concept: Transistor and Characteristics of a Transistor
