Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
State and explain Pauli’s exclusion principle.
Advertisements
उत्तर
Pauli’s exclusion principle:
- Statement: “No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers”. OR “Only two electrons can occupy the same orbital and they must have opposite spins.”
- The capacity of an orbital to accommodate electrons is decided by Pauli’s exclusion principle.
- According to this principle, for an electron belonging to the same orbital, the spin quantum number must be different since the other three quantum numbers are the same.
- The spin quantum number can have two values: `+1/2` and `-1/2`.
- For example, consider helium (He) atom with electronic configuration 1s2.
For the two electrons in 1s orbital, the four quantum numbers are as follows:
Thus, in an atom, any two electrons can have the same three quantum numbers, but the fourth quantum number must be different.Electron number Quantum number Set of values of quantum numbers n l m s 1st Electron 1 0 0 `+1/2` `(1,0,0,+1/2)` 2nd Electron 1 0 0 `-1/2` `(1,0,0,-1/2)` - This leads to the conclusion that an orbital can accommodate a maximum of two electrons and if it has two electrons, they must have opposite spin.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Using s, p, d notations, describe the orbital with the following quantum numbers n = 1, l = 0.
Choose the correct option.
“No two electrons in the same atoms can have identical set of four quantum numbers”. This statement is known as -
Give the names of quantum numbers.
Define the term Electronic configuration.
State Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity with a suitable example.
Write orbital notations for the electron in orbitals with the following quantum numbers.
n = 4, l = 2
Write condensed orbital notation of electronic configuration of the following element:
Carbon (Z = 6)
Write condensed orbital notation of electronic configuration of the following element:
Oxygen (Z = 8)
Write condensed orbital notation of electronic configuration of the following element:
Chlorine (Z = 17)
Write condensed orbital notation of electronic configuration of the following element:
Calcium (Z = 20)
Draw shapes of 2p orbitals.
Explain in brief, the significance of the azimuthal quantum number.
If n = 3, what are the quantum number l and m?
Write a note on ‘Principal Quantum number.
The principal quantum number (n) and magnetic quantum number (ml) for the valence electrons of rubidium atom (Z = 37) are ____________ respectively.
Which mineral among the following contains vanadium in it?
Which of the following options does not represent ground state electronic configuration of an atom?
The probability density plots of 1s and 2s orbitals are given in Figure:
The density of dots in a region represents the probability density of finding electrons in the region.
On the basis of above diagram which of the following statements is incorrect?
The number of radial nodes for 3p orbital is ______.
Which of the following sets of quantum numbers are correct?
| `n` | `l` | `m_l` | |
| (i) | 1 | 1 | +2 |
| (ii) | 2 | 1 | +1 |
| (iii) | 3 | 2 | –2 |
| (iv) | 3 | 4 | –2 |
In which of the following pairs, the ions are iso-electronic?
(i) \[\ce{Na^{+}, Mg^{2+}}\]
(ii) \[\ce{Al3^{+}, O-}\]
(iii) \[\ce{Na+ , O2-}\]
(iv) \[\ce{N3-, Cl-}\]
Nickel atom can lose two electrons to form \[\ce{Ni^{2+}}\] ion. The atomic number of nickel is 28. From which orbital will nickel lose two electrons.
The arrangement of orbitals on the basis of energy is based upon their (n + l) value. Lower the value of (n + l), lower is the energy. For orbitals having same values of (n + l), the orbital with lower value of n will have lower energy.
Based upon the above information, arrange the following orbitals in the increasing order of energy.
5p, 4d, 5d, 4f, 6s
The electronic configuration of valence shell of Cu is 3d104s1 and not 3d94s2. How is this configuration explained?
Match the following species with their corresponding ground state electronic configuration.
| Atom / Ion | Electronic configuration |
| (i) \[\ce{Cu}\] | (a) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 |
| (ii) \[\ce{Cu^{2+}}\] | (b) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 |
| (iii) \[\ce{Zn^{2+}}\] | (c) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1 |
| (iv) \[\ce{Cr^{3+}}\] | (d) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d9 |
| (e) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d3 |
In assigning R - S configuration, which among the following groups has highest priority?
Which one of the following laws will represent the pairing of electrons in a subshell after each orbital is filled with one electron?
