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प्रश्न
Give a reason for the following:
Long-distance radio broadcasts use short-wave bands. Why?
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उत्तर
Long distance radio broadcasts use shortwave bands because only these bands can be refracted by the ionosphere.
संबंधित प्रश्न
What physical quantity is the same for X-rays of wavelength 10−10 m, red light of wavelength 6800 Å and radiowaves of wavelength 500 m?
Given below are some famous numbers associated with electromagnetic radiations in different contexts in physics. State the part of the electromagnetic spectrum to which each belongs.
(a) 21 cm (wavelength emitted by atomic hydrogen in interstellar space).
(b) 1057 MHz (frequency of radiation arising from two close energy levels in hydrogen; known as Lamb shift).
(c) 2.7 K [temperature associated with the isotropic radiation filling all space-thought to be a relic of the ‘big-bang’ origin of the universe].
(d) 5890 Å - 5896 Å [double lines of sodium]
(e) 14.4 keV [energy of a particular transition in 57Fe nucleus associated with a famous high resolution spectroscopic method (Mössbauer spectroscopy)].
What do you understand by the statement, "Electromagnetic waves transport momentum"?
The wavelengths for the light of red and blue colours are roughly 7.8 × `10^7` m and 4.8 × `10^7` m respectively.
(a) Which colour has the greater speed in vacuum?
(b) Which colour has the greater speed in glass?
(a) Give a list of at least five radiations, in order of their increasing frequencies, which make up the complete electromagnetic spectrum.
(b) Which of the radiation mentioned by you in part (a) has the highest penetrating power.
Arrange the following radiations in the order of their increasing wavelength:
X-rays, infrared rays, ratio waves, gamma ray and microwaves.
A wave has a wavelength of 10-3 nm. Name the wave.
What is the range of the wavelength of the following electromagnetic waves?
(a) Ultraviolet
What is the range of the wavelength of the following electromagnetic waves?
(a) Infrared.
What is the range of the wavelength of the following electromagnetic waves?
(A) Radio waves.
Name the region beyond the red end of the spectrum.
Name the radiations of wavelength just longer than 8 × 10-7m.
Name two electromagnetic waves of frequency smaller than that of violet light. State one use of each.
Give one use of microwaves.
Name the waves used for taking photographs in dark.
What are ultraviolet radiations?
Name three properties of ultraviolet radiations which are similar to visible light.
Which part of electromagnetic spectrum is used in radar systems?
In a Coolidge tube, electrons strike the target and stop inside it. Does the target get more and more negatively charged as time passes?
X-ray and visible light travel at the same speed in vacuum. Do they travel at the same speed in glass?
Can Lα X-ray of one material have shorter wavelength than Kα X-ray of another?
If the potential difference applied to the tube is doubled and the separation between the filament and the target is also doubled, the cutoff wavelength
What potential difference should be applied across an X-ray tube to get X-ray of wavelength not less than 0.10 nm? What is the maximum energy of a photon of this X-ray in joule?
(Use Planck constant h = 6.63 × 10-34 Js= 4.14 × 10-15 eVs, speed of light c = 3 × 108 m/s.)
The X-ray coming from a Coolidge tube has a cutoff wavelength of 80 pm. Find the kinetic energy of the electrons hitting the target.
(Use Planck constant h = 6.63 × 10-34 Js= 4.14 × 10-15 eVs, speed of light c = 3 × 108 m/s.)
The Kβ X-rays from certain elements are given below. Draw a Moseley-type plot of √v versus Z for Kβ radiation.
| Element | Ne | P | Ca | Mn | Zn | Br |
| Energy (keV) | 0.858 | 2.14 | 4.02 | 6.51 | 9.57 | 13.3 |
The energy of a silver atom with a vacancy in K shell is 25.31 keV, in L shell is 3.56 keV and in M shell is 0.530 keV higher than the energy of the atom with no vacancy. Find the frequency of Kα, Kβ and Lα X-rays of silver.
(Use Planck constant h = 6.63 × 10-34 Js= 4.14 × 10-15 eVs, speed of light c = 3 × 108 m/s.)
Suppose a monochromatic X-ray beam of wavelength 100 pm is sent through a Young's double slit and the interference pattern is observed on a photographic plate placed 40 cm away from the slit. What should be the separation between the slits so that the successive maxima on the screen are separated by a distance of 0.1 mm?
Name the scientist who discovered Ultraviolet rays
State the name and the range of wavelength of the invisible electromagnetic waves beyond the red end of the visible spectrum.
Define the term "Intensity" in the photon picture of electromagnetic radiation.
Name any two electromagnetic waves which have a frequency higher than that of violet light. State one use of each.
State two uses of infrared radiations.
Answer briefly.
What are radio waves?
An e.m. wave exerts pressure on the surface on which it is incident. Justify.
An electron beam is accelerated by a potential difference V to hit a metallic target to produce X-rays. It produces continuous as well as characteristic X-rays. If λmin is the smallest possible wavelength of X-ray in the spectrum, the variation of log λmin with log V is correctly represented in:
The fundamental frequency of an open organ pipe is 300 Hz. The first overtone of this pipe has same frequency as first overtone of a closed organ pipe. If speed of sound is 330 m/s, then the length of closed organ pipe is:
The ozone layer absorbs
Find the photon energy in units of ev for electromagnetic wave if waves length 40 m. Given h = 6.63 × 10–34 J.
If λv, λx and λm Am represents the wavelength of visible light, x-ray and microwaves respectively, then ______.
Why does microwave oven heats up a food item containing water molecules most efficiently?
What happens to the intensity of light from a bulb if the distance from the bulb is doubled? As a laser beam travels across the length of a room, its intensity essentially remains constant. What geometrical characteristic of LASER beam is responsible for the constant intensity which is missing in the case of light from the bulb?
Give any two uses of infrared waves.
Identify the electromagnetic wave whose wavelength range is from about 10-12 m to about 10-8 m. Write one use of this.
Name two electromagnetic waves of wavelength smaller than that of violet light.
