Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
Distinguish between plasmid DNA and chromosomal DNA.
Advertisements
उत्तर
| Sr. no. | Plasmid DNA | Chromosomal DNA |
| 1. | Plasmids are circular external DNA that is self-replicating and are naturally found in bacteria and yeast. | Chromosomal DNA sequence, including recognition site, is present in the chromosomes of all organisms. |
| 2. | It is not necessary for normal growth and division. | This is necessary for growth and division. |
| 3. | It contains information about some properties of the cell. | It contains information about all the properties. |
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Name the most commonly used bioreactor and describe its working.
The biological scissor is ______.
Give the applications of the PCR technique.
Write a short note on Electrophoresis.
Describe two vectors less methods of gene transfer used in rDNA technology.
Give a reason why :
Proteases are added during the isolation of DNA for genetic engineering.
In vitro amplification of DNA or RNA segment is known as ___________.
Enlist and write in brief about the different biological tools required in rDNA technology.
The technique which involves addition or deletion of genes is ______.
Polymerase chain reaction is most useful in ______.
Explain types of enzymes used in biotechnology?
For which of the following reason Agrobacterium tumefaciens is most widely used for gene transfer in plants?
Match the List I with List II and List ill. Select the correct option.
| List I | List II | List ill | |||
| i. | Hind III | a. | Agarose ge | 1. | Six base pairs |
| ii. | pBR322 | b. | Agrobacterium | 2. | Selectable marke |
| iii. | T-DNA | c. | Ampicillin | 3. | Elution |
| iv. | DNA | d. | Recognition sequenc | 4. | Transgenic plant |
Identify the characters that a cloning vector should possess.
i. Origin of replication (Ori)
ii. Ability to destroy the alien DNA
ii. Cloning site to link the alien DNA
iv. The tumour inducing plasmid Ti
v. Selectable marker
vi. Low molecular weight
The time taken to complete one cycle of PCR is around ______.
From the following identify the methods of electrophoresis.
Which of the following DNA sequence is recognised and cut by EcoR I?
In which of the following techniques, charged molecules (DNA, RNA and Proteins) are separated by applying the electric field?
______ is a Type I restriction enzyme.
Name a recombinant vaccine that is currently being used in vaccination programme.
| Oil spill is a major environmental issue. It has been found that different strains of Pseudomonas bacteria have genes to break down the four major groups of hydrocarbons in oil. Trials are underway to use different biotechnological tools to incorporate these genes and create a genetically engineered strain of Pseudomonas - a ‘super-bug’, to break down the four major groups of hydrocarbons in oil. Such bacteria might be sprayed onto surfaces polluted with oil to clean thin films of oil. |
(a) List two advantages of using bacteria for such biotechnological studies?
(b) For amplification of the gene of interest PCR was carried out. The PCR was run with the help of polymerase which was functional only at a very low temperature. How will this impact the efficiency of the PCR? Justify.
(c) If such bacteria are sprayed on water bodies with oil spills, how will this have a positive or negative effect on the environment? Discuss.
Cloning of genes, play a very significant role in genetic engineering, helping the transfer of desirable foreign genes into different hosts. The scientists, to make this process easier and effective are creating engineered vectors in such a way that they help easy linking of foreign DNA and selection of recombinants from non-recombinants. 'pBR322' is one such engineered vectors developed by scientists. A diagram of an engineered vector pBR322 is given below:
- Name the host for this cloning vector.
- Identify 'Rop' and 'Ori' in the diagram from 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y' and 'Z'. Write their functions.
- Draw the fragments that will be formed by the action of 'Z' (marked in the diagram) on the specific site of the DNA segment given below:
5' --- GTACGAATCCTGA --- 3'
3' --- CATGCTTAGGACT --- 3'
Which of the following enzyme catalyses the removal of nucleotides from the end of DNA molecules?
Which of these are most widely used in genetic engineering?
Describe three steps involved in mechanism of PCR.
Write a short note on vectors.
Name the enzyme responsible for the transcription of genetic code to produce mRNA.
Which amino acid is coded by the initiation codon?
Suneeta is planning an experiment to clone a gene in a vector. So, she has to choose a good cloning vector.
Which one of the vectors shown below should she choose? Justify your answer by giving two reasons.
 |
 |
 |
| Vector A | Vector B | Vector C |
What is the relationship between alien DNA and the origin of replication in the concept of cloning?
