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प्रश्न
What is meant by gene cloning?
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उत्तर
Gene cloning refers to a process in which a gene of interest is ligated to a vector. The recombinant DNA thus produced is introduced into a host cell by transformation. Each cell gets one DNA molecule and when the transformed cell grows into a bacterial colony, each cell in the colony has a copy of the gene. This is precisely gene cloning.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
What are plasmids?
Name and explain the technique used for separating DNA fragments and making them available for biotechnology experiments.
Explain the mechanism of action of restriction endonucleases that makes them suitable for genetic engineering.
Enlist different types of restriction enzymes commonly used in rDNA technology? Write about their role.
Ti plasmid being used for introducing genes in plants obtained from ______.
Polymerase chain reaction is most useful in ______.
From the following which one is NOT a feature of the plasmids?
Identify the properties that a cloning vector must possess to be efficiently used in rDNA technology.
- Control elements like promoter, operator, ribosomal binding sites
- Restriction sites
- Marker genes
- Ori of replication
- Ability to replicate independently
The following identifies the major features of technology that differentiate modem biotechnology from classical biotechnology.
i. Capability of science to change the genetic material for getting new specific products through rDNA technology, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), microarrays, cell culture and fusion, and bioprocessing.
ii. Ownership of technology and its sociopolitical impact.
iii. Modem biotechnology makes use of only fermentation technology.
iv. Classical biotechnology relies only on principles of plant and animal tissue culture.
Match the column I (PCR steps) and Column II (Temperature). Select the correct option.
| Column I (PCR steps) | Column II (Temperature) | ||
| i. | Polymerization | P. | 40 - 60°C |
| ii. | Denaturation | Q. | 70 - 75°C |
| iii. | Primer annealing | R. | 90 - 98°C |
| S. | 28 - 37°C |
The most important feature in a plasmid to serve as a vector in gene cloning experiment is ______.
What would happen when one grows a recombinant bacterium in a bioreactor but forget to add antibiotic to the medium in which the recombinant is growing?
Identify the desirable characteristics for a plasmid used in rDNA technology from the following.
- Ability to multiply and express outside the host in a bioreactor.
- A highly active promoter.
- A site at which replication can be initiated.
- One or more identifiable marker genes.
- One or more unique restriction sites.
The given figure is the diagrammatic representation of the E. coli vector pBR322. Which one of the given options correctly indentites its certain component(s)?
Which of the following statements are true about cloning vectors?
- Vectors are DNA molecules that carry a foreign DNA segment.
- The replicated DNA is introduced into the host cell.
- It possesses the origin of replication (Ori).
- Vectors may be plasmid, bacteriophage, Yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs), etc.
- Vectors do not require a selectable marker to identify and eliminate non-transformants.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
The plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens that is now modified as a cloning vector is ______.
Which amino acid is coded by the initiation codon?
Name the enzymes that are called molecular scissors.
Suneeta is planning an experiment to clone a gene in a vector. So, she has to choose a good cloning vector.
Which one of the vectors shown below should she choose? Justify your answer by giving two reasons.
 |
 |
 |
| Vector A | Vector B | Vector C |
Give a reason for the following:
The diagram given below represents vector pBr322 which was modified by a research scholar Dr. Rayon, but the vector was rejected by his guide.
