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प्रश्न
What is meant by gene cloning?
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उत्तर
Gene cloning refers to a process in which a gene of interest is ligated to a vector. The recombinant DNA thus produced is introduced into a host cell by transformation. Each cell gets one DNA molecule and when the transformed cell grows into a bacterial colony, each cell in the colony has a copy of the gene. This is precisely gene cloning.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Write a short note on Electrophoresis.
Give a reason why :
Proteases are added during the isolation of DNA for genetic engineering.
Explain the properties of a good or ideal cloning vector for rDNA technology.
Define vector? write any two examples,
Explain types of enzymes used in biotechnology?
Identify the palindromic sequence which is recognized by the EcoRI restriction enzyme.
Which of the following device is required for PCR?
Identify the process by which bacteria protect their own DNA from the attack of restriction enzymes.
______ is the soil bacterium that causes crown gall characterized by tumors in plants.
Which of the following statements is correct with respect to cellular respiration?
DNA fingerprinting refers to ______.
Annealing step of PCR operates at ______ °C.
| Oil spill is a major environmental issue. It has been found that different strains of Pseudomonas bacteria have genes to break down the four major groups of hydrocarbons in oil. Trials are underway to use different biotechnological tools to incorporate these genes and create a genetically engineered strain of Pseudomonas - a ‘super-bug’, to break down the four major groups of hydrocarbons in oil. Such bacteria might be sprayed onto surfaces polluted with oil to clean thin films of oil. |
(a) List two advantages of using bacteria for such biotechnological studies?
(b) For amplification of the gene of interest PCR was carried out. The PCR was run with the help of polymerase which was functional only at a very low temperature. How will this impact the efficiency of the PCR? Justify.
(c) If such bacteria are sprayed on water bodies with oil spills, how will this have a positive or negative effect on the environment? Discuss.
Which of the following enzyme catalyses the removal of nucleotides from the end of DNA molecules?
Identify the desirable characteristics for a plasmid used in rDNA technology from the following.
- Ability to multiply and express outside the host in a bioreactor.
- A highly active promoter.
- A site at which replication can be initiated.
- One or more identifiable marker genes.
- One or more unique restriction sites.
What is polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
Write steps involved in gene amplification.
Explain the mechanism of PCR.
Give a reason for the following:
The diagram given below represents vector pBr322 which was modified by a research scholar Dr. Rayon, but the vector was rejected by his guide.
