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प्रश्न
What is PCR? Explain different steps involved in it.
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उत्तर
Definition: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is the process of in vitro amplification of gene of interest using a PCR machine.
Mechanism of PCR: At the start of PCR, all the requirements are mixed together in ‘eppendorf tube’ and the following operations are performed sequentially:
Step i: Denaturation
The reaction mixture is heated to a temperature (90–98o C) to separate two strands of desired DNA. This is called denaturation.
Step ii: Annealing
The mixture is allowed to cool (40–60o C) that permits pairing of the primer to the complementary sequences in DNA. This step is called annealing.
Step iii: Primer extension / Polymerization
The temperature (70–75o C) allows thermostable Taq DNA polymerase to use single-stranded DNA as template and adds nucleotides. This is called primer extension. It takes around two minutes duration.
संबंधित प्रश्न
Give an example of the source of thermostable enzyme DNA polymerase.
Give the applications of the PCR technique.
Give the steps in PCR or polymerase chain reaction with suitable diagrams.
Which of the following statements is correct with respect to cellular respiration?
The transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another through the mediation of a viral vector is termed as ______.
Name a recombinant vaccine that is currently being used in vaccination programme.
Name the plant disease caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
The PCR technique is used for ______.
Name two restriction enzymes used in PCR.
Name the source of thermostable DNA polymerase.
